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构建Mysql服务器

时间:2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过:13人阅读

MySQL服务器
  • 数据库基本管理
  • MySQL 数据类型
  • 表结构的调整
  • 1 构建MySQL服务器

    1.1 问题

    本案例要求熟悉MySQL官方安装包的使用,快速构建一台数据库服务器:

    • 安装MySQL-server、MySQl-client软件包
    • 修改数据库用户root的密码
    • 确认MySQL服务程序运行、root可控

    1.2 方案

    本课程将使用64位的RHEL 7操作系统,MySQL数据库的版本是5.7.17。

    访问http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/,找到MySQL Community Server下载页面,平台选择“Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux”,然后选择64位的bundle整合包下载,如图-1所示。

    技术图片 

    -1

    注意:下载MySQL软件时需要以Oracle网站账户登录,如果没有请根据页面提示先注册一个(免费) 。

    1.3 步骤

    实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

    步骤一:准备工作

    1)卸载系统自带的mariadb-server、mariadb软件包(如果有的话)

    1. [root@dbsvr1 ~]# yum -y remove mariadb-server mariadb
    2. Setting up Remove Process
    3. No Match for argument: mariadb-server
    4. rhel7dvd                                                 | 3.9 kB     00:00 ...
    5. Package(s) mariadb-server available, but not installed.
    6. No Match for argument: mariadb
    7. Package(s) mariadb available, but not installed.
    8. No Packages marked for removal

    2)清理/etc/my.cnf配置文件

    此配置文件由RHEL自带的mariadb-libs库提供:

    1. [root@dbsvr1 ~]# rpm -qf /etc/my.cnf
    2. mariadb-libs-5.5.35-3.el7.x86_64

    大量的系统软件包都需要用到mariadb-libs库,因此不建议直接卸载此软件包。最好是安装新的MySQL数据库软件时,采用 -U 升级的方式来进行替换。

    配置文件/etc/my.cnf若不需要使用,可以直接删除。或者保险起见,也可以将其改名备份:

    1. [root@dbsvr1 ~]# mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.old

    步骤二:安装mysql-community-client、mysql-community-server软件包

    1)释放bundle整合包

    1. [root@dbsvr1 ~]# cd /var/ftp/pub/ 
    2. [root@dbsvr1 pub]# tar xvf mysql-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
    3. mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                
    4. //MySQL 数据库客户端应用程序和工具
    5. mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                 
    6. //MySQL 数据库和客户端库共享文件
    7. mysql-community-devel-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                  
    8. //MySQL 数据库客户端应用程序的库和头文件
    9. mysql-community-embedded-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm              
    10. //MySQL嵌入式函数库
    11. mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    12. //MySQL嵌入式兼容函数库
    13. mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    14. //头文件和库文件作为Mysql的嵌入式库文件
    15. mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    16. //MySQL 数据库客户端应用程序的共享库
    17. mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    18. //MySQL 5.6.31 数据库客户端应用程序的共享兼容库
    19. mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm     
    20. //mysql最小安装包的调试信息
    21. mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    22. //非常快速和可靠的 SQL 数据库服务器
    23. mysql-community-server-minimal-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm  
    24. //非常快速和可靠的 SQL 数据库服务器(最小化安装)
    25. mysql-community-test-5.7.17-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                   
    26. //MySQL 数据库服务器的测试套件

    2)安装MySQL数据库

    bundle的整合包中,并不是所有的rpm包都会用到,将一些重复的删除。

    安装mysql时可能会缺少某些依赖包,需提前单独安装

    1. [root@dbsvr1 pub]#yum -y  install perl-Data-Dumper  perl-JSON  perl-Time-HiRes
    2. [root@dbsvr1 pub]# rpm -Uvh mysql-community-*.rpm
    3. 准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
    4. 正在升级/安装...
    5. 1:mysql-community-common-5.7.17-1.e################################# [  9%]
    6. 2:mysql-community-libs-5.7.17-1.el7################################# [ 18%]
    7. 3:mysql-community-client-5.7.17-1.e################################# [ 27%]
    8. 4:mysql-community-server-5.7.17-1.e################################# [ 36%]
    9. 5:mysql-community-devel-5.7.17-1.el################################# [ 45%]
    10. 6:mysql-community-embedded-5.7.17-1################################# [ 55%]
    11. 7:mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.################################# [ 64%]
    12. 8:mysql-community-test-5.7.17-1.el7################################# [ 73%]
    13. 9:mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.1################################# [ 82%]
    14. 10:mysql-community-minimal-debuginfo################################# [ 91%]
    15. 正在清理/删除...
    16. 11:mariadb-libs-1:5.5.35-3.el7      ################################# [100%]
    17. [root@dbsvr1 pub]#systemctl start mysqld.service

    安装过程中会尝试做一些检测,然后完成基本的初始化任务,期间会给出相关的提示。比如由于MySQL 5.7对TIMESTAMP时间戳的处理不同于之前的版本,会给出警告和提示出解决办法(使用--explicit_defaults_for_timestamp选项):

    1. 2017-04-04T15:59:07.324470Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).

    MySQL 5.7默认采用的存储引擎不再是MyISAM,而是InnoDB。初始化时若相关的文件不存在,会自动创建并设置相关参数:

    1. 2017-04-04T15:59:09.075698Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
    2. 2017-04-04T15:59:09.381634Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
    3. 2017-04-04T15:59:09.579733Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: a3973917-194f-11e7-a75b-52540018542e.
    4. 2017-04-04T15:59:09.703759Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table ‘mysql.gtid_executed‘ cannot be opened.
    5. 2017-04-04T15:59:09.711439Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ;%7SDdD)quOI
    6. 2017-04-04T15:59:29.758102Z 1 [ERROR] Failed to open the bootstrap file /tmp/install-validate-password-plugin.xqy7Ay.sql
    7. 2017-04-04T15:59:29.758122Z 1 [ERROR] 1105  Bootstrap file error, return code (0). Nearest query: ‘LSE SET @sys.tmp.table_exists.SQL = CONCAT(‘SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `‘, in_db, ‘`.`‘, in_table, ‘`‘); PREPARE stmt_select FROM @sys.tmp.table_exists.SQL; IF (NOT v_error) THEN DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt_select; SET out_exists = ‘TEMPORARY‘; END IF; END IF; END;
    8. 2017-04-04T15:59:29.758336Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting
    9. 2017-04-04T15:59:33.078575Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
    10. 2017-04-04T15:59:33.092082Z 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.7.17) starting as process 3326 ...
    11. 2017-04-04T15:59:33.095074Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: PUNCH HOLE support available
    12. 2017-04-04T15:59:33.095104Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
    13. 2017-04-04T15:59:33.095109Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Uses event mutexes
    14. 2017-04-04T15:59:33.095112Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: GCC builtin __atomic_thread_fence() is used for memory barrier
    15. 2017-04-04T15:59:33.095115Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
    16. 2017-04-04T15:59:33.095120Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
    17. 2017-04-04T15:59:33.095340Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Number of pools: 1
    18. 2017-04-04T15:59:33.095428Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Not using CPU crc32 instructions
    19. 2017-04-04T15:59:33.096904Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, total size = 128M, instances = 1, chunk size = 128M
    20. 2017-04-04T15:59:33.106888Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
    21. 2017-04-04T15:59:33.108711Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: If the mysqld execution user is authorized, page cleaner thread priority can be changed. See the man page of setpriority().
    22. 2017-04-04T15:59:33.120189Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
    23. 2017-04-04T15:59:33.454908Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Creating shared tablespace for temporary tables
    24. 2017-04-04T15:59:33.455034Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ‘./ibtmp1‘ size to 12 MB. Physically writing the file full; Please wait ...
    25. 2017-04-04T15:59:34.057704Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: File ‘./ibtmp1‘ size is now 12 MB.
    26. 2017-04-04T15:59:34.058603Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 96 redo rollback segment(s) found. 96 redo rollback segment(s) are active.
    27. 2017-04-04T15:59:34.058615Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 32 non-redo rollback segment(s) are active.
    28. 2017-04-04T15:59:34.063078Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
    29. 2017-04-04T15:59:34.113304Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 5.7.17 started; log sequence number 2536157
    30. 2017-04-04T15:59:34.113841Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Loading buffer pool(s) from /var/lib/mysql/ib_buffer_pool
    31. 2017-04-04T15:59:34.114310Z 0 [Note] Plugin ‘FEDERATED‘ is disabled.
    32. 2017-04-04T15:59:34.118690Z 0 [Note] Found ca.pem, server-cert.pem and server-key.pem in data directory. Trying to enable SSL support using them.
    33. 2017-04-04T15:59:34.118921Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
    34. 2017-04-04T15:59:34.119582Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 170404 23:59:34
    35. 2017-04-04T15:59:34.237643Z 0 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): ‘*‘; port: 3306
    36. 2017-04-04T15:59:34.241687Z 0 [Note] IPv6 is available.
    37. 2017-04-04T15:59:34.241727Z 0 [Note]   - ‘::‘ resolves to ‘::‘;
    38. 2017-04-04T15:59:34.241753Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: ‘::‘.
    39. 2017-04-04T15:59:34.313591Z 0 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events
    40. 2017-04-04T15:59:34.313686Z 0 [Note] Executing ‘SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES;‘ to get a list of tables using the deprecated partition engine. You may use the startup option ‘--disable-partition-engine-check‘ to skip this check.
    41. 2017-04-04T15:59:34.313693Z 0 [Note] Beginning of list of non-natively partitioned tables
    42. 2017-04-04T15:59:34.322126Z 0 [Note] End of list of non-natively partitioned tables
    43. 2017-04-04T15:59:34.322261Z 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections.
    44. Version: ‘5.7.17‘  socket: ‘/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock‘  port: 3306  MySQL Community Server (GPL)

    关于MySQL数据库的管理员账号root,其密码也不再是空,而是安装时随机生成一个,这种处理方式一定程度上增强了MySQl服务器的安全性。随机生成的密码字串可以从保存到mysql日志文件中找到:

    1. [root@dbsvr1 pub]#grep ‘temporary password‘ /var/log/mysqld.log
    2. 2017-04-04T15:59:09.711439Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ;%7SDdD)quOI

    3)确认安装后的服务单元文件、服务状态

    查看服务单元文件

    1. [root@dbsvr1 pub]# ls -lh /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
    2. -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1.6K 11 29 04:30 /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service

    mysql服务的自启状态为enabled:

    1. [root@dbsvr1 ~]# # systemctl  is-enabled  mysqld.service
    2. enabled

    步骤三:查看Mysql服务的运行状态

    服务器进程为mysqld,监听的默认端口为TCP 3306:

    1. [root@dbsvr1 pub]# netstat -antpu | grep mysql
    2. tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      3913/mysqld         

    查看Mysql服务的状态

    1. [root@dbsvr1 pub]#systemctl  is-active  mysqld.service
    2. active
    3. [root@dbsvr1 pub]#systemctl  status mysqld.service
    4. mysqld.service - MySQL Server
    5. Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled)
    6. Active: active (running) since 2017-04-23 08:56:24 CST; 1s ago
    7. Docs: man:mysqld(8)
    8. http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
    9. Process: 13753 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
    10. Process: 13732 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
    11. Main PID: 13757 (mysqld)
    12. CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
    13. └─13757 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

    数据库的默认存放位置为 /var/lib/mysql:

    1. [root@dbsvr1 pub]# ls  /var/lib/mysql
    2. auto.cnf    client-cert.pem  ibdata1      ibtmp1      mysql.sock.lock     public_key.pem   sys
    3. ca-key.pem  client-key.pem   ib_logfile0  mysql       performance_schema  server-cert.pem
    4. ca.pem      ib_buffer_pool   ib_logfile1  mysql.sock  private_key.pem     server-key.pem

    步骤四:连接MySQL服务器,修改密码

    查看随机生成的root管理密码

    1. [root@dbsvr1 pub]#grep ‘temporary password‘ /var/log/mysqld.log
    2. 2017-04-01T18:10:42.948679Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: GWphBZ_g+1&          //密码为GWphBZ_g+1&

    2)使用客户端命令mysql连接到MySQL服务器

    提示验证时,填入前一步获得的随机密码,验证成功后即可进入“mysql> ”环境:

    1. [root@dbsvr1 pub]# mysql -u root -p
    2. Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    3. Your MySQL connection id is 14
    4. Server version: 5.7.17
    5. Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    6. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    7. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    8. owners.
    9. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
    10. mysql>                                     //登录成功后,进入SQL操作环境

    用该密码登录到服务端后,必须马上修改密码,不然会报如下错误:

    1. mysql> show databases;
    2. ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

    3)执行SET PASSWORD命令修改密码

    这个其实与validate_password_policy的值有关,默认为1,所以刚开始设置的密码必须符合长度,且必须含有数字,小写或大写字母,特殊字符。如果我们不希望密码设置的那么复杂,需要修改两个全局参数:validate_password_policy与validate_password_length。validate_password_length默认值为8,最小值为4,如果你显性指定validate_password_length的值小于4,尽管不会报错,但validate_password_length的值将设为4。

    可参考下列指令:

    1. mysql>set global validate_password_policy=0;
    2. mysql>set global validate_password_length=4
    3. mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR ‘root‘@‘localhost‘=PASSWORD(‘1234567‘);
    4. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

    上述操作的结果是——更改数据库用户root从本机访问时的密码,设为1234567。

    退出“mysql> ”环境,重新登录验证,必须采用新的密码才能登入:

    1. mysql> exit                                                 //退出 mysql> 环境
    2. Bye
    3. [root@dbsvr1 ~]# mysql -u root –p            //重新登录
    4. Enter password:                                         //输入新设置的密码
    5. Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    6. Your MySQL connection id is 15
    7. Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
    8. Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    9. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    10. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    11. owners.
    12. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
    13. mysql> mysql> show databases;
    14. +--------------------+
    15. | Database           |
    16. +--------------------+
    17. | information_schema |
    18. | mysql              |
    19. | performance_schema |
    20. | sys                |
    21. +--------------------+
    22. 4 rows in set (0.07 sec)

     

    2 数据库基本管理

    2.1 问题

    本案例要求熟悉MySQL的连接及数据库表的增删改查等基本管理操作,主要完成以下几个方便的操作:

    • 使用mysql命令连接数据库
    • 练习查看/删除/创建库的相关操作
    • 练习查看/删除/创建表的相关操作,表数据参考如表-1所示内容

    表-1 测试用表数据

    技术图片 

    2.2 步骤

    实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。

    步骤一:使用mysql命令连接数据库

    连接MySQL服务器时,最基本的用法是通过 -u 选项指定用户名、-p指定密码。密码可以写在命令行(如果不写,则出现交互,要求用户输入),当然基于安全考虑一般不推荐这么做:

    1. [root@dbsvr1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456          //紧挨着选项,不要空格
    2. mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    3. Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    4. Your MySQL connection id is 16
    5. Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
    6. Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    7. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    8. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    9. owners.
    10. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
    11. mysql> exit                                  //退出已登录的mysql> 环境
    12. Bye

    默认情况下,msyql命令会连接本机的MySQL服务。但在需要的时候,可以通过 -h 选项指定远程主机;如果端口不是3306,还可以通过大写的 -P 选项指定:

    1. [root@dbsvr1 ~]# mysql -u root -p -h 127.0.0.1 -P 3306
    2. Enter password: 
    3. Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    4. Your MySQL connection id is 17
    5. Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
    6. Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    7. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    8. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    9. owners.
    10. Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
    11. mysql> exit                                  //退出已登录的mysql> 环境
    12. Bye

    连接其他主机的MySQL服务,有一个前提条件——对方已经添加了此用户从此客户机访问的数据库授权,授权操作方法会在后续课程学习。

    步骤二:练习查看/删除/创建库的相关操作

    root用户登入“mysql> ”环境后,可以执行各种MySQL指令、SQL指令。基本的用法事项如下:

    • 操作指令不区分大小写(库名/表名、密码、变量值等除外)。
    • 每条SQL指令以 ; 结束或分隔。
    • 不支持 Tab 键自动补齐。
    • \c 可废弃当前编写错的操作指令。

    1)查看现有的库

    1. mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
    2. +--------------------+
    3. | Database            |
    4. +--------------------+
    5. | information_schema |                              //信息概要库
    6. | mysql               |                              //授权库
    7. | performance_schema |                              //性能结构库
    8. | sys                  |                              //系统元数据库
    9. +--------------------+
    10. 4 rows in set (0.15 sec)

    2)切换/使用指定的库

    切换到sys库:

    1. mysql> USE sys;
    2. Database changed
    3. mysql> SELECT DATABASE();                          //确认当前所在的库
    4. +------------+
    5. | DATABASE() |
    6. +------------+
    7. | sys         |
    8. +------------+
    9. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    切换到mysql库:

    1. mysql> USE mysql;
    2. Reading table information for completion of table and column names
    3. You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
    4. Database changed
    5. mysql> SELECT DATABASE();                          //确认当前所在的库
    6. +------------+
    7. | DATABASE() |
    8. +------------+
    9. | mysql      |
    10. +------------+
    11. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    3)创建新的库

    新建名为mydb的库,确认结果:

    1. mysql> CREATE DATABASE mydb;
    2. Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
    3. mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
    4. +--------------------+
    5. | Database           |
    6. +--------------------+
    7. | information_schema |
    8. | mydb               |                          //新建的mydb
    9. | mysql              |
    10. | performance_schema |
    11. | sys               |
    12. +--------------------+
    13. 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    新建名为newdb的库,确认结果:

    1. mysql> CREATE DATABASE newdb;
    2. Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
    3. mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
    4. +--------------------+
    5. | Database            |
    6. +--------------------+
    7. | information_schema |
    8. | mydb                |                          //新建的mydb
    9. | mysql               |
    10. | newdb               |                          //新建的newdb
    11. | performance_schema |
    12. | sys                 |
    13. +--------------------+
    14. 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    新建数据库以后,会为每个数据库建立同名文件夹,可从命令行确认:

    1. [root@dbsvr1 ~]# ls -l /var/lib/mysql/{my,new}db/
    2. /var/lib/mysql/mydb/:
    3. 总用量 4
    4. -rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 65 4   2 03:14 db.opt
    5. /var/lib/mysql/newdb/:
    6. 总用量 4
    7. -rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 65 4   2 03:15 db.opt

    4)删除指定的库

    删除名为newdb的库:

    1. mysql> DROP DATABASE newdb;
    2. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
    3. mysql> SHOW DATABASES;                          //确认删除结果,已无newdb
    4. +--------------------+
    5. | Database           |
    6. +--------------------+
    7. | information_schema |
    8. | mydb               |
    9. | mysql              |
    10. | performance_schema |
    11. | sys                 |
    12. +--------------------+
    13. 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    步骤三:练习查看/删除/创建表的相关操作

    1)查看指定的库里有哪些表

    查看mysql库里有哪些表:

    1. mysql> USE mysql;
    2. Reading table information for completion of table and column names
    3. You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
    4. Database changed
    5. mysql> SHOW TABLES;
    6. +---------------------------+
    7. | Tables_in_mysql         |
    8. +---------------------------+
    9. | columns_priv              |
    10. | db                               |
    11. | engine_cost               |
    12. | event                          |
    13. | func                            |
    14. | general_log                |
    15. | gtid_executed            |
    16. | help_category            |
    17. | help_keyword            |
    18. | help_relation              |
    19. | help_topic                  |
    20. | innodb_index_stats   |
    21. | innodb_table_stats    |
    22. | ndb_binlog_index      |
    23. | plugin                         |
    24. | proc                           |
    25. | procs_priv                  |
    26. | proxies_priv               |
    27. | server_cost                |
    28. | servers                       |
    29. |&nbs

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