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总结关于Mac上使用MySQL一些常见的问题

时间：2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过：13人阅读

问题分析

　　在官方的文档中，对secure_file_priv进行了说明，它用于限制数据的导出。　　

  1. secure_file_priv 为 NULL 时，表示限制mysqld不允许导入或导出。
  2. secure_file_priv 为 /tmp 时，表示限制mysqld只能在/tmp目录中执行导入导出，其他目录不能执行。
  3. secure_file_priv 没有值时，表示不限制mysqld在任意目录的导入导出。

　　在Mysql中输入命令show variables like ‘%secure_file_priv%‘;可以看到默认secure_file_priv = NULL。

 

  1. <span style="color: #000000;">　　mysql> show global variables like ‘%secure_file_priv%‘;
  2. 　　+------------------+-------+
  3. 　　| Variable_name    | Value |
  4. 　　+------------------+-------+
  5. 　　| secure_file_priv | NULL  |
  6. 　　+------------------+-------+</span>

 

 解决办法

　　1. 检查support-files文件夹（路径 /usr/local/mysql/support-files  这是Mac中的隐藏文件夹，在Finder下shift+command+g然后输入路径），是否有my.cnf配置文件，在Mac中好像是默认不存在该文件（具体不清楚），需要我们自己手动配置Mysql。

　　2. （关闭Mysql）需要在 /etc下配置my.cnf，首先 cd /etc，然后手动配置，vim my.cnf，输入以下配置信息。

  1. <span style="color: #000000;">  # Example MySQL config file for medium systems.
  2.   #
  3.   # This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays
  4.   # an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with
  5.   # other programs (such as a web server)
  6.   #
  7.   # MySQL programs look for option files in a set of
  8.   # locations which depend on the deployment platform.
  9.   # You can copy this option file to one of those
  10.   # locations. For information about these locations, see:
  11.   # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html
  12.   #
  13.   # In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
  14.   # If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program
  15.   # with the "--help" option.
  16.   # The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
  17.   [client]
  18.   default-character-set=utf8
  19.   #password   = your_password
  20.   port        = 3306
  21.   socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock
  22.   # Here follows entries for some specific programs
  23.   # The MySQL server
  24. [mysqld]
  25.   character-set-server=utf8
  26.   init_connect=‘SET NAMES utf8
  27.   port        = 3306
  28.   socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock
  29.   skip-external-locking
  30.   key_buffer_size = 16M
  31.   max_allowed_packet = 1M
  32.   table_open_cache = 64
  33.   sort_buffer_size = 512K
  34.   net_buffer_length = 8K
  35.   read_buffer_size = 256K
  36.   read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
  37.   myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
  38.   character-set-server=utf8
  39.   init_connect=‘SET NAMES utf8‘
  40.   secure_file_priv=
  41. # Don‘t listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
  42. # if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
  43. # All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
  44. # Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
  45. # (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
  46. #
  47. #skip-networking
  48.   # Replication Master Server (default)
  49.   # binary logging is required for replication
  50.   log-bin=mysql-bin
  51.     # binary logging format - mixed recommended
  52.     binlog_format=mixed
  53.       # required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
  54.       # defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
  55.       # but will not function as a master if omitted
  56.       server-id   = 1
  57.     # Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)
  58.     #
  59.     # To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between
  60.     # two methods :
  61.     #
  62.     # 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -
  63.     #    the syntax is:
  64.     #
  65.     #    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=</span><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">host</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>, MASTER_PORT=<span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">port</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #000000;">,
  66.     #    MASTER_USER=</span><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">user</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">password</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #000000;"> ;
  67.     #
  68.     #    where you replace </span><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">host</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>, <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">user</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span>, <span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">password</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #000000;"> by quoted strings and
  69.     #    </span><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">port</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #000000;"> by the master‘s port number (3306 by default).
  70.     #
  71.     #    Example:
  72.     #
  73.     #    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘125.564.12.1‘, MASTER_PORT=3306,
  74.     #    MASTER_USER=‘joe‘, MASTER_PASSWORD=‘secret‘;
  75.     #
  76.     # OR
  77.     #
  78.     # 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then
  79.     #    start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example
  80.     #    if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to
  81.     #    connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later
  82.     #    change in this file to the variables‘ values below will be ignored and
  83.     #    overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown
  84.     #    the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.
  85.     #    For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched
  86.     #    (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)
  87.     #
  88.     # required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1
  89.     # (and different from the master)
  90.     # defaults to 2 if master-host is set
  91.     # but will not function as a slave if omitted
  92.     #server-id       = 2
  93.     #
  94.     # The replication master for this slave - required
  95.     #master-host     =   </span><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">hostname</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #000000;">
  96.     #
  97.     # The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting
  98.     # to the master - required
  99.     #master-user     =   </span><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">username</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #000000;">
  100.     #
  101.     # The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to
  102.     # the master - required
  103.     #master-password =   </span><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">password</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #000000;">
  104.     #
  105.     # The port the master is listening on.
  106.     # optional - defaults to 3306
  107.     #master-port     =  </span><span style="color: #0000ff;"><</span><span style="color: #800000;">port</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">></span><span style="color: #000000;">
  108.     #
  109.     # binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended
  110.     #log-bin=mysql-bin
  111.       # Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
  112.       #innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
  113.       #innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
  114.       #innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
  115.       # You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
  116.       # of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
  117.       #innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
  118.       #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M
  119.       # Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
  120.       #innodb_log_file_size = 5M
  121.       #innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
  122.       #innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
  123.       #innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
  124.         [mysqldump]
  125.         quick
  126.         max_allowed_packet = 16M
  127.           [mysql]
  128.           no-auto-rehash
  129.           # Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
  130.           #safe-updates
  131.           default-character-set=utf8
  132.         [myisamchk]
  133.         key_buffer_size = 20M
  134.         sort_buffer_size = 20M
  135.         read_buffer = 2M
  136.         write_buffer = 2M
  137.           [mysqlhotcopy]
  138.           interactive-timeout</span>

　　3. sudo chmod 644 my.cnf，将该配置文件的读写执行权限改为644。（推荐每次修改该配置文件后都重新设置644权限）

　　4. 打开Mysql，输入 show variables like ‘%secure_file_priv%‘;可以看到secure_file_priv = 空。

  1. <span style="color: #000000;">　　mysql> show variables like ‘%secure_file_priv%‘;
  2. 　　+------------------+-------+
  3. 　　| Variable_name    | Value |
  4. 　　+------------------+-------+
  5. 　　| secure_file_priv |       |
  6. 　　+------------------+-------+
  7. 　　1 row in set (0.00 sec)</span>

 

Num2. MySQL导入数据显示“Error code:13. Can‘t get stat of ‘  ’（Permission denied）”解决办法：　

解决办法：

　　　　在解决"secure-file-priv"问题后，导入数据时再次碰见错误。在google后找到解决办法。

　　　　  将load data infile 改为 load data local infile。错误即可解决（具体原因不清楚）

 

Num3. MySQL导出数据显示“Can‘t create/write to file ‘Users/***’（Errcode:13）”解决办法：

问题分析：

　　　　这应该是关于MySQL临时文件目录的问题，为解决这个问题做了很多尝试，在my.cnf配置临时文件目录，并给予该文件777权限等等都没有解决问题。

 

解决办法：

　　　　最后同样在google上找到解决办法。如下图

 

技术图片

 

　　　　这是由于权限问题，因为试图让mysql用户将数据写入私人主目录。我们可以在usr/local下创建一个文件夹，用来保存从mysql中导出的数据。

2019-06-30 18:03:14　　　

 

总结关于Mac上使用MySQL一些常见的问题

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