MySQL按照汉字的拼音排序、按照首字母分类

　　按拼音首字母分类显示的时候，需要借助一个中间表，存储的是字母对应的汉字的编码范围，这样的话，每次取出汉字然后跟中间表比对就可以了，中间表创建和插入数据的SQL如下：

/*
Navicat MySQL Data Transfer

Target Server Type    : MYSQL
Target Server Version : 50617
File Encoding         : 65001

Date: 2015-07-02 11:12:15
*/

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for t_coslers
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_coslers`;
CREATE TABLE `t_coslers` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `f_PY` char(1) CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT NULL,
  `cBegin` smallint(5) unsigned NOT NULL,
  `cEnd` smallint(5) unsigned NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=24 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of t_coslers
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘1‘, ‘A‘, ‘45217‘, ‘45252‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘2‘, ‘B‘, ‘45253‘, ‘45760‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘3‘, ‘C‘, ‘45761‘, ‘46317‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘4‘, ‘D‘, ‘46318‘, ‘46825‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘5‘, ‘E‘, ‘46826‘, ‘47009‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘6‘, ‘F‘, ‘47010‘, ‘47296‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘7‘, ‘G‘, ‘47297‘, ‘47613‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘8‘, ‘H‘, ‘47614‘, ‘48118‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘9‘, ‘J‘, ‘48119‘, ‘49061‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘10‘, ‘K‘, ‘49062‘, ‘49323‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘11‘, ‘L‘, ‘49324‘, ‘49895‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘12‘, ‘M‘, ‘49896‘, ‘50370‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘13‘, ‘N‘, ‘50371‘, ‘50613‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘14‘, ‘O‘, ‘50614‘, ‘50621‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘15‘, ‘P‘, ‘50622‘, ‘50905‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘16‘, ‘Q‘, ‘50906‘, ‘51386‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘17‘, ‘R‘, ‘51387‘, ‘51445‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘18‘, ‘S‘, ‘51446‘, ‘52217‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘19‘, ‘T‘, ‘52218‘, ‘52697‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘20‘, ‘W‘, ‘52698‘, ‘52979‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘21‘, ‘X‘, ‘52980‘, ‘53640‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘22‘, ‘Y‘, ‘53689‘, ‘54480‘);
INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES (‘23‘, ‘Z‘, ‘54481‘, ‘55289‘);

　　借助中间表查询汉字首字母的示例SQL如下（utf8字符集）：

SELECT t1.id, t1.name, t2.f_PY
FROM t_user t1, t_coslers t2
WHERE  CONV(HEX(LEFT(CONVERT(t1.name USING gbk ), 1)), 16, 10) BETWEEN t2.cBegin AND t2.cEnd
ORDER BY convert(t1.name using gbk) ASC

　　需要注意的一点是，上述的排序、分类方法对多音字的支持并不是很好，要求高精度的同学慎用。

MySQL按照汉字的拼音排序、按照首字母分类

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