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mysql5.6 TIME,DATETIME,TIMESTAMP

时间:2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过:2人阅读

DATETIME范围 : ‘1000-01-01 00:00:00.000000‘ to ‘9999-12-31 23:59:59.999999‘

TIMESTAMP范围:  ‘1970-01-01 00:00:01.000000‘ to‘2038-01-19 03:14:07.999999‘

 TIME 范围:         ‘-838:59:59.000000’ to ‘838:59:59.000000‘.

CREATE TABLE `b` (
  `a` char(4) DEFAULT NULL,
  `b` datetime(2) DEFAULT NULL,
  `c` char(4) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

mysql> insert into b select "aaaa",now(2),"aaaa";
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.17 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from b;
+------+------------------------+------+
| a    | b                      | c    |
+------+------------------------+------+
| aaaa | 2016-06-26 06:06:01.11 | aaaa |
+------+------------------------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
[root@localhost test]# hexdump -C b.ibd
0000bff0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  2e 79 d4 a4 00 32 f0 1e  |.........y...2..|
0000c000  b7 5a db ef 00 00 00 03  ff ff ff ff ff ff ff ff  |.Z..............|
0000c010  00 00 00 00 00 32 fa 8f  45 bf 00 00 00 00 00 00  |.....2..E.......|
0000c020  00 00 00 00 00 75 00 02  00 a1 80 03 00 00 00 00  |.....u..........|
0000c030  00 80 00 05 00 00 00 01  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
0000c040  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 95 00 00 00 75 00 00  |.............u..|
0000c050  00 02 00 f2 00 00 00 75  00 00 00 02 00 32 01 00  |.......u.....2..|
0000c060  02 00 1d 69 6e 66 69 6d  75 6d 00 02 00 0b 00 00  |...infimum......|
0000c070  73 75 70 72 65 6d 75 6d  04 04 00 00 00 10 ff f0  |supremum........|
0000c080  00 00 00 00 0e 06 00 00  00 00 76 60 d6 00 00 01  |..........v`....|
0000c090  71 01 10 61 61 61 61 99  99 b4 61 81 0b 61 61 61  |q..aaaa...a..aaa|
0000c0a0  61 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |a...............|
0000c0b0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|


[2016-06-26 06:06:01.11]占用的存储空间:5+1=6
Data Type    Storage Required Before MySQL 5.6.4    Storage Required as of MySQL 5.6.4
YEAR              1 byte                  1 byte
DATE              3 bytes                  3 bytes
TIME              3 bytes                  3 bytes + fractional seconds storage
DATETIME           8 bytes                  5 bytes + fractional seconds storage
TIMESTAMP           4 bytes                  4 bytes + fractional seconds storage

微秒长度:

Fractional Seconds Precision    Storage Required
0                                       0 bytes
1, 2                                    1 byte
3, 4                                    2 bytes
5, 6                                    3 bytes

 

 

1) 5.6 支持指定小数精度

mysql> CREATE TABLE fractest( c1 TIME(2), c2 DATETIME(2), c3 TIMESTAMP(2) );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO fractest VALUES (17:51:04.777, 2014-09-08 17:51:04.777, 2014-09-08 17:51:04.777);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM fractest;
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------+
| c1          | c2                     | c3                     |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------+
| 17:51:04.78 | 2014-09-08 17:51:04.78 | 2014-09-08 17:51:04.78 |
+-------------+------------------------+------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

 

time类型:

mysql> insert into c select "11:20";
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.17 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from c;
+----------+
| a        |
+----------+
| 11:20:00 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)


mysql> insert into c select "-838:59:59.000000";
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.18 sec)
Records: 1 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from c;
+------------+
| a |
+------------+
| 11:20:00 |
| -838:59:59 |
+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

2)5.6.4以前 插入的数据支持微秒,但插入存储的数据会忽略微秒

use test

CREATE TABLE fractest( c1 TIME, c2 DATETIME, c3 TIMESTAMP );
INSERT INTO fractest VALUES (17:51:04.777, 2014-09-08 17:51:04.777, 2014-09-08 17:51:04.777);
SELECT * FROM fractest;

+----------+---------------------+---------------------+
| c1       | c2                  | c3                  |
+----------+---------------------+---------------------+
| 17:51:04 | 2014-09-08 17:51:04 | 2014-09-08 17:51:04 |
+----------+---------------------+---------------------+

 

3)5.6时间函数可以指定微秒精度

mysql> select now(2);
+------------------------+
| now(2)                 |
+------------------------+
| 2016-06-26 05:35:20.57 |
+------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>  select CURTIME(2);
+-------------+
| CURTIME(2)  |
+-------------+
| 05:39:22.91 |
+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select  SYSDATE(3);
+-------------------------+
| SYSDATE(3)              |
+-------------------------+
| 2016-06-26 05:40:24.591 |
+-------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select  UTC_TIMESTAMP(5);
+---------------------------+
| UTC_TIMESTAMP(5)          |
+---------------------------+
| 2016-06-26 12:41:06.24370 |
+---------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

 

4)存储

5.6.4以前,TIME,DATETIME,TIMESTAMP 分别固定占用3,8,4字节

5.6.4以后,TIME,DATETIME,TIMESTAMP占有大小取决于微秒的精度。

TIME 3 bytes + fractional seconds storage
DATETIME 5 bytes + fractional seconds storage
TIMESTAMP 4 bytes + fractional seconds storage

而微秒的存储长度和精度的关系如下

 

Fractional Seconds PrecisionStorage Required
0 0 bytes
1, 2 1 byte
3, 4 2 bytes
5, 6 3 bytes

例如上例中的c1 TIME: 占4字节,c2 DATETIME占6字节,TIMESTAMP 占7字节,TIMESTAMP占用5字节

相关函数可以参考my_datetime_packed_to_binary

 

5)新老时间类型在源码中的表现 

5.6 内部增加了一些新的时间类型

MYSQL_TYPE_TIMESTAMP2

MYSQL_TYPE_DATETIME2,
MYSQL_TYPE_TIME2,

用于支持微秒的存储。

而老的时间类型

MYSQL_TYPE_TIMESTAMP,
MYSQL_TYPE_DATETIME,
MYSQL_TYPE_TIME

仍然保留和支持,从而兼容老的时间数据

 

5.6 新建的表时间字段默认使用新的类型,参考如下代码

sql/sql_yacc.yy:6514

  | DATETIME type_datetime_precision
    { $$= MYSQL_TYPE_DATETIME2; }

 

6)binlog与新时间类型

 binlog的Table_map_log_event中会记录表的元数据信息,包括库,表,列信息等。新时间类型的微秒精度信息就作为列的元数据(m_field_metadata)进行存储。类似的大字段列的列元数据存储大字段的实际长度(Field_blob::do_save_field_metadata)。

 

【问题重现】

1 master 上执行

  use zy

  CREATE TABLE t1 (id int primary key, c1 TIME, c2 DATETIME, c3 TIMESTAMP );

  set sql_log_bin=0;

  alter table t1 modify c3 timestamp(4);

  set sql_log_bin=1;

  INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (10, ‘17:51:04.98887‘, ‘2014-09-08 17:51:04.866666‘, ‘2014-09-08 17:51:04.777‘);

 

2 slave上执行

  show slave status\G        

  Last_Errno: 1677

  Last_Error: Column 3 of table ‘zy.t1‘ cannot be converted from type ‘timestamp‘ to type ‘timestamp‘

 

【分析】

  

1)先尝试修复,修改slave_type_conversions=‘ALL_LOSSY‘;参数slave_type_conversions可以参考 http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/replication-options-slave.html#sysvar_slave_type_conversions 

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 mysql> show variables like ‘slave_type_conversions‘;                                                                                            +------------------------+-------+   | Variable_name          | Value |   +------------------------+-------+   | slave_type_conversions |       |   +------------------------+-------+   1 row in set (0.00 sec)   mysql> set global slave_type_conversions=‘ALL_LOSSY‘;   Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)    show slave status\G     Last_Errno: 1610     Last_Error: Could not execute Write_rows event on table zy.t1; Corrupted replication event was detected, Error_code: 1610; handler error No Error!; the event‘s master log mysql-bin.000002, end_log_pos 550

  

 发现备库用备库的表结构信息解析binlog行数据(unpack_row)时出错,因此,此方法修复失败。

 

2)查看源码:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 Rows_log_event::do_apply_event     table_def::compatible_with      can_convert_field_to     ....           if (field->real_type() == source_type)//本例主备类型一致     {       if (metadata == 0) // Metadata can only be zero if no metadata was provided  // 本例主库精度为4       {         /*           If there is no metadata, we either have an old event where no           metadata were supplied, or a type that does not require any           metadata. In either case, conversion can be done but no           conversion table is necessary.          */         DBUG_PRINT( "debug" , ("Base types are identical, but there is no metadata"));         *order_var= 0;         DBUG_RETURN( true );       }            DBUG_PRINT( "debug" , ("Base types are identical, doing field size comparison"));       if (field->compatible_field_size(metadata, rli, mflags, order_var))         DBUG_RETURN(is_conversion_ok(*order_var, rli));       else         DBUG_RETURN( false );     }      else if (metadata == 0 && //这里有对新老时间类型的兼容处理              ((field->real_type() == MYSQL_TYPE_TIMESTAMP2 &&                source_type == MYSQL_TYPE_TIMESTAMP) ||               (field->real_type() == MYSQL_TYPE_TIME2 &&                source_type == MYSQL_TYPE_TIME) ||               (field->real_type() == MYSQL_TYPE_DATETIME2 &&                source_type == MYSQL_TYPE_DATETIME)))     {       /*         TS-TODO: conversion from FSP1>FSP2.         Can do non-lossy conversion         from old TIME, TIMESTAMP, DATETIME         to new TIME(0), TIMESTAMP(0), DATETIME(0).       */       *order_var= -1;       DBUG_RETURN( true);     }

  上面代码进行类型兼容性判断,本例由于精度不一致在is_conversion_ok处会返回失败。

mysql5.6 TIME,DATETIME,TIMESTAMP

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