二进制包安装MySQL数据库

1.1.1 安装前准备(规范)

[root@Mysql_server ~]# mkdir -p /home/shangbao_zhangdc/tools  ##创建指定工具包存放路径
[root@Mysql_server ~]# wget http://ftp.ntu.edu.tw/pub/MySQL/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.32-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz  ##下二进制包,这个链接失效了，请自行去官网下载
[root@Mysql_server tools]# tar xf mysql-5.5.57-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz   ##我下的是5.5.57解压Mysql包
[root@Mysql_server tools]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql  ##创建mysql用户
[root@Mysql_server tools]# id mysql
uid=501(mysql) gid=501(mysql) groups=501(mysql)
[root@Mysql_server ~]# mkdir /application/
[root@Mysql_server home]# mv /home/shangbao_zhangdc/tools/mysql-5.5.57-linux2.6-x86_64 /application/mysql-5.5.57 
[root@Mysql_server tools]# ll /application/
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 4096 Dec 13 14:31 mysql-5.5.57
[root@Mysql_server tools]# ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.57/ /application/mysql  ##设置软链接
[root@Mysql_server tools]# ll /application/
total 4
lrwxrwxrwx.  1 root root   26 Dec 13 14:39 mysql -> /application/mysql-5.5.57/
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 4096 Dec 13 14:31 mysql-5.5.57
[root@Mysql_server tools]# ll /application/mysql/
total 76
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 bin
-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel 17987 Jun 19  2013 COPYING
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 data
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:30 docs
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 include
-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel  7470 Jun 19  2013 INSTALL-BINARY
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 lib
drwxr-xr-x.  4 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 man
drwxr-xr-x. 10 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 mysql-test
-rw-r--r--.  1 7161 wheel  2496 Jun 19  2013 README
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 scripts
drwxr-xr-x. 27 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 share
drwxr-xr-x.  4 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 sql-bench
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root   4096 Dec 13 14:31 support-files

1.1.2 初始化数据库

 1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# /application/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/application/mysql/ --datadir=/application/mysql/data/ --user=mysql  ##初始化数据库
 2 Installing MySQL system tables...
 3 OK
 4 Filling help tables...
 5 OK
 6 [root@Mysql_server tools]# ll /application/mysql/data/  ##查看初始化结果
 7 total 12
 8 drwx------. 2 mysql root  4096 Dec 13 14:45 mysql
 9 drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Dec 13 14:45 performance_schema
10 drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql root  4096 Dec 13 14:31 test

1 [root@Mysql_server ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /application/mysql/
2 [root@Mysql_server ~]# ll /application/mysql
3 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 26 Dec 13 14:39 /application/mysql -> /application/mysql-5.5.57/

1.1.4 生成Mysql配置文件

[root@Mysql_server tools]# \cp /application/mysql/support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf


1.1.5 配置启动Mysql

1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# sed -i ‘s#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g‘ /application/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server 
2 [root@Mysql_server tools]# cp /application/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld  ##将生成的启动脚本拷贝到init.d目录下
3 [root@Mysql_server tools]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld 

1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# lsof -i :3306  ##查询Mysql服务是否开启
2 [root@Mysql_server tools]# 
3 [root@Mysql_server tools]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start  ##启动Mysql服务
4 Starting MySQL.... SUCCESS! 
5 [root@Mysql_server tools]# lsof -i :3306
6 COMMAND  PID  USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
7 mysqld  2235 mysql   10u  IPv4  22761      0t0  TCP *:mysql (LISTEN)
8 [root@Mysql_server tools]# 

1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# cp /application/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/sbin/ ##方法

1.1.8 设置及更改密码

1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# mysqladmin -uroot password 123456   
2 [root@Mysql_server tools]# mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 password zhurui

2.1 数据库管理

 1 [root@Mysql_server tools]# mysql -uroot -p
 2 Enter password: 
 3 Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
 4 Your MySQL connection id is 8
 5 Server version: 5.5.32 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
 6 
 7 Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 8 
 9 Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
10 affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
11 owners.
12 
13 Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
14 
15 mysql> show databases;   ##查看数据库；
16 +--------------------+
17 | Database           |
18 +--------------------+
19 | information_schema |
20 | mysql              |
21 | performance_schema |
22 | test               |
23 +--------------------+
24 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
25 
26 mysql> drop database test;  ##删除test库；
27 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
28 
29 mysql> show databases;    
30 +--------------------+
31 | Database           |
32 +--------------------+
33 | information_schema |
34 | mysql              |
35 | performance_schema |
36 +--------------------+
37 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
38 
39 mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;  ##查看用户列表；
40 +------+---------------+
41 | user | host          |
42 +------+---------------+
43 | root | 127.0.0.1     |
44 | root | ::1           |
45 |      | Mysql\_server |
46 | root | Mysql\_server |
47 |      | localhost     |
48 | root | localhost     |
49 +------+---------------+
50 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
51 
52 mysql> drop user root@‘::1‘;  ##删除无用用户
53 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
54 
55 mysql> drop user ‘‘@‘Mysql\_server‘;      ##对于大写、特殊字符删除不了，下面有介绍
56 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
57 
58 mysql> drop user ‘‘@‘localhost‘;    
59 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
60 
61 mysql> drop user ‘root‘@‘Mysql\_server‘;  对于大写、特殊字符删除不了，下面有介绍
62 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
63 
64 mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
65 +------+---------------+
66 | user | host          |
67 +------+---------------+
68 | root | 127.0.0.1     |
69 |      | Mysql\_server |
70 | root | Mysql\_server |
71 | root | localhost     |
72 +------+---------------+
73 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
74 对于大写、特殊字符删除不了解决办法：
75 mysql> delete from mysql.user where user="" and host="Mysql\_server";
76 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)
77 
78 mysql> delete from mysql.user where user="root" and host="Mysql\_server";
79 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
80 
81 mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;  ##将无用用户删除以后，查看用户列表                               
82 +------+-----------+
83 | user | host      |
84 +------+-----------+
85 | root | 127.0.0.1 |
86 | root | localhost |
87 +------+-----------+
88 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
89 mysql> flush privileges;  ##最后使得权限生效
90 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

创建用户sql语句：

1 mysql> grant all on *.* to ‘root‘@‘localhost‘ identified by ‘123456‘ with grant option;flush privileges;

 1 mysql> update mysql.user set host=‘httpd‘ where host=‘localhost‘ and user=‘root‘;  ##变更用户信息
 2 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.47 sec)
 3 Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
 4 
 5 mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;                                         
 6 +------+-----------+
 7 | user | host      |
 8 +------+-----------+
 9 | root | 127.0.0.1 |
10 | root | httpd     |
11 +------+-----------+
12 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
13 
14 mysql> update mysql.user set host=‘localhost‘ where host=‘httpd‘ and user=‘root‘;         ##修改主机htttpd为localhost 
15 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
16 Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
17 
18 mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;                                         
19 +------+-----------+
20 | user | host      |
21 +------+-----------+
22 | root | 127.0.0.1 |
23 | root | localhost |
24 +------+-----------+
25 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

二进制包安装MySQL数据库

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