C#操作MongoDB数据库方法

using System; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using System.Linq; 4 using MongoDB.Bson; 5 using MongoDB.Driver; 6 using MongoDB.Driver.Builders; 7 using MongoDbTest.Models; 8 9 namespace MongoDbTest 10 { 11 /// <summary> 12 /// MongoDB帮助类 13 /// </summary> 14 internal static class MongoDbHepler 15 { 16 /// <summary> 17 /// 获取数据库实例对象 18 /// </summary> 19 /// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接串</param> 20 /// <param name="dbName">数据库名称</param> 21 /// <returns>数据库实例对象</returns> 22 private static MongoDatabase GetDatabase(string connectionString, string dbName) 23 { 24 var server = MongoServer.Create(connectionString); 25 return server.GetDatabase(dbName); 26 } 27 28 #region 新增 29 30 /// <summary> 31 /// 插入一条记录 32 /// </summary> 33 /// <typeparam name="T">数据类型</typeparam> 34 /// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接串</param> 35 /// <param name="dbName">数据名称</param> 36 /// <param name="collectionName">集合名称</param> 37 /// <param name="model">数据对象</param> 38 public static void Insert<T>(string connectionString, string dbName, string collectionName, T model) where T : EntityBase 39 { 40 if (model == null) 41 { 42 throw new ArgumentNullException("model", "待插入数据不能为空"); 43 } 44 var db = GetDatabase(connectionString, dbName); 45 var collection = db.GetCollection<T>(collectionName); 46 collection.Insert(model); 47 } 48 49 #endregion 50 51 #region 更新 52 53 /// <summary> 54 /// 更新数据 55 /// </summary> 56 /// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接串</param> 57 /// <param name="dbName">数据库名称</param> 58 /// <param name="collectionName">集合名称</param> 59 /// <param name="query">查询条件</param> 60 /// <param name="dictUpdate">更新字段</param> 61 public static void Update(string connectionString, string dbName, string collectionName, IMongoQuery query, Dictionary<string, BsonValue> dictUpdate) 62 { 63 var db = GetDatabase(connectionString, dbName); 64 var collection = db.GetCollection(collectionName); 65 var update = new UpdateBuilder(); 66 if (dictUpdate != null && dictUpdate.Count > 0) 67 { 68 foreach (var item in dictUpdate) 69 { 70 update.Set(item.Key, item.Value); 71 } 72 } 73 var d = collection.Update(query, update, UpdateFlags.Multi); 74 } 75 76 #endregion 77 78 #region 查询 79 80 /// <summary> 81 /// 根据ID获取数据对象 82 /// </summary> 83 /// <typeparam name="T">数据类型</typeparam> 84 /// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接串</param> 85 /// <param name="dbName">数据库名称</param> 86 /// <param name="collectionName">集合名称</param> 87 /// <param name="id">ID</param> 88 /// <returns>数据对象</returns> 89 public static T GetById<T>(string connectionString, string dbName, string collectionName, ObjectId id) 90 where T : EntityBase 91 { 92 var db = GetDatabase(connectionString, dbName); 93 var collection = db.GetCollection<T>(collectionName); 94 return collection.FindOneById(id); 95 } 96 97 /// <summary> 98 /// 根据查询条件获取一条数据 99 /// </summary> 100 /// <typeparam name="T">数据类型</typeparam> 101 /// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接串</param> 102 /// <param name="dbName">数据库名称</param> 103 /// <param name="collectionName">集合名称</param> 104 /// <param name="query">查询条件</param> 105 /// <returns>数据对象</returns> 106 public static T GetOneByCondition<T>(string connectionString, string dbName, string collectionName, IMongoQuery query) 107 where T : EntityBase 108 { 109 var db = GetDatabase(connectionString, dbName); 110 var collection = db.GetCollection<T>(collectionName); 111 return collection.FindOne(query); 112 } 113 114 /// <summary> 115 /// 根据查询条件获取多条数据 116 /// </summary> 117 /// <typeparam name="T">数据类型</typeparam> 118 /// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接串</param> 119 /// <param name="dbName">数据库名称</param> 120 /// <param name="collectionName">集合名称</param> 121 /// <param name="query">查询条件</param> 122 /// <returns>数据对象集合</returns> 123 public static List<T> GetManyByCondition<T>(string connectionString, string dbName, string collectionName, IMongoQuery query) 124 where T : EntityBase 125 { 126 var db = GetDatabase(connectionString, dbName); 127 var collection = db.GetCollection<T>(collectionName); 128 return collection.Find(query).ToList(); 129 } 130 131 /// <summary> 132 /// 根据集合中的所有数据 133 /// </summary> 134 /// <typeparam name="T">数据类型</typeparam> 135 /// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接串</param> 136 /// <param name="dbName">数据库名称</param> 137 /// <param name="collectionName">集合名称</param> 138 /// <returns>数据对象集合</returns> 139 public static List<T> GetAll<T>(string connectionString, string dbName, string collectionName) 140 where T : EntityBase 141 { 142 var db = GetDatabase(connectionString, dbName); 143 var collection = db.GetCollection<T>(collectionName); 144 return collection.FindAll().ToList(); 145 } 146 147 #endregion 148 149 #region 删除 150 151 /// <summary> 152 /// 删除集合中符合条件的数据 153 /// </summary> 154 /// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接串</param> 155 /// <param name="dbName">数据库名称</param> 156 /// <param name="collectionName">集合名称</param> 157 /// <param name="query">查询条件</param> 158 public static void DeleteByCondition(string connectionString, string dbName, string collectionName, IMongoQuery query) 159 { 160 var db = GetDatabase(connectionString, dbName); 161 var collection = db.GetCollection(collectionName); 162 collection.Remove(query); 163 } 164 165 /// <summary> 166 /// 删除集合中的所有数据 167 /// </summary> 168 /// <param name="connectionString">数据库连接串</param> 169 /// <param name="dbName">数据库名称</param> 170 /// <param name="collectionName">集合名称</param> 171 public static void DeleteAll(string connectionString, string dbName, string collectionName) 172 { 173 var db = GetDatabase(connectionString, dbName); 174 var collection = db.GetCollection(collectionName); 175 collection.RemoveAll(); 176 } 177 178 #endregion 179 180 } 181 } View Code

    3、编写测试类

    （1）配置数据库参数

    在配置文件中编写数据库连接串和数据库名称。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <appSettings>
    <!--MongoDB数据库连接串-->
    <add key="MongoDBConn" value="mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017"/>
    <!--MongoDB数据库名称-->
    <add key="MongoDBName" value="mydb"/>
  </appSettings> 
    <startup> 
        <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.5" />
    </startup>
</configuration>

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    将其写入C#代码中：

using System.Configuration;

namespace MongoDbTest
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 数据库配置参数
    /// </summary>
    internal static class DbConfigParams
    {
        private static string _conntionString = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["MongoDBConn"];

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取 数据库连接串
        /// </summary>
        public static string ConntionString
        {
            get { return _conntionString; }
        }

        private static string _dbName = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["MongoDBName"];

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取 数据库名称
        /// </summary>
        public static string DbName
        {
            get { return _dbName; }
        }
    }
}

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    另外，将集合名称写到C#代码中作为字符串常量：

namespace MongoDbTest
{
    public class CollectionNames
    {
        public const string User = "User";

        public const string Student = "Student";
    }
}

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    （2）编写实体类

    首先，编写实体基类，其中含有默认的Id：

using MongoDB.Bson;
using MongoDB.Bson.Serialization.Attributes;

namespace MongoDbTest.Models
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 实体基类
    /// </summary>
    public class EntityBase
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 主键
        /// </summary>
        [BsonId]
        public ObjectId Id { get; set; }
    }
}

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    然后，编写实体类：

namespace MongoDbTest.Models
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 学生类
    /// </summary>
    public class Student : EntityBase
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取 姓名
        /// </summary>
        public string Name { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取 年龄
        /// </summary>
        public int Age { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取 状态
        /// </summary>
        public State State { get; set; }
    }
}

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    其中，State枚举类定义如下：

namespace MongoDbTest.Models
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 状态
    /// </summary>
    public enum State
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 全部
        /// </summary>
        All = 0,

        /// <summary>
        /// 正常
        /// </summary>
        Normal = 1,

        /// <summary>
        /// 未使用
        /// </summary>
        Unused = 2,
    }
}

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    （3）编写测试代码

    在主程序中编写测试代码：

  1 using System;
  2 using System.Collections.Generic;
  3 using MongoDB.Bson;
  4 using MongoDB.Driver.Builders;
  5 using MongoDbTest.Models;
  6 
  7 namespace MongoDbTest
  8 {
  9     class Program
 10     {
 11         static void Main(string[] args)
 12         {
 13             Console.Title = "Mongo DB Test";
 14             InsertTest();
 15             //QueryTest();
 16             //UpdateTest();
 17             DeleteTest();
 18 
 19             Console.WriteLine("Finish!");
 20 
 21             Console.ReadLine();
 22         }
 23 
 24         /// <summary>
 25         /// 插入数据测试
 26         /// </summary>
 27         static void InsertTest()
 28         {
 29             var random = new Random();
 30             for (var i = 1; i <= 10; i++)
 31             {
 32                 var item = new Student()
 33                 {
 34                     Name = "我的名字" + i,
 35                     Age = random.Next(25, 30),
 36                     State = i%2 == 0 ? State.Normal : State.Unused
 37                 };
 38                 MongoDbHepler.Insert(DbConfigParams.ConntionString, DbConfigParams.DbName, CollectionNames.Student, item);
 39             }
 40         }
 41 
 42         /// <summary>
 43         /// 查询测试
 44         /// </summary>
 45         static void QueryTest()
 46         {
 47             var queryBuilder = new QueryBuilder<Student>();
 48             var query = queryBuilder.GTE(x => x.Age, 27);
 49             var ltModel = MongoDbHepler.GetManyByCondition<Student>(DbConfigParams.ConntionString, DbConfigParams.DbName,
 50                 CollectionNames.Student, query);
 51             if (ltModel != null && ltModel.Count > 0)
 52             {
 53                 foreach (var item in ltModel)
 54                 {
 55                     Console.WriteLine("姓名：{0}，年龄：{1}，状态：{2}",
 56                         item.Name, item.Age, GetStateDesc(item.State));
 57                 }
 58             }
 59         }
 60 
 61         /// <summary>
 62         /// 更新测试
 63         /// </summary>
 64         static void UpdateTest()
 65         {
 66             var queryBuilder = new QueryBuilder<Student>();
 67             var query = queryBuilder.GTE(x => x.Age, 27);
 68             var dictUpdate = new Dictionary<string, BsonValue>();
 69             dictUpdate["State"] = State.Unused;
 70             MongoDbHepler.Update(DbConfigParams.ConntionString, DbConfigParams.DbName, CollectionNames.Student, query,
 71                 dictUpdate);
 72         }
 73 
 74         /// <summary>
 75         /// 删除测试
 76         /// </summary>
 77         static void DeleteTest()
 78         {
 79             var queryBuilder = new QueryBuilder<Student>();
 80             var query = queryBuilder.GTE(x => x.Age, 28);
 81             MongoDbHepler.DeleteByCondition(DbConfigParams.ConntionString, DbConfigParams.DbName, CollectionNames.Student, query);
 82         }
 83 
 84         /// <summary>
 85         /// 获取状态描述
 86         /// </summary>
 87         /// <param name="state">状态</param>
 88         /// <returns>状态描述</returns>
 89         static string GetStateDesc(State state)
 90         {
 91             string result = string.Empty;
 92             switch (state)
 93             {
 94                 case State.All:
 95                     result = "全部";
 96                     break;
 97                 case State.Normal:
 98                     result = "正常";
 99                     break;
100                 case State.Unused:
101                     result = "未使用";
102                     break;
103                 default:
104                     throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("state");
105             }
106             return result;
107         }
108     }
109 }

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C#操作MongoDB数据库方法

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