使用Python程序抓取新浪在国内的所有IP的教程

新浪的IP数据接口为：

http://int.dpool.sina.com.cn/iplookup/iplookup.php?format=json&ip=123.124.2.85

返回的数据为：

代码如下:

{"ret":1,"start":"123.123.221.0","end":"123.124.158.29","country":"\u4e2d\u56fd","province":"\u5317\u4eac","city":"\u5317\u4eac","district":"","isp":"\u8054\u901a","type":"","desc":""}

其返回的内容中已经包含了省份+城市+行政区信息了，这就是我们真实想要的。

下面就来说说如何来抓取这部分IP数据，要抓取这部分数据的主要工作就是枚举，即将接口中的IP不断的替换，要替换所有的IP地址肯定不太可能，所以我们缩小下范围，只穷举所有中国的IP段。考虑到新浪的IP接口返回的是IP段，所以要穷举的部分又少了一部分。再考虑啊到IP段的最后一位及256个IP基本上都是在一个地区，所以我们要穷举的数据有少了很多。对于穷举最重要的是把IP地址换成INT型。

具体国内有多少IP地址段，可以到APNIC官方网站去查找或下面的文档

http://ftp.apnic.net/apnic/dbase/data/country-ipv4.lst

下面就来看看穷举程序如何写：

import re

 
def ipv3_to_int(s):
  l = [int(i) for i in s.split('.')]
  return (l[0] << 16) | (l[1] << 8) | l[2]

 
def int_to_ipv3(s):
  ip1 = s >> 16 & 0xFF
  ip2 = s >> 8 & 0xFF
  ip3 = s & 0xFF
  return "%d.%d.%d" % (ip1, ip2, ip3)

 
i = open('ChinaIPAddress.csv', 'r')
list = i.readlines()
for iplist in list:
  pattern = re.compile('(\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3})\.\d{1,3}')
  ips = pattern.findall(iplist)
  x = ips[0]
  y = ips[1]
  for ip in range (ipv3_to_int(x),ipv3_to_int(y)):
    ipadress=str(ip)
    #ip_address = int_to_ipv3(ip)
    o = open('ChinaIPAddress.txt','a')
    o.writelines(ipadress)
    o.writelines('\n')
  o.close()
i.close()

当上面的不走完成后就可以对新浪IP接口进行抓取了，抓取代码如下：

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import urllib,urllib2, simplejson, sqlite3, time

 
def ipv3_to_int(s):
  l = [int(i) for i in s.split('.')]
  return (l[0] << 16) | (l[1] << 8) | l[2]

 
def int_to_ipv4(s):
  ip1 = s >> 16 & 0xFF
  ip2 = s >> 8 & 0xFF
  ip3 = s & 0xFF
  return "%d.%d.%d.0" % (ip1, ip2, ip3)

 
def fetch(ipv4, **kwargs):
  kwargs.update({
    'ip': ipv4,
    'format': 'json',
  })
  DATA_BASE = "http://int.dpool.sina.com.cn/iplookup/iplookup.php"
  url = DATA_BASE + '?' + urllib.urlencode(kwargs)
  print url
  fails = 0
  try:
    result = simplejson.load(urllib2.urlopen(url,timeout=20))
  except (urllib2.URLError,IOError):
    fails += 1
    if fails < 10:
      result = fetch(ipv4)
    else:
      sleep_download_time = 60*10
      time.sleep(sleep_download_time)
      result = fetch(ipv4)
  return result

 
def dbcreate():
  c = conn.cursor()
  c.execute('''create table ipdata(
    ip integer primary key,
    ret integer,
    start text,
    end text,
    country text,
    province text,
    city text,
    district text,
    isp text,
    type text,
    desc text
  )''')
  conn.commit()
  c.close()

 
def dbinsert(ip,address):
  c = conn.cursor()
  c.execute('insert into ipdata values(?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)',(ip,address['ret'],address['start'],address['end'],address['country'],address['province'],address['city'],address['district'],address['isp'],address['type'],address['desc']))
  conn.commit()
  c.close()

 
conn = sqlite3.connect('ipaddress.sqlite3.db')
dbcreate()

 
i = open('ChinaIPAddress.txt','r')
list = [s.strip() for s in i.readlines()]
end = 0
for ip in list:
  ip = int(ip)
  if ip > end :
    ipaddress = int_to_ipv4(ip)
    info = fetch(ipaddress)
    if info['ret'] == -1:
      pass
    else:
      dbinsert(ip,info)
      end = ipv3_to_int(info['end'])
      print ip,end
  else :
    pass
i.close()

到此就能把新浪所有的国内IP数据给抓取出来，然后在数据分析的工程中大派用场。~