python基础详解

 def capitalize(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
 #------------------首字母大写------------------------------=-------------------------------------"""S.capitalize() -> str
        
        Return a capitalized version of S, i.e. make the first character
        have upper case and the rest lower case."""return ""def center(self, width, fillchar=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#-----------------居中，width代表的是宽度，fillchar是代表填充的字符''.center(50,'*')--------------------"""S.center(width[, fillchar]) -> str
        
        Return S centered in a string of length width. Padding is
        done using the specified fill character (default is a space)"""return ""def count(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#-----------------和列表的count一样，计算出和sub一样的字符的个数，start,end带表起始和结束的位置--------------"""S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
        
        Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring sub in
        string S[start:end].  Optional arguments start and end are
        interpreted as in slice notation."""return 0def encode(self, encoding='utf-8', errors='strict'): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#---------------代表指定的编码，默认为‘utf-8’,如果错了会强制指出错误-------------------------------------"""S.encode(encoding='utf-8', errors='strict') -> bytes
        
        Encode S using the codec registered for encoding. Default encoding
        is 'utf-8'. errors may be given to set a different error
        handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise
        a UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore', 'replace' and
        'xmlcharrefreplace' as well as any other name registered with
        codecs.register_error that can handle UnicodeEncodeErrors."""return b""def endswith(self, suffix, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#------------------判断endswith是不是以suffix这个参数结尾--------------------------------------------"""S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool
        
        Return True if S ends with the specified suffix, False otherwise.
        With optional start, test S beginning at that position.
        With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.
        suffix can also be a tuple of strings to try."""return Falsedef expandtabs(self, tabsize=8): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#-----------可以理解为扩展tab键，后面的tabsize=8代表默认把tab键改成8个空格，可以修改值-----------------------"""S.expandtabs(tabsize=8) -> str
        
        Return a copy of S where all tab characters are expanded using spaces.
        If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed."""return ""def find(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#------------从左往右查找和sub相同的字符，并把所在的位置返回，如果没有查到返回-1------------------------------"""S.find(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
        
        Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,
        such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional
        arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
        
        Return -1 on failure."""return 0def format(self, *args, **kwargs): # known special case of str.format#-----------------指的是格式，也就是在字符中有{}的，都会一一替换str = 'huwegwne g{name},{age}'print(str.format(name = '111',age = '22'))
结果：huwegwne g111, 22
------------------------------------------"""S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> str
        
        Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from args and kwargs.
        The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}')."""passdef index(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#-------------和find一样，只是如果没有查找到会报错-----------------------------------------------------"""S.index(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
        
        Like S.find() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found."""return 0   return Falsedef join(self, iterable): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#------------------通过字符来连接一个可迭代类型的数据li = ['alec','arix','Alex','Tony','rain']print('*'.join(li))
结果：alec*arix*Alex*Tony*rain---------------------------------"""S.join(iterable) -> str
        
        Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in the
        iterable.  The separator between elements is S."""return ""def ljust(self, width, fillchar=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#----------------和center类型，只不过它是向左对齐，而不是居中--------------------------------------------"""S.ljust(width[, fillchar]) -> str
        
        Return S left-justified in a Unicode string of length width. Padding is
        done using the specified fill character (default is a space)."""return ""def lower(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#--------------------全部转换成小写----------------------------------------------------------------"""S.lower() -> str
        
        Return a copy of the string S converted to lowercase."""return ""def lstrip(self, chars=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#-------------------和strip类似，用来删除指定的首尾字符，默认为空格-------------------------------------- 
 """S.lstrip([chars]) -> str
        
        Return a copy of the string S with leading whitespace removed.
        If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead."""return ""def partition(self, sep): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#-----------------------------partition() 方法用来根据指定的分隔符将字符串进行分割。"""S.partition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)
        
        Search for the separator sep in S, and return the part before it,
        the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the separator is not
        found, return S and two empty strings."""passdef replace(self, old, new, count=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#-------------------替换，用新的字符串去替换旧的字符串-------------------------------------------------"""S.replace(old, new[, count]) -> str
        
        Return a copy of S with all occurrences of substring
        old replaced by new.  If the optional argument count is
        given, only the first count occurrences are replaced."""return ""def rfind(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#-----------和find类似，只不过是从右向左查找----------------------------------------------------------"""S.rfind(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
        
        Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found,
        such that sub is contained within S[start:end].  Optional
        arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
        
        Return -1 on failure."""return 0def rindex(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#-----------和index类似，只不过是从右向左查找----------------------------------------------------------"""S.rindex(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
        
        Like S.rfind() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found."""return 0def rjust(self, width, fillchar=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#----------------和center类型，只不过它是向右对齐，而不是居中--------------------------------------------
  """S.rjust(width[, fillchar]) -> str
        
        Return S right-justified in a string of length width. Padding is
        done using the specified fill character (default is a space)."""return ""def rpartition(self, sep): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__"""S.rpartition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)
        
        Search for the separator sep in S, starting at the end of S, and return
        the part before it, the separator itself, and the part after it.  If the
        separator is not found, return two empty strings and S."""passdef rsplit(self, sep=None, maxsplit=-1): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#----------------------------和split相似，只不过是从右向左分离--------------------------------------- 
 """S.rsplit(sep=None, maxsplit=-1) -> list of strings
        
        Return a list of the words in S, using sep as the
        delimiter string, starting at the end of the string and
        working to the front.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit
        splits are done. If sep is not specified, any whitespace string
        is a separator."""return []def rstrip(self, chars=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#--------------方法用于移除字符串尾部指定的字符（默认为空格）。---------------------------------------------"""S.rstrip([chars]) -> str
        
        Return a copy of the string S with trailing whitespace removed.
        If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead."""return ""def split(self, sep=None, maxsplit=-1): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#--------------------------------方法用于把一个字符串分割成字符串数组默认是以空格隔离----------------------"""S.split(sep=None, maxsplit=-1) -> list of strings
        
        Return a list of the words in S, using sep as the
        delimiter string.  If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit
        splits are done. If sep is not specified or is None, any
        whitespace string is a separator and empty strings are
        removed from the result."""return []def splitlines(self, keepends=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__"""S.splitlines([keepends]) -> list of strings
        
        Return a list of the lines in S, breaking at line boundaries.
        Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends
        is given and true."""return []def startswith(self, prefix, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#---------------------------判断是不是以prefix字符开头----------------------------------------------"""S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool
        
        Return True if S starts with the specified prefix, False otherwise.
        With optional start, test S beginning at that position.
        With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.
        prefix can also be a tuple of strings to try."""return Falsedef strip(self, chars=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#-----------用于移除字符串头尾指定的字符（默认为空格）。------------------------------------------"""S.strip([chars]) -> str
        
        Return a copy of the string S with leading and trailing
        whitespace removed.
        If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead."""return ""def swapcase(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#-------------------------------------- 方法用于对字符串的大小写字母进行转换。------------------------- 
 """S.swapcase() -> str
        
        Return a copy of S with uppercase characters converted to lowercase
        and vice versa."""return ""def title(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#-----------------------------把每一个单词的首字母都变成大写------------------------------------------"""S.title() -> str
        
        Return a titlecased version of S, i.e. words start with title case
        characters, all remaining cased characters have lower case."""return ""def translate(self, table): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__"""S.translate(table) -> str
        
        Return a copy of the string S in which each character has been mapped
        through the given translation table. The table must implement
        lookup/indexing via __getitem__, for instance a dictionary or list,
        mapping Unicode ordinals to Unicode ordinals, strings, or None. If
        this operation raises LookupError, the character is left untouched.
        Characters mapped to None are deleted."""return ""def upper(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#-------------------------------把全部的字母变成大写------------------------------------------------"""S.upper() -> str
        
        Return a copy of S converted to uppercase."""return ""

# 里面的参数self是代表自身，如果只有self，在调用的时候不用传递参数，如果是等于，就代表有默认的传递值，可不用传递参数def append(self, p_object): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#--------------在列表后面添加数据--------------------------------------""" L.append(object) -> None -- append object to end """passdef clear(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#--------------清空列表---------------------------------------------- """ L.clear() -> None -- remove all items from L """passdef copy(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#--------------------复制列表并赋值给a = li.copy()----------------------""" L.copy() -> list -- a shallow copy of L """return []def count(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__# ---------------计算列表中和value相同的字符串的个数---------------------""" L.count(value) -> integer -- return number of occurrences of value """return 0def extend(self, iterable): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__# -----------------把一个可迭代类型的数据整天添加到列表中-----------------""" L.extend(iterable) -> None -- extend list by appending elements from the iterable """passdef index(self, value, start=None, stop=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#------------------找到和value相同的数据所在列表中的位置，后面的两个参数代表开始位置和结束位置--------"""L.index(value, [start, [stop]]) -> integer -- return first index of value.
        Raises ValueError if the value is not present."""return 0def insert(self, index, p_object): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#--------------------在index这个位置插入p_object值---------------------------------""" L.insert(index, object) -- insert object before index """passdef pop(self, index=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__# ------------------删除index这个位置的数据，返回给一个变量------------------------"""L.pop([index]) -> item -- remove and return item at index (default last).
        Raises IndexError if list is empty or index is out of range."""passdef remove(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#--------------------删除value的数据，不会返回给某个变量---------------------------"""L.remove(value) -> None -- remove first occurrence of value.
        Raises ValueError if the value is not present."""passdef reverse(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#-------------------------翻转，就是把最后一个元素放在第一个，依次类推--------------""" L.reverse() -- reverse *IN PLACE* """passdef sort(self, key=None, reverse=False): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#-------------------------排序--------------------------------------------------""" L.sort(key=None, reverse=False) -> None -- stable sort *IN PLACE* """pass

def clear(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#------------------清空字典--------------------------------------""" D.clear() -> None.  Remove all items from D. """passdef copy(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#----------------------复制字典给一个变量-----------------------------""" D.copy() -> a shallow copy of D """pass@staticmethod # known casedef fromkeys(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown""" Returns a new dict with keys from iterable and values equal to value. """passdef get(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#---------------------得到某个键对应的值------------------------------------""" D.get(k[,d]) -> D[k] if k in D, else d.  d defaults to None. """passdef items(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#--------------------------得到字典的键值对------------------------------------------""" D.items() -> a set-like object providing a view on D's items """passdef keys(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#--------------------------得到字典的键-----------------------------------------""" D.keys() -> a set-like object providing a view on D's keys """passdef pop(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#---------------------删除某个键值对-----------------------------------------"""D.pop(k[,d]) -> v, remove specified key and return the corresponding value.
        If key is not found, d is returned if given, otherwise KeyError is raised"""passdef popitem(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#----------------随机删除一个键值对-------------------------------------------"""D.popitem() -> (k, v), remove and return some (key, value) pair as a
        2-tuple; but raise KeyError if D is empty."""passdef setdefault(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#------------------和get方法类似, 如果键不存在于字典中，将会添加键并将值设为默认值--------------""" D.setdefault(k[,d]) -> D.get(k,d), also set D[k]=d if k not in D """passdef update(self, E=None, **F): # known special case of dict.update#----------------------- 把一个字典添加到另外一个字典中--------------------------------------"""D.update([E, ]**F) -> None.  Update D from dict/iterable E and F.
        If E is present and has a .keys() method, then does:  for k in E: D[k] = E[k]
        If E is present and lacks a .keys() method, then does:  for k, v in E: D[k] = v
        In either case, this is followed by: for k in F:  D[k] = F[k]"""passdef values(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__#-----------------------------得到字典的值-----------------------------------------------""" D.values() -> an object providing a view on D's values """pass