python通过ssh-powershell监控windows的方法

对于服务器的监控来说，监控linux不管是自己动手写脚本还是用一些开源的工具比如nagios，zenoss什么的。但毕竟还是有些公司有windows做服务器的，相对linux来说，windows没有方便的shell，cmd下提供的命令对于监控来说远远没有linux方便。但是现在windows上如果安装了powershell（win7，2008自带），就比以前方便多了，linux上的命令基本都能在powershell里执行，比如查看进程还是ps.

自己封装了一个python通过ssh（通过pexpect模块）调用powershell的脚本，里面包快ps，netstat，ping检测，查看硬盘，cpu信息和负载，内存信息。通过创建ssh_win32类对象，然后调用它的方法，返回的都是解析好的python对象。

ssh_powershell.py：

#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
from pexpect import *
class ssh_win32:
  def __init__(self, user, host, password=None,systemroot='c',papath='',timeout=5,verbose=0):
    self.user = user#监控机器的username
    self.host = host#监控机器的ip
    self.verbose = verbose
    self.password = password#密码
    self.timeout=timeout#执行命令的timeout
    self.systemroot=systemroot#windows 所安装的盘符
    if not papath:#powershell.exe的路径
self.powershell_path=self.systemroot+':/WINDOWS/system32/WindowsPowerShell/v1.0/powershell.exe '
    self.key = [
      'authenticity',
      'assword:',
      '@@@@@@@@@@@@',
      'Command not found.',
      EOF,
      ]
    self.f = open('ssh.out','w')
  def ssh(self,command):
    cmd='ssh -l %s %s %s'%(self.user,self.host,command)
    print "cmd:",cmd
    con=spawn(cmd,timeout=self.timeout)
    seen=con.expect(self.key)
    if seen == 0:
      con.sendline('yes')
      seen = con.expect(self.key)
    if seen == 1:
  #    if not self.password:
  #      self.password = getpass.getpass('Remote password: ')
      con.sendline(self.password)
      try:
        res=con.read()
      except Exception ,e:
        res=con.before
#      print "res:",res
    return res
  def ssh_disk(self):
    cmd=self.powershell_path+"Get-WmiObject win32_logicaldisk"
    res=self.ssh(cmd)
    disk={}
    if res:
      res=res.split('No such file or directory')[-1].replace('\r','').split('\n')
      res=[c for c in res if c]
#      print 'res:',res
    predisk='C'
    for d in res:
#      print d
      key,value=d.split(':',1)
#      print d
#      print 'key:',key,'value:',value
      key=key.strip()
      value=value.strip()
      if key=='DeviceID' and value not in disk.keys():
        predisk=value
        disk[predisk]={}
        disk[predisk][key]=value
      else:
        if key in ['FreeSpace','Size']:
          if value:
            value=int(value)/1024/1024/1024
        disk[predisk][key]=value
    for d in disk.keys():
      if disk[d]['DriveType']!='3':
        disk.pop(d)
#    print 'disk:',disk
    return disk
  def ssh_cpu(self): 
    cmd=self.powershell_path+'gwmi -computername localhost win32_Processor'
    res=self.ssh(cmd)
    res=res.split('No such file or directory')[-1].replace('\r','').split('\n')
    res=[r for r in res if r]
#    print res
    cpu={}
    for i in res:
#      print '='*10
#      print i
      i=i.split(':')
    #  print i
      if len(i)==2:
        key,value=i
      else:
        continue
      key=key.strip()
      value=value.strip()
#      print 'key:',key
#      print 'value:',value
      cpu[key]=value
    return cpu
  def ssh_memory(self):
    totalmem=self.powershell_path+'Get-WmiObject win32_OperatingSystem TotalVisibleMemorySize'
    freemem=self.powershell_path+'Get-WmiObject win32_OperatingSystem FreePhysicalMemory'
    memory={}
    for cmd in [totalmem,freemem]:
      res=self.ssh(cmd)
      if 'Win32_OperatingSystem' in res:
        res=res=res.replace('\r','').split('\n')
        res=[m for m in res if m][-1]
        print 'res:',res
        key,value=res.split(':')
        key=key.strip()
        value=value.strip()
        memory[key]=value
      else:
        print "not return data"
        return None
    return memory
  def ssh_ping(self,host):
    cmd='ping -n 1 %s'%host
    patt=r'.+?(\d*)% loss.*'
    res=self.ssh(cmd).replace('\r','').replace('\n','')
    print res
    m=re.match(patt,res)
    if m:
      lost_percent=m.group(1)
      print 'lost_percent:',lost_percent
      return int(lost_percent)
    else:
      return None
  def ssh_ps(self):
    cmd=self.powershell_path+'ps'
    res=self.ssh(cmd)
    ps=[]
    if '-- -----------' in res:
      res=res.replace('\r','').split('-- -----------')[-1].split('\n')
      res=[d for d in res if d.strip()]
      for p in res:
        process={}
        row=[para for para in p.split(' ') if para.strip()]
        process['handles']=row[0]
        process['npm']=row[1]
        process['pm']=row[2]
        process['ws']=row[3]
        process['vm']=row[4]
        process['cpu']=row[5]
        process['id']=row[6]
        process['process_name']=row[-1]
        ps.append(process)
#      print ps
      return ps
    else:
      return None
  def ssh_netstat(self):
    cmd='netstat -ao'
    res=self.ssh(cmd)
    netstat=[]
    if 'PID' in res:
      res=res.replace('\r','').split('PID')[-1].split('\n')
      res=[d for d in res if d.strip()]
      for p in res:
        process={}
        row=[para for para in p.split(' ') if para.strip()]
        process['proto']=row[0]
        process['local_address']=row[1]
        process['foreign_address']=row[2]
        process['state']=row[3]
        process['pid']=row[-1]
        netstat.append(process)
#      print netstat
      return netstat
    else:
      return None
if __name__ == "__main__":
cmd="c:/WINDOWS/system32/WindowsPowerShell/v1.0/powershell.exe ps"
  user='admin'
  host='192.168.123.105'
  password='123456'
  ssh=ssh_win32(user,host,password,systemroot='c',timeout=5)
#  print ssh.ssh_cpu()
#  print "\n\n\n\n"
#  print ssh.ssh_disk()
#  print "\n\n\n\n"
#  print ssh.ssh_memory()
#  print ssh.ssh_ping(host)
#  print ssh.ssh_ps()
#  print ssh.ssh_netstat()

希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。