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Informix和Oracle存储过程的异同

时间:2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过:31人阅读

建立存储过程的语法:

  一、Informix

  create procedure proc_name( [....in_parameter_list])

  returning out_para_list / out_result_set;

  二、Oracle

  create [or replace] procedure procedue_name

  [ (arg1 [ {in | out | in out }] type

  (argn [ {in | out | in out }] type,)]

  {is | as} --代替DECLARE关键字

  [ 变量定义区]

  begin

  end procedure_name;

  三、几个简单的例子

  1、没有参数也没有返回值

  1)Informix

  create procedure pNoParam()

  begin

  on exception

  rollback work;

  return;

  end exception

  begin work;

  delete from t1;

  delete from t2;

  commit work;

  end;

  end procedure;

  2)Oracle

  create or replace procedure pNoParam

  as

  begin

  delete from t1;

  delete from t2;

  commit;

  exception

  when others then

  begin

  rollback;

  end;

  end pNoParam;

  2、有输入输出

  往t1表中插入一条记录,返回值表示插入是否成功。

  1)Informix

  create procedure pNormalParam(f1 integer, f2 varchar(10))

  returning integer;

  begin

  on exception

  rollback work;

  return -1;

  end exception

  begin work;

  insert into t1 values(f1, f2);

  commit work;

  return 0;

  2)Oracle

  create or replace procedure pNormalParam(f1 number,

  f2 varchar2, v_Result out number)

  as

  begin

  insert into t1 values(f1,f2);

  commit;

  v_Result = 0;

  return;

  exception

  when others then

  begin

  rollback;

  v_Result := -1;

  end;

  end pNormalParam;

  需要注意的是,在oracle存储过程中,参数是不能加上size的,比如f1,在t1表中该字段是number(10,0),而这里只能写number,而不能写number(10,0)。

  

  

  3、返回记录集

  1)Informix

  create procedure pReturnSet() returning integer, varchar(10);

  define i integer;

  define j varchar(10);

  foreach

  select f1, f2 into i, j from t1

  return i, j with resume;

  end foreach;

  end procedure;

  2)Oracle

  create or replace package TestRefCursorPkg as type TestRefCursorTyp is ref cursor; procedure pReturnSet(RefCursor out TestRefCursorTyp); end TestRefCursorPkg;

  create or replace package body TestRefCursorPkg as

  procedure pReturnSet (RefCursor out TestRefCursorTyp)

  as

  localCursor TestRefCursorTyp;

  begin

  open localCursor for select f1, f2 from t1;

  RefCursor := localCursor;

  end pReturnSet;

  end TestRefCursorPkg;

  /

  四、其他差异说明

  1、错误捕捉

  1)Informix使用

  on exception

  end exception

  2)Oracle

  使用

  exception

  when others then

  2、对游标的处理

  1)Informix

  create procedure pHasCursor()

  define v_f1 integer;

  begin

  on exception

  rollback work;

  return;

  end exception

  begin work;

  foreach curt1 with hold for

  select f1 into v_f1 from t1 -- 注意这里没有分号

  if (v_f1 = 1) then

  update t1 set f2 = 'one' where current of curt1;

  elif (v_f1 = 2) then

  update t1 set f2 = 'two' where current of curt1;

  else

  update t1 set f2 = 'others' where current of curt1;

  end if;

  end foreach;

  commit work;

  end;

  end procedure;

  2)Oracle

  create or replace procedure pHasCursor

  as

  v_f1 number(10,0);

  cursor curt1 is

  select f1 from t1 for update;

  begin

  open curt1;

  loop

  fetch curt1 into v_f1;

  exit when curt1%notfound;

  if (v_f1 = 1) then

  update t1 set f2 = 'one' where current of curt1;

  elsif (v_f1 = 2) then

  update t1 set f2 = 'two' where current of curt1;

  else

  update t1 set f2 = 'others' where current of curt1;

  end if;

  end loop;

  commit;

  return;

  exception

  when others then

  begin

  rollback;

  end;

  end pHasCursor;

  3、在存储过程中调用另外一个存储过程

  1)Informix

  Call pNoParam();

  Call pNormalParam(1, ‘a’) returning v_Result;

  2)Oracle

  pNoParam;

  pNormalParam(1, ‘a’, v_Result);

  4、日期操作

  1)当前时间

  ① Informix

  define cur_dtime_var datetime year to second;

  当前日期时间: let cur_dtime_var = current; -- datetime

  ② Oracle

  Currtime date;

  Currtime := sysdate;

  2)当前日期的增减

  ① Informix

  let tmp_date = today + 3 UNITS day; -- 当前时间加三天

  let tmp_datetime = current + 1 UNITS second; -- 当前时间加1秒种

  ② Oracle

  Tmp_date := sysdate + 3; -- 当前时间加三天

  Tmp_date := sysdate + 1/24/3600; --当前时间加1秒种

  3)日期转换成字符串

  ① Informix

  let v_PeriodEndTime = year(v_date)||extend(v_date,month to month)

  ||extend(v_date,day to day) ||extend(v_date,hour to hour)

  ||extend(v_date,minute to minute)|| extend(v_date,second to second);

  ② Oracle

  v_PeriodEndTime := to_char(v_date, 'yyyymmddhh24miss');

   4)字符串转换成日期

  假设字符串的形式是yyyymmddhhmiss形式的

  ① Informix

  -- 直接转换成日期

  let v_BeginDate = substr(v_BeginTime,1,4)||'-'||substr(v_BeginTime,5,2)

  ||'-'||substr(v_BeginTime,7,2)||' '||substr(v_BeginTime,9,2)

  ||':'||substr(v_BeginTime,11,2)||':'||substr(v_BeginTime,13,2);

  -- 这个月的第一天

  let v_date = substr(v_BeginTime,1,4)||'-'

  ||substr(v_BeginTime,5,2)||'-1 00:00:00';

  -- 这个星期的第一天

  let v_date = substr(v_BeginTime,1,4)||'-'||substr(v_BeginTime,5,2)

  ||'-'||substr(v_BeginTime,7,2)||' 00:00:00';

  let v_week = weekday(v_date);

  let v_date = v_date - v_week UNITS day;

  ② Oracle

  -- 直接转换成日期

  v_BeginDate := to_date(v_BeginTime, 'yyyymmddhh24miss');

  -- 这个月的第一天

  v_BeginDate := trunc(to_date(v_BeginTime, 'yyyymmddhh24miss'), ‘mm’);

  -- 这个星期的第一天

  v_BeginDate := trunc(to_date(v_BeginTime, 'yyyymmddhh24miss'), ‘day’);

  5)事务

  在oracle中缺省情况下,一个事务的结束就是下一个事务的开始,所以对于一个事务来说,我们只要写commit;即可,不需要明确标出什么时候开始一个事务,而informix需要。

  6)打印调试信息

  7)Informix

  --设置跟踪模式

  set debug file to "trace_check"; -- with append;

  --说明“with append”表示以追加模式打开跟踪结果文件

  trace '开始执行存储过程'

  trace 'v_date='||v_date;

  trace ‘存储过程执行完毕’

  trace off;

  执行完以后打开当前目录下的trace_check即可看到打印出来的信息。

  8)Oracle

  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(‘开始执行存储过程’);

  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('v_date='||v_date);

  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(‘存储过程执行完毕’);

  先设置一下缓冲区的大小

  set serveroutput on size 100000; -- 如果不执行该语句,会看不到调试信息

  执行完毕以后,打印出来的信息就会直接显示在界面上。

  5、关于参数的说明

  如果存储过程想返回一个参数,在informix中是通过返回值的形式实现的,而在oracle是通过输出参数或者输入输出参数实现的。

  举例:

  1)Informix:

  create procedure p1() returning integer;

  return 0;

  end procedure;

  2)oracle:

  create or replace procedure p1(x out number)

  as

  begin

  x := 0;

  end p1;

  6、赋值

  1)informix

  let v_1 = 100;

  2)oracle

  v_1 := 100;

  7、if语句

  1)informix

  if (v_1 =100) then

  elif (v_1=200) then

  Else

  end if;

  2)oracle

  if (v_1 =100) then

  elsif (v_1=200) then

  Else

  end if;

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