Linux安装mysql源码安装

1.假设已经有mysql-5.5.10.tar.gz以及cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz两个源文件 (1)先安装cmake（mysql5.5以后是通过cmake来编译的） [root@ rhel5 local] # tar -zxv -f cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz [root@ rhel5 local] # cd cmake-2.8.4 [root@ rhel5 cmake-2.8.4] # ./confi

1.假设已经有mysql-5.5.10.tar.gz以及cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz两个源文件

(1)先安装cmake（mysql5.5以后是通过cmake来编译的）

[root@ rhel5 local]<span>#</span><span>tar -zxv -f cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz</span>[root@ rhel5 local]<span>#</span><span>cd cmake-2.8.4</span>[root@ rhel5 cmake-2.8.4]<span>#</span><span>./configure</span>[root@ rhel5 cmake-2.8.4]<span>#</span><span>make</span>[root@ rhel5 cmake-2.8.4]<span>#</span><span>make install</span>

(2)创建mysql的安装目录及数据库存放目录

[root@ rhel5~]<span>#</span><span>mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql                 //安装mysql </span>[root@ rhel5~]<span>#</span><span>mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data            //存放数据库</span>

(3)创建mysql用户及用户组

[root@ rhel5~]groupadd mysql
[root@ rhel5~]useradd -r -g mysql mysql

(4)安装mysql

[root@ rhel5 local]<span>#</span><span>tar -zxv -f mysql-5.5.10.tar.gz</span>[root@ rhel5 local]<span>#</span><span>cd mysql-5.5.10</span>[root@ rhel5 mysql-5.5.10]<span>#</span><span>cmake . </span>-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci 

-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all 
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1
[root@ rhel5 mysql-5.5.10]<span>#</span><span>make</span>[root@ rhel5 mysql-5.5.10]<span>#</span><span>make install</span>

参数说明：

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql //安装目录

-DINSTALL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data //数据库存放目录

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 　　　　//使用utf8字符

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci //校验字符

-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all 　　　　//安装所有扩展字符集

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 　　 //允许从本地导入数据

注意事项：

重新编译时，需要清除旧的对象文件和缓存信息。

# make clean

# rm -f CMakeCache.txt

# rm -rf /etc/my.cnf

2.配置

(1)设置目录权限

[root@ rhel5~]<span>#</span><span> cd /usr/local/mysql</span>
[root@ rhel5 mysql]<span>#</span><span> chown -R root:mysql .　//把当前目录中所有文件的所有者所有者设为root，所属组为mysql</span>
[root@ rhel5 mysql]<span>#</span><span> chown -R mysql:mysql data</span>

(2)

[root@ rhel5 mysql]<span>#</span><span> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf　//将mysql的启动服务添加到系统服务中</span>

(3)创建系统数据库的表

[root@ rhel5 mysql]<span>#</span><span> cd /usr/local/mysql</span>[root@ rhel5 mysql]<span>#</span><span> scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql</span>

(4)设置环境变量

[root@ rhel5~]<span>#</span><span> vi /root/.bash_profile</span>
在PATH=<span>$PATH</span>:<span>$HOME</span>/bin添加参数为：
PATH=<span>$PATH</span>:<span>$HOME</span>/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib
[root@ rhel5~]<span>#</span><span>source /root/.bash_profile</span>

(5)手动启动mysql

[root@ rhel5~]<span>#</span><span> cd /usr/local/mysql</span>
[root@ rhel5 mysql]<span>#</span><span> ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & 　 //启动MySQL，但不能停止</span>
启动日志写在此文件下：/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.err
关闭MySQL服务
[root@ rhel5 mysql]<span>#</span><span> mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown　　//这里MySQL的root用户还没有配置密码，所以为空值。需要输入密码时，直接点回车键即可。</span>

(6)另一种简单的启动mysql的方法(mysql已经被添加到系统服务中)

[root@ rhel5~]<span>#</span><span> service mysql.server start  </span>[root@ rhel5~]<span>#</span><span> service mysql.server stop</span>[root@ rhel5~]<span>#</span><span> service mysql.server restart</span>

如果上述命令出现：mysql.server 未识别的服务

则可能mysql还没添加到系统服务中，下面用另一种方法添加：

[root@ rhel5 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysql　<span>//</span><span>将mysql的启动服务添加到系统服务中</span>

注意：主要是将mysql.server拷贝到/etc/init.d中，命名为mysql。在有的系统中，mysql.server在/usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server中，而本系统中，mysql.server在/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server中。

然后再用#service mysql start 来启动mysql即可。

(7)修改MySQL的root用户的密码以及打开远程连接

[root@ rhel5~]<span>#</span><span> mysql -u root mysql</span>
mysql>use mysql;
mysql>desc user;
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@<span>"</span><span>%</span><span>"</span> IDENTIFIED BY <span>"</span><span>root</span><span>"</span>;　　//为root添加远程连接的能力。
mysql>update user set Password = password('xxxxxx') where User='root';
mysql>select Host,User,Password  from user where User='root'; 
mysql>flush privileges;
mysql>exit
重新登录：mysql -u root -p
若还不能进行远程连接，则关闭防火墙
[root@ rhel5~]<span>#</span><span> /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables stop</span>

注：如果不能远程连接，出现错误mysql error number 1130，则加入下面语句试试：

mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '******' WITH GRANT OPTION;