时间：2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过：8人阅读
虽然不必专门为复制创建帐户，但应注意，复制用到的用户名和密码会以纯文本格式存储在主信息存储库文件或表中 。因此，需要创建一个单独的帐户，该帐户只具有复制过程的权限，以尽可能减少对其他帐户的危害。
mysql> CREATE USER ‘replication‘@‘192.168.252.124‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘mima‘; mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO ‘replication‘@‘192.168.252.124‘;
备注：如果创建用户的时候出现密码错误的问题：
error：Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
查看密码策略：
show variables like ‘%password%‘;
+---------------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------------------+--------+
| default_password_lifetime | 0 |
| disconnect_on_expired_password | ON |
| log_builtin_as_identified_by_password | OFF |
| mysql_native_password_proxy_users | OFF |
| old_passwords | 0 |
| report_password | |
| sha256_password_proxy_users | OFF |
| validate_password_check_user_name | OFF |
| validate_password_dictionary_file | |
| validate_password_length | 8 |
| validate_password_mixed_case_count | 0 |
| validate_password_number_count | 1 |
| validate_password_policy | MEDIUM |
| validate_password_special_char_count | 1 |
+---------------------------------------+--------+
修改MySQL密码策略
set global validate_password_mixed_case_count=0;
修改my.cnf
cat /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] server-id=2
如果要设置多个从库，则每个从库的server-id与主库和其他从库设置不同的唯一值。
启动MySQL服务,登录MySQL
systemctl start mysqld
mysql -uroot -p
查看 Master-Server ， binlog File 文件名称和 Position值位置 并且记下来
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 629 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
要设置从库与主库进行通信，进行复制，使用必要的连接信息配置从库在从库上执行以下语句
将选项值替换为与系统相关的实际值
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=‘192.168.252.123‘, MASTER_USER=‘replication‘, MASTER_PASSWORD=‘mima‘, MASTER_LOG_FILE=‘mysql-bin.000001‘, MASTER_LOG_POS=629;
启动从服务器复制线程
mysql> START SLAVE; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
查看复制状态
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.252.123
Master_User: replication
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 629
Relay_Log_File: master2-relay-bin.000003
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
......
检查主从复制通信状态
Slave_IO_State #从站的当前状态Slave_IO_Running： Yes #读取主程序二进制日志的I/O线程是否正在运行Slave_SQL_Running： Yes #执行读取主服务器中二进制日志事件的SQL线程是否正在运行。与I/O线程一样Seconds_Behind_Master #是否为0，0就是已经同步了
必须都是 Yes
如果不是原因主要有以下 4 个方面：
1、网络不通
2、密码不对
3、MASTER_LOG_POS 不对 ps
4、mysql 的 auto.cnf server-uuid 一样（可能你是复制的mysql）
$ cat /var/lib/mysql/auto.cnf [auto] server-uuid=6b831bf3-8ae7-11e7-a178-000c29cb5cbc # 按照这个16进制格式，修改server-uuid，重启mysql即可
启动MySQL服务
登录MySQL
在 Master-Server 创建测试库
在 Slave-Server 查看是否同步过来
查看主服务器的运行状态
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 1190 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+查看从服务器主机列表
mysql> show slave hosts;
+-----------+------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
| Server_id | Host | Port | Master_id | Slave_UUID |
+-----------+------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
| 2 | | 3306 | 1 | 6b831bf2-8ae7-11e7-a178-000c29cb5cbc |
+-----------+------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+获取binlog文件列表
mysql> show binary logs;
+------------------+-----------+
| Log_name | File_size |
+------------------+-----------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 1190 |
+------------------+-----------+只查看第一个binlog文件的内容
mysql> mysql> show binlog events;
+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 4 | Format_desc | 1 | 123 | Server ver: 5.7.19-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 123 | Previous_gtids | 1 | 154 | |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 420 | Anonymous_Gtid | 1 | 485 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= ‘ANONYMOUS‘ |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 485 | Query | 1 | 629 | GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO ‘replication‘@‘192.168.252.124‘ |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 629 | Anonymous_Gtid | 1 | 694 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= ‘ANONYMOUS‘ |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 694 | Query | 1 | 847 | CREATE DATABASE `replication_wwww.ymq.io` |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 847 | Anonymous_Gtid | 1 | 912 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= ‘ANONYMOUS‘ |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 912 | Query | 1 | 1190 | use `replication_wwww.ymq.io`; CREATE TABLE `sync_test` (`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 |
+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+查看指定binlog文件的内容
mysql> mysql> show binlog events in ‘mysql-bin.000001‘;
+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Log_name | Pos | Event_type | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info |
+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 4 | Format_desc | 1 | 123 | Server ver: 5.7.19-log, Binlog ver: 4 |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 123 | Previous_gtids | 1 | 154 | |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 420 | Anonymous_Gtid | 1 | 485 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= ‘ANONYMOUS‘ |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 485 | Query | 1 | 629 | GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO ‘replication‘@‘192.168.252.124‘ |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 629 | Anonymous_Gtid | 1 | 694 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= ‘ANONYMOUS‘ |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 694 | Query | 1 | 847 | CREATE DATABASE `replication_wwww.ymq.io` |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 847 | Anonymous_Gtid | 1 | 912 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= ‘ANONYMOUS‘ |
| mysql-bin.000001 | 912 | Query | 1 | 1190 | use `replication_wwww.ymq.io`; CREATE TABLE `sync_test` (`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(255) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 |
+------------------+-----+----------------+-----------+-------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+启动从库复制线程
mysql> START SLAVE;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)停止从库复制线程
mysql> STOP SLAVE;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
搭建 MySQL 5.7.19 主从复制，以及复制实现细节分析
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