时间:2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过:34人阅读
Form相关的对象包括
Form Objects
Form对象封装了一系列Field和验证规则,Form类都必须直接或间接继承自django.forms.Form,定义Form有两种方式:
方法一:直接继承Form
from django import forms class ContactForm(forms.Form): subject = forms.CharField(max_length=100,label='主题') message = form.CharField(widget=forms.TextArea) sender = form.EmailField() cc_myself = forms.BooleanField(required=False)
方法二:结合Model,继承django.forms.ModelForm
#models.py
class Contact(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=30)
content = models.CharField(max_length=20)
#form.py
class ConotactForm(ModelForm):
class Meta:
model = Contact
field = ('title','content') #只显示model中指定的字段
在视图(view)中使用form
在view函数中使用form的一般情景是:
view.py:
form django.shortcuts import render
form django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
def contact(request):
if request.method=="POST":
form = ContactForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid(): #所有验证都通过
#do something处理业务
return HttpResponseRedirect('/')
else:
form = ContactForm()
return render(request,'contact.html',{'form':form})
contact.html:
处理表单数据
form.is_valid()返回true后,表单数据都被存储在form.cleaned_data对象中(字典类型,意为经过清洗的数据),而且数据会被自动转换为Python对象,如:在form中定义了DateTimeField,那么该字段将被转换为datetime类型,还有诸如:IntegerField、FloatField
if form.is_valid():
subject = form.cleaned_data['subject']
message = form.cleaned_data['message']
sender = form.cleaned_data['sender']
cc_myself = form.cleaned_data['cc_myself']
recipients = ['info@example.com']
if cc_myself:
recipients.append(sender)
from django.core.mail import send_mail
send_mail(subject, message, sender, recipients)
return HttpResponseRedirect('/thanks/') # Redirect after POST
Form的简单使用方法就这些。 另:
在模版中显示表单的几种方式:
显示form找template中的方法多种多样,也可以自定义:
还可以使用form.as_table、form.as_ul,分别表示用
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