时间：2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过：5人阅读
standby数据库
set SQLPROMPT StandBy>
确保primary数据库运行在归档模式
Primary>archive log list Database log mode No Archive Mode Automatic archival Disabled Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST Oldest online log sequence 5 Current log sequence 7 Primary>shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. Primary>startup mount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 3290345472 bytes Fixed Size 2217832 bytes Variable Size 1795164312 bytes Database Buffers 1476395008 bytes Redo Buffers 16568320 bytes Database mounted. Primary>alter database archivelog; Database altered. Primary>alter database open; Database altered. Primary>archive log list Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST Oldest online log sequence 5 Next log sequence to archive 7 Current log sequence 7 Primary>
开启强制日志
Primary>select force_logging from v$database;
FOR
---
NO
Primary>alter database force logging;
Database altered.
为了和Primary库保存相同的结构，我们需要在Standby数据库建立相同的目录，首先查询现有Primary数据库的相关目录
Primary>col name for a30 Primary>col value for a100 Primary>select name ,value from v$parameter where name in (‘audit_file_dest‘,‘background_dump_dest‘,‘control_files‘,‘core_dump_dest‘,‘user_dump_dest‘) ORDER BY name ASC; NAME VALUE ------------------------------ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------audit_file_dest /usr/oracle/app/admin/orcl/adump background_dump_dest /usr/oracle/app/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace control_files /usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl, /usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl core_dump_dest /usr/oracle/app/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/cdump user_dump_dest /usr/oracle/app/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace
在standby数据库服务器创建相同的目录
[oracle@oracledb ~]$ mkdir -p /usr/oracle/app/admin/orcl/adump [oracle@oracledb ~]$ mkdir -p /usr/oracle/app/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace [oracle@oracledb ~]$ mkdir -p /usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl [oracle@oracledb ~]$ mkdir -p /usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/orcl [oracle@oracledb ~]$ mkdir -p /usr/oracle/app/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/ [oracle@oracledb ~]$ mkdir -p /usr/oracle/app/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace
方法一： 直接从Primary数据库复制密钥文件过来
[oracle@oracledb dbs]$ scp orapworcl 172.17.22.17:/usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs oracle@172.17.22.17‘s password: orapworcl 100% 1536 1.5KB/s 00:00 [oracle@oracledb dbs]$
方法二： orapwd生成
orapwd FILE=/usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapworcl password=wangshengzhuang entries=30;
在Primary端根据spfile生产pfile
Primary>create pfile from spfile;
File created.
修改Primary端的pfile内容如下
orcl.__db_cache_size=1476395008 orcl.__java_pool_size=16777216 orcl.__large_pool_size=16777216 orcl.__oracle_base=‘/usr/oracle/app‘#ORACLE_BASE set from environment orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=1325400064 orcl.__sga_target=1979711488 orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0 orcl.__shared_pool_size=436207616 orcl.__streams_pool_size=0 *.audit_file_dest=‘/usr/oracle/app/admin/orcl/adump‘ *.audit_trail=‘db‘ *.compatible=‘11.2.0.0.0‘ *.control_files=‘/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl‘,‘/usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl‘ *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain=‘‘ *.db_name=‘orcl‘ *.db_recovery_file_dest=‘/usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area‘ *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4070572032 *.diagnostic_dest=‘/usr/oracle/app‘ *.dispatchers=‘(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)‘ *.memory_target=3299868672 *.nls_language=‘SIMPLIFIED CHINESE‘ *.nls_territory=‘CHINA‘ *.open_cursors=300 *.processes=150 *.remote_login_passwordfile=‘EXCLUSIVE‘ *.undo_tablespace=‘UNDOTBS1‘ *.DB_UNIQUE_NAME=db_primary *.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG=‘DG_CONFIG=(db_primary,db_standby)‘ *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=‘SERVICE=tns_standby ARCH VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=db_standby‘ *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=DEFER *.FAL_SERVER=tns_standby *.FAL_CLIENT=tns_primary *.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
Primary端重新启动
Primary>create spfile from pfile; File created. Primary>startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 3290345472 bytes Fixed Size 2217832 bytes Variable Size 1795164312 bytes Database Buffers 1476395008 bytes Redo Buffers 16568320 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. Primary>show parameter fal NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------ fal_client string tns_primary fal_server string tns_standby
复制生成的initorcl.ora到standby的$ORACLE_HOME/dbs目录下，
[oracle@oracledb dbs]$ pwd /usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs [oracle@oracledb dbs]$ scp initorcl.ora 172.17.22.17:/usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs The authenticity of host ‘172.17.22.17 (172.17.22.17)‘ can‘t be established. RSA key fingerprint is 72:28:f5:f9:9c:f8:49:23:48:6d:9d:d4:0e:0c:89:71. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added ‘172.17.22.17‘ (RSA) to the list of known hosts. oracle@172.17.22.17‘s password: initorcl.ora 100% 1291 1.3KB/s 00:00 [oracle@oracledb dbs]$
修改standbyd端的initorcl.ora文件，内容如下
orcl.__db_cache_size=1476395008 orcl.__java_pool_size=16777216 orcl.__large_pool_size=16777216 orcl.__oracle_base=‘/usr/oracle/app‘#ORACLE_BASE set from environment orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=1325400064 orcl.__sga_target=1979711488 orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0 orcl.__shared_pool_size=436207616 orcl.__streams_pool_size=0 *.audit_file_dest=‘/usr/oracle/app/admin/orcl/adump‘ *.audit_trail=‘db‘ *.compatible=‘11.2.0.0.0‘ *.control_files=‘/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl‘,‘/usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl‘ *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain=‘‘ *.db_name=‘orcl‘ *.db_recovery_file_dest=‘/usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area‘ *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4070572032 *.diagnostic_dest=‘/usr/oracle/app‘ *.dispatchers=‘(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)‘ *.memory_target=3299868672 *.nls_language=‘SIMPLIFIED CHINESE‘ *.nls_territory=‘CHINA‘ *.open_cursors=300 *.processes=150 *.remote_login_passwordfile=‘EXCLUSIVE‘ *.undo_tablespace=‘UNDOTBS1‘ *.DB_UNIQUE_NAME=db_standby *.LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG=‘DG_CONFIG=(db_primary,db_standby)‘ *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2=‘SERVICE=tns_primary ARCH VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=db_primary‘ *.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE *.FAL_SERVER=tns_primary *.FAL_CLIENT=tns_standby *.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO
通过复制的pfile创建Standby数据库的spfile
StandBy> create spfile from pfile;
File created.
启动到nomount环境
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 3290345472 bytes
Fixed Size 2217832 bytes
Variable Size 1795164312 bytes
Database Buffers 1476395008 bytes
Redo Buffers 16568320 bytes
Primary端监听
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.22.16)(PORT = 1521)) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /usr/oracle/app
StandBy端监听（配置了静态监听 服务名GLOBAL_DBNAME = StandBy）
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = StandBy) (ORACLE_HOME =/usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1) (SID_NAME = orcl) ) ) LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521)) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.22.17)(PORT = 1521)) ) ) ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /usr/oracle/app
启动standby端监听
[oracle@oracledb admin]$ lsnrctl start LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 23-DEC-2015 15:48:15 Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Starting /usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait... TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production System parameter file is /usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora Log messages written to /usr/oracle/app/diag/tnslsnr/oracledb/listener/alert/log.xml Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=172.17.22.17)(PORT=1521))) Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) STATUS of the LISTENER ------------------------ Alias LISTENER Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production Start Date 23-DEC-2015 15:48:16 Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec Trace Level off Security ON: Local OS Authentication SNMP OFF Listener Parameter File /usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora Listener Log File /usr/oracle/app/diag/tnslsnr/oracledb/listener/alert/log.xml Listening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=172.17.22.17)(PORT=1521))) Services Summary... Service "StandBy" has 1 instance(s). Instance "orcl", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service... The command completed successfully
Primary端和StandBy端都要进行如下配置：
tns_primary = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.22.16)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = db_primary) ) ) tns_standby = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.22.17)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME =StandBy ) ) )
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SERVICE_NAME 的值参考lsnrctl的输出，确保用sqlplus工具或者navicact工具能够连接SERVICE_NAME
因为fal_server 会使用服务名，如果配置不正确，这归档日志无法正常发送
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在primary端和standby端都进行测试（为了角色切换）
[oracle@oracledb admin]$ tnsping tns_primary TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 23-DEC-2015 15:48:44 Copyright (c) 1997, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Used parameter files: /usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.22.16)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl))) OK (0 msec) [oracle@oracledb admin]$ tnsping tns_standby TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 23-DEC-2015 15:48:49 Copyright (c) 1997, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved. Used parameter files: /usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.17.22.17)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl))) OK (0 msec)
rman连接两个数据库
[oracle@oracledb admin]$ rman target sys/wangshengzhuang@tns_primary auxiliary sys/wangshengzhuang@tns_standby Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Dec 23 16:11:51 2015 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1426832466) connected to auxiliary database: ORCL (not mounted)
开始复制
RMAN> DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE FOR STANDBY FROM ACTIVE DATABASE DORECOVER NOFILENAMECHECK; Starting Duplicate Db at 23-DEC-15 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03002: failure of Duplicate Db command at 12/23/2015 16:13:38 RMAN-05541: no archived logs found in target database
primary端切换下日志，重写执行rman duplicate即可
SYS@orcl>alter system switch logfile; System altered. SYS@orcl>quit Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options [oracle@oracledb admin]$ rman target sys/wangshengzhuang@tns_primary auxiliary sys/wangshengzhuang@tns_standby Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Dec 23 16:14:59 2015 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1426832466) connected to auxiliary database: ORCL (not mounted) RMAN> DUPLICATE TARGET DATABASE FOR STANDBY FROM ACTIVE DATABASE DORECOVER NOFILENAMECHECK; Starting Duplicate Db at 23-DEC-15 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1 channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=18 device type=DISK contents of Memory Script: { backup as copy reuse targetfile ‘/usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapworcl‘ auxiliary format ‘/usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapworcl‘ ; } executing Memory Script Starting backup at 23-DEC-15 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=39 device type=DISK Finished backup at 23-DEC-15 contents of Memory Script: { backup as copy current controlfile for standby auxiliary format ‘/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl‘; restore clone controlfile to ‘/usr/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl‘ from ‘/usr/oracle/app/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl‘; } executing Memory Script Starting backup at 23-DEC-15 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy copying standby control file output file name=/usr/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/snapcf_orcl.f tag=TAG20151223T161504 RECID=1 STAMP=899223305 channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished backup at 23-DEC-15