时间:2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过:20人阅读
对于批量添加也可使用如下语法
db.session.add_all([user1, user2, user3])
db.session.commit()
查询所有,返回列表
User.query.all()
查询第一个,返回对象
User.query.first()
根据主键ID获取对象,若主键不存在返回None
User.query.get(2)
db.session.query(User).all()
db.session.query(User).first()
db.session.query(User).get(2)
进行过虑
User.query.filter_by(mobile=‘13911111111‘).first() User.query.filter_by(mobile=‘13911111111‘, id=1).first() # and关系
进行过虑
User.query.filter(User.mobile==‘13911111111‘).first()
from sqlalchemy import or_ User.query.filter(or_(User.mobile==‘13911111111‘, User.name.endswith(‘号‘))).all()
from sqlalchemy import and_ User.query.filter(and_(User.name != ‘13911111111‘, User.mobile.startswith(‘185‘))).all()
from sqlalchemy import not_ User.query.filter(not_(User.mobile == ‘13911111111‘)).all()
偏移,起始位置
User.query.offset(2).all()
获取限制数据
User.query.limit(3).all()
排序
User.query.order_by(User.id).all() # 正序 User.query.order_by(User.id.desc()).all() # 倒序
User.query.filter(User.name.startswith(‘13‘)).order_by(User.id.desc()).offset(2).limit(5).all() query = User.query.filter(User.name.startswith(‘13‘)) query = query.order_by(User.id.desc()) query = query.offset(2).limit(5) ret = query.all()
user = User.query.filter_by(id=1).first() # 查询所有字段 select user_id, mobile...... select * from # 程序不要使用 select user_id, mobile,.... # 查询指定字段 from sqlalchemy.orm import load_only User.query.options(load_only(User.name, User.mobile)).filter_by(id=1).first() # 查询特定字段
user = User.query.filter_by(id=1).first() # 查询所有字段 select user_id, mobile...... select * from # 程序不要使用 select user_id, mobile,.... # 查询指定字段 from sqlalchemy.orm import load_only User.query.options(load_only(User.name, User.mobile)).filter_by(id=1).first() # 查询特定字段
class User(db.Model): ... profile = db.relationship(‘UserProfile‘, uselist=False) followings = db.relationship(‘Relation‘) class UserProfile(db.Model): id = db.Column(‘user_id‘, db.Integer, db.ForeignKey(‘user_basic.user_id‘), primary_key=True, doc=‘用户ID‘) ... class Relation(db.Model): user_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey(‘user_basic.user_id‘), doc=‘用户ID‘) ... # 测试 user = User.query.get(1) user.profile.gender user.followings
class User(db.Model): ... profile = db.relationship(‘UserProfile‘, primaryjoin=‘User.id==foreign(UserProfile.id)‘, uselist=False) followings = db.relationship(‘Relation‘, primaryjoin=‘User.id==foreign(Relation.user_id)‘) # 测试 user = User.query.get(1) user.profile.gender user.followings
class Relation(db.Model): ... target_user = db.relationship(‘User‘, primaryjoin=‘Relation.target_user_id==foreign(User.id)‘, uselist=False) from sqlalchemy.orm import load_only, contains_eager Relation.query.join(Relation.target_user).options(load_only(Relation.target_user_id), contains_eager(Relation.target_user).load_only(User.name)).all()
方式一
user = User.query.get(1) user.name = ‘Python‘ db.session.add(user) db.session.commit()
方式二
User.query.filter_by(id=1).update({‘name‘:‘python‘}) db.session.commit()
方式一
user = User.query.order_by(User.id.desc()).first()
db.session.delete(user)
db.session.commit()
方式二
User.query.filter(User.mobile=‘18512345678‘).delete() db.session.commit()
environ = {‘wsgi.version‘:(1,0), ‘wsgi.input‘: ‘‘, ‘REQUEST_METHOD‘: ‘GET‘, ‘PATH_INFO‘: ‘/‘, ‘SERVER_NAME‘: ‘itcast server‘, ‘wsgi.url_scheme‘: ‘http‘, ‘SERVER_PORT‘: ‘80‘} with app.request_context(environ): try: user = User(mobile=‘18911111111‘, name=‘itheima‘) db.session.add(user) db.session.flush() # 将db.session记录的sql传到数据库中执行 profile = UserProfile(id=user.id) db.session.add(profile) db.session.commit() except: db.session.rollback()
SQLAlchemy操作
标签:offset 排序 date inf 限制 flush start off contex