时间:2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过:14人阅读
其中 create_column_definition 可以替换成:
column_name column_definetion
[constraint [symbol]] primary key (column_name, ...) [index_type]
[constraint [symbol]] unique [index|key] (column_name, ...) [index_type]
{index|key} [index_name] (column_name, ...) [index_type]
{fulltext} [index | key] (column_name, ...) [index_type]
data_type [not null | null] [default default_value]
[auto_increment] [unique [key] | [primary] key]
[comment ‘string‘] [reference_definition]
例如:
create table test(
`id` int unsigned not null auto_increment,
`data0` varchar(20),
`data1` varchar(20),
primary key (`id`),
);
create table test(
id int unsigned not null auto_increment primary key,
`data0` varchar(20),
`data1` varchar(20)
);
表创建之后也可以添加索引:
1)使用alter命令:
alter table table_name
[alter_specification [, alter_specification] ... ];
其中 alter_sepcification 可以替换成任意一种:
add [constraint [symbol]] primary key (index_cloumn_name, ... ) [index_type]
add [constraint [symbol]] unique [index|key] [index_name] (index_cloumn_name, ... ) [index_type]
add {index | key} [index_name] (index_cloumn_name, ... ) [index_type]
add [fulltext] [index|key] [index_name] (index_cloumn_name, ... ) [index_type]
其中 index_cloumn_name 可以替换成:column_name [(length) [asc|desc]]
其中 index_type 可以替换成:using {btree|hash}
例如:
alter table test add unique key `index_data0` (`data0` (10));
2)使用create命令:
create [unique|fulltext|spatial] index index_name
on table_name (index_cloumn_name, ... ) [index_type];
其中 index_cloumn_name 可以替换成:column_name [(length) [asc|desc]]
其中 index_type 可以替换成:using {btree|hash}
需要注意的几点:
例如:
create index `index_data1` on test (`data1` (10));
删除索引:
alter table table_name drop primary key;
alter table table_name drop {index | key} index_name;
当创建多列索引之后,查询全部索引或索引的前n列(与定义索引顺序一致),能够使用该索引[6]。例如:
create table test(
id int not null auto_increment,
last_name char(30) not null,
first_name char(30) not null,
primary key (id),
index name (last_name, first_name)
);
以下这些查询能用到索引 name:
select * from test where last=‘xyb‘;
select * from test where last=‘xyb‘ and first_name=‘love‘;
select * from test where last=‘xyb‘ and (first_name=‘love‘ or first_name=‘Charlotte‘);
select * from test where last=‘xyb‘ and first_name >= ‘l‘ and first_name <= ‘n‘;
以下这些chauncey不能用到索引 name:
select * from test where first_name=‘Charlotte‘;
select * from test where last=‘xyb‘ or first_name=‘Charlotte‘;
综合讲解索引可以参见链接[7]
参考链接:
[1]http://www.tutorialspoint.com/mysql/mysql-indexes.htm
[2]http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3844899/difference-between-key-primary-key-unique-key-and-index-in-mysql
[3]https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/mysql-indexes.html
[4]https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/alter-table.html
[5]https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/create-table.html
[6]https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/multiple-column-indexes.html
[7]http://blog.csdn.net/tianmohust/article/details/7930482
mysql索引简介
标签:mysql 索引 index