MySQL教程58-IN和NOT IN用法详解

expr 表示要判断的表达式，value1, value2, value3 ... valueN 表示列表中的值。MySQL 会将 expr 的值和列表中的值逐一对比。

【实例1】在 SQL 语句中使用 IN 和 NOT IN 运算符：

mysql> SELECT 2 IN (1,3,5,‘thks‘),‘thks‘ IN (1,3,5, ‘thks‘);
+---------------------+---------------------------+
| 2 IN (1,3,5,‘thks‘) | ‘thks‘ IN (1,3,5, ‘thks‘) |
+---------------------+---------------------------+
|                   0 |                         1 |
+---------------------+---------------------------+
1 row in set, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT 2 NOT IN (1,3,5,‘thks‘),‘thks‘ NOT IN (1,3,5, ‘thks‘);
+-------------------------+-------------------------------+
| 2 NOT IN (1,3,5,‘thks‘) | ‘thks‘ NOT IN (1,3,5, ‘thks‘) |
+-------------------------+-------------------------------+
|                       1 |                             0 |
+-------------------------+-------------------------------+
1 row in set, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)

由结果可以看到，IN 和 NOT IN 的返回值正好相反。

对空值 NULL 的处理

当 IN 运算符的两侧有一个为空值 NULL 时，如果找不到匹配项，则返回值为 NULL；如果找到了匹配项，则返回值为 1。

请看下面的 SQL 语句如下：

mysql> SELECT NULL IN (1,3,5,‘thks‘),10 IN (1,3,NULL,‘thks‘);
+------------------------+-------------------------+
| NULL IN (1,3,5,‘thks‘) | 10 IN (1,3,NULL,‘thks‘) |
+------------------------+-------------------------+
|                   NULL |                    NULL |
+------------------------+-------------------------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql>  SELECT NULL IN (1,3,5,‘thks‘),10 IN (1,10,NULL,‘thks‘);
+------------------------+--------------------------+
| NULL IN (1,3,5,‘thks‘) | 10 IN (1,10,NULL,‘thks‘) |
+------------------------+--------------------------+
|                   NULL |                        1 |
+------------------------+--------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

NOT IN 恰好相反，当 NOT IN 运算符的两侧有一个为空值 NULL 时，如果找不到匹配项，则返回值为 NULL；如果找到了匹配项，则返回值为 0。

请看下面的 SQL 语句如下：

mysql>  SELECT NULL NOT IN (1,3,5,‘thks‘),10 NOT IN (1,0,NULL,‘thks‘);
+----------------------------+-----------------------------+
| NULL NOT IN (1,3,5,‘thks‘) | 10 NOT IN (1,0,NULL,‘thks‘) |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------+
|                       NULL |                        NULL |
+----------------------------+-----------------------------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql>  SELECT NULL NOT IN (1,3,5,‘thks‘),10 NOT IN (1,10,NULL,‘thks‘);
+----------------------------+------------------------------+
| NULL NOT IN (1,3,5,‘thks‘) | 10 NOT IN (1,10,NULL,‘thks‘) |
+----------------------------+------------------------------+
|                       NULL |                            0 |
+----------------------------+------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MySQL教程58-IN和NOT IN用法详解

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