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基础sql语句

时间:2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过:2人阅读

------------------------------------------------- // 创建数据库 create database databaseName; e.g:create database sample; // 显示数据库状态 status; // 使用数据库 use databaseName; // 删除整个数据库 drop database databaseName; --------------------------------------------------- // 创建数据库表 create table tableName(cols); e.g: create table students ( id int unsigned not null auto_increment primary key, name char(8) not null, sex char(4) not null, age tinyint unsigned not null, tel char(13) null default "-" ); // 重命名表 alter table tableName rename new_tableName; e.g:alter table students rename workmates; // 删除表 drop table tableName; // 删除表中的数据 delete from tableName where [condition]; e.g:delete from students where id=2; // 显示表 show tables; // 显示表结构 describe tableName; e.g:describe students; --------------------------------------------------- // 插入表数据 insert into tableName values(cols); e.g: insert into students values(NULL, "王刚", "男", 20, "13811371377"); // 查询表数据 select colName1, colName2 from tableName where [conditions]; e.g: select name, age from students where age>18; // 更新表数据 update tableName set colName=new_value where [condition]; e.g:update students set age=23 where id=2; // 修改表结构 // 添加列 alter table tableName add colName col_dataType [after colName]; e.g:alter table students add birthday date after age; e.g:alter table students add address char(60); // 修改列 alter table tableName change colName new_colName col_dataType; e.g:alter table students change name name char(16) not null; // 删除列 alter table tableName drop colName; e.g:alter table students drop birthday; --------------------------------------------------- // 日期操作:date_add和date_sub. mysql> select * from students; +----+--------+-----+-----+------------+-------------+--------------+ | id | name | sex | age | birthday | tel | address | +----+--------+-----+-----+------------+-------------+--------------+ | 1 | 杨家将 || 26 | 2016-07-28 | 12345678901 | 喝粥大学 | | 2 | 刘姥姥 || 25 | 2016-06-03 | 12121212121 | 吃饭大学 | +----+--------+-----+-----+------------+-------------+--------------+ // 查询以当前时间为原点,以birthday为查询标的,向前向后延伸150days的所有记录. select name from students where date_sub(now(), interval 150 day) <=birthday; // 查询以2016-07-01为原点,以birthday为查询标的,向前向后延伸20days的所有记录. select name from students where date_sub(2016-07-01, interval 20 day) <=birthday; // 以2016-07-23为原点,以birthday为查询标的,向前向后延伸30days的所有记录Records, 查询不在Records记录中的其他记录. select name from students where date_sub(2016-07-01, interval 30 day) >birthday; // 以2016-06-01增加30days所得到的时间点为OriginDay,查询在OriginDay时间之后的所有记录. select name from students where date_add(2016-06-01, interval 30 day) <=birthday; // 以2016-06-01增加30days所得到的时间点为OriginDay,查询在OriginDay时间之前的所有记录. select name from students where date_add(2016-06-01, interval 30 day) > birthday; // 查询两个日期之间的记录. select * from students where birthday between 2016-06-11 and 2016-07-29; ---------------------------------------------------

 

 

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基础sql语句

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