Python中unittest用法实例

#文件名runtest.py
import random
import unittest

class TestSequenceFunctions(unittest.TestCase):

  def setUp(self):
    self.seq = list(range(10))

  def test_shuffle(self):
    # make sure the shuffled sequence does not lose any elements
    random.shuffle(self.seq)
    self.seq.sort()
    self.assertEqual(self.seq, list(range(10)))

    # should raise an exception for an immutable sequence
    self.assertRaises(TypeError, random.shuffle, (1,2,3))

  def test_choice(self):
    element = random.choice(self.seq)
    self.assertTrue(element in self.seq)

  def test_sample(self):
    with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
      random.sample(self.seq, 20)
    for element in random.sample(self.seq, 5):
      self.assertTrue(element in self.seq)

if __name__ == '__main__':
  unittest.main()

3.运行方式:在命令行直接运行这个runtest.py

可以使用unitest.skip装饰器族跳过test method或者test class,这些装饰器包括:
① @unittest.skip(reason):无条件跳过测试，reason描述为什么跳过测试
② @unittest.skipif(conditition,reason):condititon为true时跳过测试
③ @unittest.skipunless(condition,reason):condition不是true时跳过测试

可以自定义skip decorator

#这是一个自定义的skip decorrator
def skipUnlessHasattr(obj, attr):
  if hasattr(obj, attr):
    return lambda func: func
  return unittest.skip("{!r} doesn't have {!r}".format(obj, attr))

class MyTestCase(unittest.TestCase):

  @unittest.skip("demonstrating skipping")
  def test_nothing(self):
    self.fail("shouldn't happen")

  @unittest.skipIf(mylib.__version__ < (1, 3),
           "not supported in this library version")
  def test_format(self):
    # Tests that work for only a certain version of the library.
    pass

  @unittest.skipUnless(sys.platform.startswith("win"), "requires Windows")
  def test_windows_support(self):
    # windows specific testing code
    pass

@unittest.skip("showing class skipping")
class MySkippedTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
  def test_not_run(self):
    pass