时间：2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过：4人阅读
#1.安装#################
[root@liu ~]# yum install mariadb-server-y ##安装
[root@liu ~]# systemctl start mariadb ##开启
#2.安全初始化###################
*）默认情况下，数据库的网络接口是打开的
为了安全，需要关闭此接口
[root@liu ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@liu ~]# netstat -antlpe | grep mysql
[root@liu ~]# systemctl restart mariadb
*)数据库起始状态设定信息是不安全的，需要做以下设定：
Enter current password for root (enter fornone): ##按回车
Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password: ##设定密码
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
...Success!
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
[root@liu ~]# mysql -uroot -p ##登录
[root@liu ~]# mysql -uroot -predhat ##也可这样登录（不建议）
#3.密码的管理###############
*)修改密码
[root@liu ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -predhatpassword lee ##改密码为lee
[root@liu ~]# mysql -uroot -plee ##登录测试是否更改成功
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 14
Server version: 5.5.44-MariaDB MariaDBServer
*)当超级用户密码忘记时
[root@liu ~]# systemctl stop mariadb ##关闭
[root@liu ~]# mysqld_safe--skip-grant-tables & ##跳过密码验证
[1] 3988
MariaDB [(none)]> update mysql.user setPassword=password(‘redhat‘) where User=‘root‘ ##更新用户密码
-> ;
[root@liu ~]# ps aux | grep mysql
kill -9 mysql的所有进程id ##杀掉进程
[root@liu ~]# systemctl start mariadb ##开启
##测试
#4.数据库的管理###############
*）建立
[root@liu ~]# mysql -uroot -predhat
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW DATABASES; ##列出库
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE westos; ##建立库
MariaDB [(none)]> USE westos; ##进入库
MariaDB [westos]> CREATE TABLE linux( ##建立表
-> username varchar(50) not null, （不可为空）
-> password varchar(50) not null
-> );
MariaDB [westos]> DESC linux; ##查看表结构
MariaDB [westos]> INSERT INTO linuxVALUES (‘lee‘,‘123‘); ##插入数据到linux表中
MariaDB [westos]> SELECT * FROM linux; ##查询所有字段在linux表中
+----------+----------+
| username | password |
+----------+----------+
| lee | 123 |
+----------+----------+
MariaDB [westos]> SELECT USERNAME FROMlinux; ##查询指定字段在linux表中
MariaDB [westos]> SELECT USERNAME,PASSWORD FROM linux; ##逗号隔开指定字段
MariaDB [westos]> INSERT INTO linuxVALUES (‘tom‘,‘123‘);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
*）更改
MariaDB [westos]> SELECTUSERNAME,PASSWORD FROM linux;
+----------+----------+
| USERNAME | PASSWORD |
+----------+----------+
| lee | 123 |
| tom | 123 |
+----------+----------+
MariaDB [westos]> UPDATE linux SETpassword=password(‘tom‘) where username=‘tom‘ ##更改tom密码（加密）
MariaDB [westos]> SELECTUSERNAME,PASSWORD FROM linux;
-+-------------------------------------------+
| USERNAME | PASSWORD |
+----------+-------------------------------------------+
| lee | 123 |
| tom | *71FF744436C7EA1B954F6276121DB5D2BF68FC07 |
+----------+-------------------------------------------+
MariaDB [westos]> ALTER TABLE linux ADDclass varchar(20); ##添加class 字段
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.04 sec)
Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
MariaDB [westos]> SELECT * FROM linux;
+----------+-------------------------------------------+-------+
| username | password | class |
+----------+-------------------------------------------+-------+
| lee | 123 |NULL |
| tom | *71FF744436C7EA1B954F6276121DB5D2BF68FC07 | NULL |
+----------+-------------------------------------------+-------+
MariaDB [westos]> ALTER TABLE linux DROPCLASS; ##删除字段
MariaDB [westos]> ALTER TABLE linux ADDage varchar(20) AFTER username; ##在指定位置加入字段
MariaDB [westos]> SELECT * FROM linux;
+----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| username | age | password |
+----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| lee | NULL | 123 |
| tom | NULL | *71FF744436C7EA1B954F6276121DB5D2BF68FC07 |
+----------+------+-------------------------------------------+
MariaDB [westos]> ALTER TABLE linuxRENAME redhat; ##更改表名为redhat
*)删除
MariaDB [westos]> DELETE FROM linuxwhere username=‘lee‘; ##删除表中lee内容
MariaDB [westos]> DELETE FROM linuxwhere username=‘tom‘; ##删除表中tom内容
MariaDB [westos]> DROP TABLE linux; ##删除表linux
MariaDB [westos]> DROP DATABASEwestos; ##删除库
*）.用户授权
MariaDB [westos]> CREATE USERliu@‘localhost‘ identified by ‘westos‘; ##建立授权用户身份
MariaDB [westos]> GRANT SELECT,INSERT onwestos.* TO lee@localhost; ##授权
MariaDB [westos]> SHOW GRANTS FORlee@localhost; ##查看授权
MariaDB [westos]> REVOKE INSERT ONwestos.* FROM lee@localhost; ##撤销授权
5.数据库的备份##############
mysqldump -uroot -pwestos westos >/mnt/westos.sql ##备份westos数据库
mysqldump -uroot -pwestos westos--no-datacd ##不备份数据
mysqldump -uroot -pwestos--all-database ##备份所有数据库
mysqldump -uroot -pwestos --all-database--no-data ##备份所有数据库框架
恢复方式1
mysql -uroot -pwestos -e "CREATE DATABASE westos;"
mysql -uroot -pwestos westos < /mnt/westos.sql
恢复方式2
vim /mnt/westos.sql
CREATE ADTABASE westos;
USE westos;
mysql -uroot -pwestos < /mnt/westos.sql
6.安装phpmyadmin##########
上传：
[root@liu ~]# yum install php php-mysql -y
[root@liu ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@liu html]# tar jxf phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2
[root@liu html]# ls
admin index.php test virtual
cgi phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages test.html
index.html phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2 tmprequest
[root@liu html]# cd mysqladmin
[root@liu mysqladmin]# cpconfig.sample.inc.php config.inc.php
[root@liu mysqladmin]# vim config.inc.php
17$cfg[‘blowfish_secret‘] = ‘ba17c1ec07d65003‘; /* YOU MUST FILL IN THIS FORC OOKIE AUTH! */
效果：
[root@liu html]# unzip Discuz_X3.2_SC_UTF8.zip
[root@liu html]# ls
admin index.html readme tmprequest virtual
cgi index.php test upload
Discuz_X3.2_SC_UTF8.zip mysqladmin test.html utility
[root@liu html]# chmod 777 upload/ -R ##加权限
[root@liu html]# getenforce
Enforcing
[root@liu html]# setenforce 0 ##调为警告模式
linux-mysql
标签：linux mariadb