时间:2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过:6人阅读
select name,sal
case
when sal <= 2000 THEN ‘过低‘
when sal >= 4000 THEN ‘过高‘
ELSE ‘OK‘
END AS stats FROM emp WHERE deptno = 10;
工资分档次统计人数:
SELECT 档次,count(*) AS 人数
FROM(SELECT (CASE
WHEN sal<=1000 THEN ‘0000-1000‘
WHEN sal<=2000 THEN ‘1000-2000‘
WHEN sal<=3000 THEN ‘2000-3000‘
ELSE ‘好高‘ END) AS 档次,ename,sal FROM emp)
GROUP BY 档次
ORDER BY 1 ;
进行抽查的时候要求只返回两条数据中的第二行
SELECT * FROM(SELECT rownum AS sn,emp.* FROM emp WHERE rownum <=2) WHERE sn=2;
//rownum是一次对数据进行标识,必须先有第一名再有第二名
进行抽查的时候要求只返回两条数据
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE rownum<=2;
从表中随机返回N条记录(用dbms_random 来对数据进行随机排序,然而取其中的三行)
SELECT empno,aname
FROM(SELECT empno,ename FROM emp ORDER BY dbms_random.value())
WHERE rownum <= 3;
常见的模糊查询(查出vname中包含字符串“CED”的)
SELECT * FROM v WHERE vname LIKE ‘%CED%‘;
查出vname中包含字符串“_BCE”的
错误:SELECT * FROM v WHERE vname LIKE ‘_BCE%‘;
正确:SELECT * FROM v WHERE vname LIKE ‘\_BCE%‘ ESCAPE ‘\‘;
因为在LIKE语句中%和_都是通配符,我的理解就是个数不同而已
查出vname包含字符串“_/BCE”
错误:SELECT * FROM v WHERE vname LIKE ‘_\BCE%‘ ESCAPE ‘\‘ ;
正确:SELECT * FROM v WHERE vname LIKE ‘_\\BCE%‘ ESCAPE ‘\‘ ;
结果:_\BCDF
解释:双写转义字符,百分号和下划线的处理方式一样
按照第三列顺序排序:
SELECT EMPNO,ENAME,HIREDATE FROM emp WHERE deptno=10 ORDER BY 3 ASC;
按照部门编号升序,并按工资降序排列:
SELECT empno,deptno,sal,ename,job FROM emp ORDER BY 2 ASC, 3 DESC;
替换字母字符串
SELECT TRANSLATE(‘ab 你好 bcadefg‘ , ‘abcdefg‘ , ‘1234567‘) AS NEW_STR FROM DUAL;
按照字母和数字的混合列中的字母排序 data:6767ADAMS → ename:ADAMS
SELECT data,translate(data,‘-0123456789‘,‘-‘) AS ename FROM v ORDER BY 2 ;
思路:先将列中字母,也就是取出排序的依据另成一列ename,然后在排序,把数字和字母都替换为空;
查询每个月倒数第二天入职的员工信息
select 信息
feom 表
where 时间列= last_day(时间列)-1
查询 last_name 等于chen的manager信息 ---- lower表示把字符都编程小写
select 信息
from 表
where lower(last_name)=‘chen‘
通过一条sql查询自连接
select m.*
from employess e,employess m
where e.manager_id = m.manasger_id and e.last_name = ‘chen‘
通过sql查询子查询
select *
from employess
where employess_id = (
select manager_id
from employess
where last_name = "chen")
查询平均工资高于8000的部门id和平均工资(使用 having 原因就是 where 关键字无法和合计函数一块使用)
select employess_id , avg(salary)
from employess
group by employess_id
HAVING avg(SALARY)>8000
查询平均工资最低的员工信息
select *
from employess
where employess_id = (
select employess_id
from employess
group by employess_id
having salary = min(avg(salary))
)
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