Python常用知识点汇总

class set(object):
  """
  set() -> new empty set object
  set(iterable) -> new set object
   
  Build an unordered collection of unique elements.
  """
  def add(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """
    Add an element to a set，添加元素
     
    This has no effect if the element is already present.
    """
    pass
 
  def clear(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """ Remove all elements from this set. 清楚内容"""
    pass
 
  def copy(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """ Return a shallow copy of a set. 浅拷贝 """
    pass
 
  def difference(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """
    Return the difference of two or more sets as a new set. A中存在，B中不存在
     
    (i.e. all elements that are in this set but not the others.)
    """
    pass
 
  def difference_update(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """ Remove all elements of another set from this set. 从当前集合中删除和B中相同的元素"""
    pass
 
  def discard(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """
    Remove an element from a set if it is a member.
     
    If the element is not a member, do nothing. 移除指定元素，不存在不保错
    """
    pass
 
  def intersection(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """
    Return the intersection of two sets as a new set. 交集
     
    (i.e. all elements that are in both sets.)
    """
    pass
 
  def intersection_update(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """ Update a set with the intersection of itself and another. 取交集并更更新到A中 """
    pass
 
  def isdisjoint(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """ Return True if two sets have a null intersection. 如果没有交集，返回True，否则返回False"""
    pass
 
  def issubset(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """ Report whether another set contains this set. 是否是子序列"""
    pass
 
  def issuperset(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """ Report whether this set contains another set. 是否是父序列"""
    pass
 
  def pop(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """
    Remove and return an arbitrary set element.
    Raises KeyError if the set is empty. 移除元素
    """
    pass
 
  def remove(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """
    Remove an element from a set; it must be a member.
     
    If the element is not a member, raise a KeyError. 移除指定元素，不存在保错
    """
    pass
 
  def symmetric_difference(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """
    Return the symmetric difference of two sets as a new set. 对称交集
     
    (i.e. all elements that are in exactly one of the sets.)
    """
    pass
 
  def symmetric_difference_update(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """ Update a set with the symmetric difference of itself and another. 对称交集，并更新到a中 """
    pass
 
  def union(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """
    Return the union of sets as a new set. 并集
     
    (i.e. all elements that are in either set.)
    """
    pass
 
  def update(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
    """ Update a set with the union of itself and others. 更新 """
    pass

b、数据类型模块举例

se = {11,22,33,44,55}
be = {44,55,66,77,88}
# se.add(66)
# print(se)  #添加元素，不能直接打印！
#
#
#
# se.clear()
# print(se)     #清除se集合里面所有的值，不能清除单个
#
#
#
# ce=be.difference(se)  #se中存在，be中不存在的值，必须赋值给一个新的变量
# print(ce)
#
#
# se.difference_update(be)
# print(se)         #在se中删除和be相同的值，不能赋值给一个新的变量，先输入转换，然后打印，也不能直接打印！
# se.discard(11)
# print(se)          #移除指定元素，移除不存在的时候，不会报错
# se.remove(11)
# print(se)       #移除指定的元素，移除不存在的会报错
# se.pop()
# print(se)        #移除随机的元素
#
#
# ret=se.pop()
# print(ret)       #移除元素，并且可以把移除的元素赋值给另一个变量
# ce = se.intersection(be)
# print(ce)    #取出两个集合的交集（相同的元素）
# se.intersection_update(be)
# print(se)    #取出两个集合的交集，并更新到se集合中
# ret = se.isdisjoint(be)
# print(ret)     #判断两个集合之间又没有交集，如果有交集返回False，没有返回True
# ret=se.issubset(be)
# print(ret)     #判断se是否是be集合的子序列，如果是返回True，不是返回Flase
# ret = se.issuperset(be)
# print(ret)     #判断se是不是be集合的父序列，如果是返回True，不是返回Flase
# ret=se.symmetric_difference(be)
# print(ret)     #对称交集，取出除了不相同的元素
# se.symmetric_difference_update(be)
# print(se)     #对称交集，取出不相同的元素并更新到se集合中
# ret = se.union(be)
# print(ret)     #并集，把两个元素集合并在一个新的变量中

import copy
# ######### 数字、字符串 #########
n1 = 123
# n1 = "i am alex age 10"
print(id(n1))
# ## 赋值 ##
n2 = n1
print(id(n2))
# ## 浅拷贝 ##
n2 = copy.copy(n1)
print(id(n2))
  
# ## 深拷贝 ##
n3 = copy.deepcopy(n1)
print(id(n3))

n1 = {"k1": "zhangyanlin", "k2": 123, "k3": ["Aylin", 456]}
n2 = n1

import copy
n1 = {"k1": "zhangyanlin", "k2": 123, "k3": ["aylin", 456]}
n3 = copy.copy(n1)

def 发送短信():
    
  发送短信的代码...
  
  if 发送成功:
    return True
  else:
    return False
  
  
while True:
    
  # 每次执行发送短信函数，都会将返回值自动赋值给result
  # 之后，可以根据result来写日志，或重发等操作
  
  result = 发送短信()
  if result == False:
    短信发送失败...

def func(*args):
 
  print args

# 执行方式一
func(11,33,4,4454,5)
 
# 执行方式二
li = [11,2,2,3,3,4,54]
func(*li)
　　

def func(**kwargs):
 
  print args
 
 
# 执行方式一
func(name＝'wupeiqi',age=18)
 
# 执行方式二
li = {'name':'wupeiqi', age:18, 'gender':'male'}
func(**li)

　def func(*args, **kwargs):
 
  print args
  print kwargs

def email(p,j,k):
  import smtplib
  from email.mime.text import MIMEText
  from email.utils import formataddr
 
  set = True
  try:
    msg = MIMEText('j', 'plain', 'utf-8') #j 邮件内容
    msg['From'] = formataddr(["武沛齐",'wptawy@126.com'])
    msg['To'] = formataddr(["走人",'424662508@qq.com'])
    msg['Subject'] = "k" #k主题
 
    server = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.126.com", 25)
    server.login("wptawy@126.com", "WW.3945.59")
    server.sendmail('wptawy@126.com', [p], msg.as_string())
    server.quit()
  except:
    set = False
  return True

formmail = input("请你输入收件人邮箱：")
zhuti  = input("请您输入邮件主题：")
neirong = input("请您输入邮件内容：")
aa=email(formmail,neirong,zhuti)
if aa:
  print("邮件发送成功!")
else:
  print("邮件发送失败!")