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OracleDatabase物理文件之控制文件

时间:2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过:10人阅读

欢迎进入Oracle社区论坛,与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入 -- 连接到目标数据库 RMAN connect target /; connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1364371964) -- 备份控制文件 RMAN backup current controlfile; Starting backup at 23-FEB-14 using ta

欢迎进入Oracle社区论坛,与200万技术人员互动交流 >>进入

  -- 连接到目标数据库

  RMAN> connect target /;

  connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1364371964)

  -- 备份控制文件

  RMAN> backup current controlfile;

  Starting backup at 23-FEB-14

  using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

  allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

  channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=21 device type=DISK

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

  channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

  including current control file in backup set

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 23-FEB-14

  channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 23-FEB-14

  piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2014_02_23/o1_mf_ncnnf_TAG20140223T094340_9jlnlfnn_.bkp tag=TAG20140223T094340 comment=NONE

  channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

  Finished backup at 23-FEB-14

  -- 备份数据库及控制文件,数据库需要处于archivelog模式下

  RMAN> backup database include current controlfile;

  Starting backup at 23-FEB-14

  using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

  allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

  channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=142 device type=DISK

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

  channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

  input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf

  input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf

  input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf

  input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf

  input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 23-FEB-14

  channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 23-FEB-14

  piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2014_02_23/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140223T095613_9jlo9y7y_.bkp tag=TAG20140223T095613 comment=NONE

  channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:45

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

  channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

  including current control file in backup set

  including current SPFILE in backup set

  channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 23-FEB-14

  channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 23-FEB-14

  piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/ORCL/backupset/2014_02_23/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20140223T095613_9jlof8l7_.bkp tag=TAG20140223T095613 comment=NONE

  channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

  Finished backup at 23-FEB-14

  -- 查看当前的RMAN 参数设定

  RMAN> show all;

  RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name ORCL are:

  CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1;

  CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF;

  CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK;

  CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; -- 默认自动备份控制文件为关闭状态

  CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F';

  CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;

  CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1;

  CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1;

  CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED;

  CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF;

  CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128';

  CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE;

  CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE;

  CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.20.1/db_1/dbs/snapcf_orcl.f';

  -- 设置开启RMAN自动备份控制文件

  RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

  old RMAN configuration parameters:

  CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF;

  new RMAN configuration parameters:

  CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

  new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

  五 控制文件的缺失恢复

  1.丢失多个控制文件中的一个或多个

  缺失多个控制文件中的一个或多个,数据库启动时会报ORA-00205错误,导致数据库无法启动,如下:

  idle>startup

  ORACLE instance started.

  Total System Global Area 1050411008 bytes

  Fixed Size 1341168 bytes

  Variable Size 641730832 bytes

  Database Buffers 402653184 bytes

  Redo Buffers 4685824 bytes

  ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info

  -- 查看警告日志的位置,一般在数据库参数background_dump_dest指定的目录下

  idle>show parameter dump

  NAME TYPE VALUE

  ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

  background_core_dump string partial

  background_dump_dest string /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace

  core_dump_dest string /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orc l/orcl/cdump

  max_dump_file_size string unlimited

  shadow_core_dump string partial

  user_dump_dest string /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orc l/orcl/trace

  -- 查看警告日志中的错误信息,找不到控制文件

  [oracle@db trace]$ tail -f alert_orcl.log

  Sun Feb 23 10:08:13 2014

  ALTER DATABASE MOUNT

  ORA-00210: cannot open the specified control file

  ORA-00202: control file: '/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl'

  ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status

  Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory

  Additional information: 3

  ORA-205 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE MOUNT…

  Sun Feb 23 10:08:14 2014

  Checker run found 1 new persistent data failures

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