JPA在MySQL中自动建表

<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> </dependencies>

 

现在，可以对实体对象进行建模和持久化设计。

用户实体建模，其中User与Role的多对多关系使用一个关系表user_role来存储：

package com.demo.mysql.entity;

import org.springframework.format.annotation.DateTimeFormat;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

@Entity
@Table(name = "user")
public class User implements java.io.Serializable{
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;
    private String name;
    @DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
    private Date createdate;

    @ManyToMany(cascade = {}, fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
    @JoinTable(name = "user_role",
            joinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "user_id")},
            inverseJoinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "roles_id")})
    private List<Role> roles;

    public User() {
    }

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Date getCreatedate() {
        return createdate;
    }

    public void setCreatedate(Date createdate) {
        this.createdate = createdate;
    }

    public List<Role> getRoles() {
        return roles;
    }

    public void setRoles(List<Role> roles) {
        this.roles = roles;
    }
}

 

角色建模：

package com.demo.mysql.entity;

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity
@Table(name = "role")
public class Role implements java.io.Serializable{
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;
    private String name;

    public Role() {
    }

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

 

用户实体持久化：

package com.demo.mysql.repository;

import com.demo.mysql.entity.User;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
}

 

角色实体持久化：

package com.demo.mysql.repository;

import com.demo.mysql.entity.Role;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository
public interface RoleRepository extends JpaRepository<Role, Long> {
}

 

JPA及数据源配置，注意其中一行“hibernateProperties.setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", "update");”，将Hibernate的自动处理设置为“update”，表示表结构更改时即进行更新：

package com.demo.mysql.test;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.Database;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.Properties;

@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = "com.**.repository")
public class JpaConfiguration {

    @Bean
    PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor persistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor(){
        return new PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor();
    }

    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource() {
        DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
        dataSource.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf8");
        dataSource.setUsername("root");
        dataSource.setPassword("12345678");

        return dataSource;
    }

    @Bean
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory() {
        LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactoryBean = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
        entityManagerFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource());
        entityManagerFactoryBean.setPackagesToScan("com.**.entity");
        entityManagerFactoryBean.setJpaProperties(buildHibernateProperties());
        entityManagerFactoryBean.setJpaVendorAdapter(new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter() {{
            setDatabase(Database.MYSQL);
        }});
        return entityManagerFactoryBean;
    }

    protected Properties buildHibernateProperties()
    {
        Properties hibernateProperties = new Properties();

        hibernateProperties.setProperty("hibernate.dialect", "org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect");
        hibernateProperties.setProperty("hibernate.show_sql", "true");
        hibernateProperties.setProperty("hibernate.use_sql_comments", "false");
        hibernateProperties.setProperty("hibernate.format_sql", "true");
        hibernateProperties.setProperty("hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto", "update");
        hibernateProperties.setProperty("hibernate.generate_statistics", "false");
        hibernateProperties.setProperty("javax.persistence.validation.mode", "none");
        
        hibernateProperties.setProperty("org.hibernate.envers.store_data_at_delete", "true");
        hibernateProperties.setProperty("org.hibernate.envers.global_with_modified_flag", "true");

        return hibernateProperties;
    }

    @Bean
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {
        return new JpaTransactionManager();
    }

    @Bean
    public TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate() {
        return new TransactionTemplate(transactionManager());
    }
}

 

测试用例：

package com.demo.mysql.test;

import com.demo.mysql.entity.Role;
import com.demo.mysql.entity.User;
import com.demo.mysql.repository.RoleRepository;
import com.demo.mysql.repository.UserRepository;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.PageRequest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.util.Assert;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {JpaConfiguration.class})
public class MysqlTest {
    @Autowired
    UserRepository userRepository;
    @Autowired
    RoleRepository roleRepository;

    @Before
    public void initData(){
        Role role = new Role();
        role.setName("admins");
        roleRepository.save(role);
        Assert.notNull(role.getId());

        User user = new User();
        user.setName("user");
        user.setCreatedate(new Date());

        List<Role> roles = roleRepository.findAll();
        roles.add(role);
        user.setRoles(roles);

        userRepository.save(user);
        Assert.notNull(user.getId());
    }

    @Test
    public void findPage(){
        Pageable pageable = new PageRequest(0, 10, new Sort(Sort.Direction.ASC, "id"));
        Page<User> page = userRepository.findAll(pageable);
        Assert.notNull(page);
    }
}

 

运行通过，在数据库test中即可以看到生成的表，并且具有上面的一些测试数据，如下图：

(原文：https://my.oschina.net/syic/blog/798994)

JPA在MySQL中自动建表

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