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Prism+MaterialDesign+EntityFramework Core+Postgresql WPF开发总结之中级篇

时间：2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过：11人阅读

Grid> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition Height="Auto" /> <RowDefinition Height="Auto" /> <RowDefinition Height="Auto" /> <RowDefinition Height="Auto" /> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <Grid Grid.Row="0"> <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" /> </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <TextBox Grid.Column="0" Text="column1 auto" /> <TextBox Grid.Column="1" Text="column2 auto" /> <TextBox Grid.Column="2" Text="column3 auto" /> </Grid> <Grid Grid.Row="1"> <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="*" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" /> </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <TextBox Grid.Column="0" Text="column1 auto" /> <TextBox Grid.Column="1" Text="column2 *" /> <TextBox Grid.Column="2" Text="column3 auto" /> </Grid> <Grid Grid.Row="2"> <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ColumnDefinition Width="*" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="2*" /> </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <TextBox Grid.Column="0" Text="column1 *" /> <TextBox Grid.Column="1" Text="column2 2*" /> </Grid> <Grid Grid.Row="3"> <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ColumnDefinition Width="*" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="2*" /> </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <TextBox Grid.Column="0" Height="100" Text="column1 * height=100" /> <TextBox Grid.Column="1" Text="column2 2*" /> </Grid> </Grid> View Code

效果如图：大小随窗体自动调整。

技术图片

2、堆叠

控件按指定方向排列，显示不下的时候根据所使用的控件不同会有区别。

StackPanel：子控件按垂直或水平堆叠，超出空间不换行。
VirtualizingStackPanel：子控件在水平或垂直的行上虚拟化并排列，超出空间不换行。(大量数据绑定时常用)
WrapPanel：子控件按从左到右的顺序定位，在当前行上的控件超出允许的空间时，换行到下一行。(列表模板常用)

    <Grid ShowGridLines="True">
        <Grid.RowDefinitions>
            <RowDefinition Height="60" />
            <RowDefinition Height="60" />
            <RowDefinition Height="60" />
            <RowDefinition Height="60" />
            <RowDefinition Height="60" />
            <RowDefinition Height="60" />
        </Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
            <TextBlock Text="statckpanelHorizontal 1" />
            <TextBlock Text="statckpanelHorizontal 2" />
            <TextBlock Text="statckpanelHorizontal 3" />
            <TextBlock Text="statckpanelHorizontal 4" />
            <TextBlock Text="statckpanelHorizontal 5" />
            <TextBlock Text="statckpanelHorizontal 6" />
        </StackPanel>
        <StackPanel Grid.Row="1" Orientation="Vertical">
            <TextBlock Text="statckpanelVertical 1" />
            <TextBlock Text="statckpanelVertical 2" />
            <TextBlock Text="statckpanelVertical 3" />
            <TextBlock Text="statckpanelVertical 4" />
            <TextBlock Text="statckpanelVertical 5" />
            <TextBlock Text="statckpanelVertical 6" />
        </StackPanel>
        <VirtualizingStackPanel Grid.Row="2" Orientation="Horizontal">
            <TextBlock Text="VirtualizingStackPanelHorizontal 1" />
            <TextBlock Text="VirtualizingStackPanelHorizontal 2" />
            <TextBlock Text="VirtualizingStackPanelHorizontal 3" />
            <TextBlock Text="VirtualizingStackPanelHorizontal 4" />
            <TextBlock Text="VirtualizingStackPanelHorizontal 5" />
            <TextBlock Text="VirtualizingStackPanelHorizontal 6" />
        </VirtualizingStackPanel>
        <VirtualizingStackPanel Grid.Row="3" Orientation="Vertical">
            <TextBlock Text="VirtualizingStackPanelVertical 1" />
            <TextBlock Text="VirtualizingStackPanelVertical 2" />
            <TextBlock Text="VirtualizingStackPanelVertical 3" />
            <TextBlock Text="VirtualizingStackPanelVertical 4" />
            <TextBlock Text="VirtualizingStackPanelVertical 5" />
            <TextBlock Text="VirtualizingStackPanelVertical 6" />
        </VirtualizingStackPanel>
        <WrapPanel Grid.Row="4" Orientation="Horizontal">
            <TextBlock Text="WrapPanelHorizontal 1" />
            <TextBlock Text="WrapPanelHorizontal 2" />
            <TextBlock Text="WrapPanelHorizontal 3" />
            <TextBlock Text="WrapPanelHorizontal 4" />
            <TextBlock Text="WrapPanelHorizontal 5" />
            <TextBlock Text="WrapPanelHorizontal 6" />
        </WrapPanel>
        <WrapPanel Grid.Row="5" Orientation="Vertical">
            <TextBlock Text="WrapPanelVertical 1" />
            <TextBlock Text="WrapPanelVertical 2" />
            <TextBlock Text="WrapPanelVertical 3" />
            <TextBlock Text="WrapPanelVertical 4" />
            <TextBlock Text="WrapPanelVertical 5" />
            <TextBlock Text="WrapPanelVertical 6" />
        </WrapPanel>
    </Grid>

View Code

效果如下：

技术图片

StackPanel与VirtualizingStackPanel布局效果一样。WrapPanel比较特殊：指定水平方向堆叠时，水平放不下自动换成下一行显示；指定垂直方向堆叠时，垂直放不下时自动换成下一列显示。

3、停靠

DockPanel：子控件与面板的边缘对齐。这个分模块布局时用的最多。

    <DockPanel>
        <WrapPanel
            Height="50"
            Background="LightBlue"
            DockPanel.Dock="Top"
            Orientation="Horizontal">
            <TextBlock Text="Header----DockPanel.Dock=Top" />
            <TextBlock Text="Header1" />
            <TextBlock Text="Header1" />
            <TextBlock Text="Header1" />
            <TextBlock Text="Header1" />
            <TextBlock Text="Header1" />
        </WrapPanel>
        <WrapPanel
            Background="LightGray"
            DockPanel.Dock="Left"
            Orientation="Vertical">
            <TextBlock Text="Left----DockPanel.Dock=Left" />
            <TextBlock Text="menu1" />
            <TextBlock Text="menu1" />
            <TextBlock Text="menu1" />
            <TextBlock Text="menu1" />
            <TextBlock Text="menu1" />
            <TextBlock Text="menu1" />
            <TextBlock Text="menu1" />
            <TextBlock Text="menu1" />
            <TextBlock Text="menu1" />
        </WrapPanel>
        <WrapPanel
            Background="LightSkyBlue"
            DockPanel.Dock="Right"
            Orientation="Horizontal">
            <TextBlock Text="Right----DockPanel.Dock=Right" />
            <TextBlock Text="content" />
            <TextBlock Text="content" />
            <TextBlock Text="content" />
            <TextBlock Text="content" />
            <TextBlock Text="content" />
            <TextBlock Text="content" />
        </WrapPanel>
    </DockPanel>

View Code

效果如下：与Grid类似，不过是固定区域按方向自动延展。

技术图片

二、式样与模板

通过定义式样和模板，重复使用它能让应用代码量下降，同时也方便以后维护修改。

1、式样 Style

    <Window.Resources>
        <!--  默认表示字体为16pt  -->
        <Style TargetType="TextBlock">
            <Setter Property="HorizontalAlignment" Value="Center" />
            <Setter Property="FontSize" Value="16" />
        </Style>
        <!--  继承默认设置并扩展  -->
        <Style
            x:Key="Title"
            BasedOn="{StaticResource {x:Type TextBlock}}"
            TargetType="TextBlock">
            <Setter Property="FontWeight" Value="Bold" />
            <Setter Property="FontSize" Value="20" />
        </Style>
    </Window.Resources>
    <StackPanel Orientation="Vertical">
        <TextBlock Text="default style" />
        <TextBlock Style="{StaticResource Title}" Text="Title style" />
    </StackPanel>

View Code

自定义式样效果图：

技术图片

2、模板 Template

WPF的所有控件都提供了默认的模板ControlTemplate，模板一般和式样结合使用。模板中需要特别学习VisualState和Trigger，通过VisualState可以设计在不同状态（鼠标按下，松开等）时控件显示样式，而通过Trigger可以让控件跟随参照对象数据或者绑定的数据做式样变化，内容比较多此篇不详细介绍。

如下是一个根据绑定的数据内容显示不同控件的例子。

<Window
    x:Class="WPFUI.Core.Template"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WPFUI.Core"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    xmlns:sys="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib"
    Title="Template"
    Width="800"
    Height="450"
    mc:Ignorable="d">
    <Window.Resources>
        <!--  TextBox的显示模板  -->
        <DataTemplate x:Key="typeText" DataType="sys:String">
            <TextBox Width="100" Text="{Binding Path=Content, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}" />
        </DataTemplate>
        <!--  Label的显示模板  -->
        <DataTemplate x:Key="typelabel" DataType="sys:String">
            <Label Content="{Binding Path=Content, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}" />
        </DataTemplate>
        <!--  CheckBox的显示模板  -->
        <DataTemplate x:Key="typeCheck" DataType="sys:String">
            <CheckBox Content="{Binding Path=Content, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}" />
        </DataTemplate>
        <!--  Image的显示模板  -->
        <DataTemplate x:Key="typeimg" DataType="sys:String">
            <Label Background="LightBlue" Content="{Binding Path=Content, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}" />
        </DataTemplate>
        <DataTemplate x:Key="typeTemp">
            <ContentPresenter
                x:Name="detail"
                Content="{Binding Path=Content, RelativeSource={RelativeSource TemplatedParent}}"
                ContentTemplate="{StaticResource typeText}" />
            <DataTemplate.Triggers>
                <!--  如果字符为text，则显示TextBox模板  -->
                <DataTrigger Binding="{Binding}" Value="text">
                    <Setter TargetName="detail" Property="ContentTemplate" Value="{StaticResource typeText}" />
                </DataTrigger>
                <!--  如果字符为label，则显示Label模板  -->
                <DataTrigger Binding="{Binding}" Value="label">
                    <Setter TargetName="detail" Property="ContentTemplate" Value="{StaticResource typelabel}" />
                </DataTrigger>
                <!--  如果字符为check，则显示CheckBox模板  -->
                <DataTrigger Binding="{Binding}" Value="check">
                    <Setter TargetName="detail" Property="ContentTemplate" Value="{StaticResource typeCheck}" />
                </DataTrigger>
                <!--  如果字符为img，则显示Image模板  -->
                <DataTrigger Binding="{Binding}" Value="img">
                    <Setter TargetName="detail" Property="ContentTemplate" Value="{StaticResource typeimg}" />
                </DataTrigger>
            </DataTemplate.Triggers>
        </DataTemplate>
    </Window.Resources>
    <Grid>
        <ListView ItemTemplate="{StaticResource typeTemp}">
            <!--  测试数据  -->
            <ListView.ItemsSource>
                <x:Array Type="sys:String">
                    <sys:String>text</sys:String>
                    <sys:String>label</sys:String>
                    <sys:String>check</sys:String>
                    <sys:String>img</sys:String>
                </x:Array>
            </ListView.ItemsSource>
            <ListView.ItemsPanel>
                <ItemsPanelTemplate>
                    <WrapPanel Orientation="Vertical" />
                </ItemsPanelTemplate>
            </ListView.ItemsPanel>
        </ListView>
    </Grid>
</Window>

View Code

效果如下：

技术图片

高端UI设计 MaterialDeisgn

它是Google开源的一套UI设计系统，用它可以设计出非常美观的Web页面，App，桌面程序，尤其是图标非常全面。有它你不用懂Photoshop也可以设计出高端的界面。

官网地址：https://material.io/

技术图片

一、引入MaterialDesign

WPF专用的MaterialDesign开源代码地址：https://github.com/MaterialDesignInXAML/MaterialDesignInXamlToolkit

项目介绍网站：http://materialdesigninxaml.net/

1、添加MaterialDesignThemes包

技术图片

2、编辑App.xaml添加资源

全局引入MaterialDesign的资源文件

<prism:PrismApplication
    x:Class="WpfMaterial.Core.App"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfMaterial.Core"
    xmlns:prism="http://prismlibrary.com/">
    <Application.Resources>
        <ResourceDictionary>
            <ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
                <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MaterialDesignThemes.Wpf;component/Themes/MaterialDesignTheme.Light.xaml" />
                <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MaterialDesignThemes.Wpf;component/Themes/MaterialDesignTheme.Defaults.xaml" />
                <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MaterialDesignColors;component/Themes/Recommended/Primary/MaterialDesignColor.Indigo.xaml" />
                <ResourceDictionary Source="pack://application:,,,/MaterialDesignColors;component/Themes/Recommended/Accent/MaterialDesignColor.Lime.xaml" />
            </ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
        </ResourceDictionary>
    </Application.Resources>
</prism:PrismApplication>

View Code

3、配置MaterialDesign参照和字体

添加命名空间和字体(字体对图标显示很重要)，这样就可以使用它里面的控件了。

<Window
    x:Class="WpfMaterial.Core.Views.MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:materialDesign="http://materialdesigninxaml.net/winfx/xaml/themes"
    xmlns:prism="http://prismlibrary.com/"
    Title="{Binding Title}"
    Width="525"
    Height="350"
    prism:ViewModelLocator.AutoWireViewModel="True"
    Background="{DynamicResource MaterialDesignPaper}"
    FontFamily="{DynamicResource MaterialDesignFont}">
    <Grid>
        <materialDesign:Card Margin="16" Padding="32">
            <TextBlock Style="{DynamicResource MaterialDesignTitleTextBlock}">My First Material Design App</TextBlock>
        </materialDesign:Card>
    </Grid>
</Window>

View Code

卡片效果：

技术图片

二、使用MaterialDesign

场景一：登录界面

简单又美丽，图标都是MaterialDesign自带的。

技术图片

Prism+MaterialDesign+EntityFramework Core+Postgresql WPF开发总结 之 中级篇

高端UI设计 MaterialDeisgn

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Prism+MaterialDesign+EntityFramework Core+Postgresql WPF开发总结之中级篇