将PostgreSQL数据库的表导入到elasticsearch中

Table "edbstore.customers" Column | Type | Modifiers ----------------------+-----------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------- customerid | integer | not null default nextval(‘customers_customerid_seq‘::regclass) firstname | character varying(50) | not null lastname | character varying(50) | not null address1 | character varying(50) | not null address2 | character varying(50) | city | character varying(50) | not null state | character varying(50) | zip | integer | country | character varying(50) | not null region | smallint | not null email | character varying(50) | phone | character varying(50) | creditcardtype | integer | not null creditcard | character varying(50) | not null creditcardexpiration | character varying(50) | not null username | character varying(50) | not null password | character varying(50) | not null age | smallint | income | integer | gender | character varying(1) | Indexes: "customers_pkey" PRIMARY KEY, btree (customerid) "ix_cust_username" UNIQUE, btree (username) Referenced by: TABLE "cust_hist" CONSTRAINT "fk_cust_hist_customerid" FOREIGN KEY (customerid) REFERENCES customers(customerid) ON DELETE CASCADE TABLE "orders" CONSTRAINT "fk_customerid" FOREIGN KEY (customerid) REFERENCES customers(customerid) ON DELETE SET NULL edbstore=# select count(1) from customers; count ------- 20000 (1 row)

2.利用PostgreSQL的row_to_json函数将表结构导出并保存为json格式

edbstore=# \t
Tuples only is on.
edbstore=# \o customer.json
edbstore=# select row_to_json(r) from customers as r;
edbstore=# \q

[postgres@sht-sgmhadoopcm-01 dba]$ ls -lh customer.json 
-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres appuser 7.7M Dec  7 22:37 customer.json

$ head -1 customer.json 
 {"customerid":1,"firstname":"VKUUXF","lastname":"ITHOMQJNYX","address1":"4608499546 Dell Way","address2":null,"city":"QSDPAGD","state":"SD","zip":24101,"country":"US","region":1,"email":"ITHOMQJNYX@dell.com","phone":"4608499546","creditcardtype":1,"creditcard":"1979279217775911","creditcardexpiration":"2012/03","username":"user1","password":"password","age":55,"income":100000,"gender":"M"}

此时customer表虽然转储为json格式文件，但是并不能直接导入到elasticsearch，否则会报错如下

$ curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST "172.16.101.55:9200/bank/_bulk?pretty&refresh" --data-binary "@customer.json"
{
  "error" : {
    "root_cause" : [
      {
        "type" : "illegal_argument_exception",
        "reason" : "Malformed action/metadata line [1], expected START_OBJECT or END_OBJECT but found [VALUE_NUMBER]"
      }
    ],
    "type" : "illegal_argument_exception",
    "reason" : "Malformed action/metadata line [1], expected START_OBJECT or END_OBJECT but found [VALUE_NUMBER]"
  },
  "status" : 400
}

 根据文档https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/docs-bulk.html说明，我们的json数据里并未指定每行数据唯一的文档id值

3.为json格式的表数据添加id字段

因为之前我们看到该customer表共有2000行，所以我们需要生成对应的20000个id值，我们借助python实现，新建build_id.py文件，并写入如下内容，看清楚是20001，因为包头不包尾原则，1-20000实际打印出来是1-19999，所以我们写1-20001

for i in range(1,20001):
    print(‘{"index":{"_id":"%s"}}‘ %i ) 

为该文件添加可执行权限，然后执行即可

$ python build_id.py > build_id.txt

$ head -3 build_id.txt 
{"index":{"_id":"1"}}
{"index":{"_id":"2"}}
{"index":{"_id":"3"}}

利用linux “paste"命令，将id文件和表文件合并

$ paste -d‘\n‘ build_id.txt customer.json > customer_new.json

$ head -4 customer_new.json 
{"index":{"_id":"1"}}
 {"customerid":1,"firstname":"VKUUXF","lastname":"ITHOMQJNYX","address1":"4608499546 Dell Way","address2":null,"city":"QSDPAGD","state":"SD","zip":24101,"country":"US","region":1,"email":"ITHOMQJNYX@dell.com","phone":"4608499546","creditcardtype":1,"creditcard":"1979279217775911","creditcardexpiration":"2012/03","username":"user1","password":"password","age":55,"income":100000,"gender":"M"}
{"index":{"_id":"2"}}
 {"customerid":2,"firstname":"HQNMZH","lastname":"UNUKXHJVXB","address1":"5119315633 Dell Way","address2":null,"city":"YNCERXJ","state":"AZ","zip":11802,"country":"US","region":1,"email":"UNUKXHJVXB@dell.com","phone":"5119315633","creditcardtype":1,"creditcard":"3144519586581737","creditcardexpiration":"2012/11","username":"user2","password":"password","age":80,"income":40000,"gender":"M"}

 4.此时处理过的json格式的表文件就可以正常导入到elasticsearch中了，测试

$ curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST "172.16.101.55:9200/customer/_bulk?pretty&refresh" --data-binary "@customer_new.json"

$ curl http://172.16.101.55:9200/_cat/indices?v
health status index    uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
yellow open   customer DvLoM7NjSYyjTwD5BSkK3A   1   1      20000            0       10mb           10mb

将PostgreSQL数据库的表导入到elasticsearch中

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