MySQL索引不生效的解决办法

存储引擎使用InnoDB。

一开始在主库查询，一直很好奇为什么索引不生效，切换到备库之后，发现备库是有效的。

开始考虑是不是因为索引出问题，后对索引重建，发现效率高了不少。

简单记录一下对比。

mysql> explain select * from runinfo where status in (0, 2, 1, 3, 4, 7, 9, 10);
+----+-------------+---------+-------+---------------+------+---------+------+----------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table   | type  | possible_keys | key  | key_len | ref  | rows     | Extra       |
+----+-------------+---------+-------+---------------+------+---------+------+----------+-------------+
|  1 | SIMPLE      | runinfo | All   | status_2      | NULL | NULL    | NULL |  2378055 | Using where |
+----+-------------+---------+-------+---------------+------+---------+------+----------+-------------+
row in set (0.00 sec)

上面是主库的执行计划。

对比一下备库的执行计划。

mysql> explain select * from runinfo where status in (0, 2, 1, 3, 4, 7, 9, 10);
+----+-------------+---------+-------+---------------+----------+---------+------+------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table   | type  | possible_keys | key      | key_len | ref  | rows | Extra       |
+----+-------------+---------+-------+---------------+----------+---------+------+------+-------------+
|  1 | SIMPLE      | runinfo | range | status_2      | status_2 | 4       | NULL |  116 | Using where |
+----+-------------+---------+-------+---------------+----------+---------+------+------+-------------+
row in set (0.00 sec)

可以看出，备库在查询时适应到索引 status_2。

执行如下的命令之后，问题解决。

mysql> OPTIMIZE TABLE runinfo;
+------------------+----------+----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Table            | Op       | Msg_type | Msg_text                                                          |
+------------------+----------+----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| schedule.runinfo | optimize | note     | Table does not support optimize, doing recreate + analyze instead |
| schedule.runinfo | optimize | status   | OK                                                                |
+------------------+----------+----------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
rows in set (47.13 sec)

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