mysqldba系统学习（17）mysql的备份和恢复的完整实践

mysql的备份和恢复的完整实践一,备份数据库之间的环境设置1，创建数据库test1，创建表tt插入如下数据mysqlcreatedatabasetest1;QueryOK,1rowaffected..

mysql的备份和恢复的完整实践

一,备份数据库之间的环境设置

1，创建数据库test1，创建表tt 插入如下数据

mysql> create database test1; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec) mysql> use test1 Database changed mysql> create table tt(id int,name varchar(100),msg varchar(200)) engine=myisam; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.18 sec) mysql> insert into tt values(1,'chenzhongyang','how are you'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into tt values(2,'tianhongyan','BMW'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into tt values(3,'jisuanji','why'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

2，由于我设置的二进制日志文件的记录格式是row，所以每一行的数据改变就会记录一次日志

mysql> show variables like "%format%"

-> ;

+---------------------+-------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+---------------------+-------------------+

| binlog_format | ROW |

3， 此时只有一个二进制日志文件

mysql> show binary logs;

+-----------------+-----------+

| Log_name | File_size |

+-----------------+-----------+

| mysqlbin.000161 | 1133 |

+-----------------+-----------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

4，查看二进制日志文件的内容

二进制日志文件 end_log_pos 1133

[root@test4 ~]# mysqlbinlog '/tmp/mysqlbin.000161' 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。 # at 588 #130905 22:26:42 server id 1 end_log_pos 658 Query thread_id=7 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1378391202/*!*/; COMMIT /*!*/; # at 658 #130905 22:27:15 server id 1 end_log_pos 727 Query thread_id=7 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1378391235/*!*/; BEGIN /*!*/; # at 727 # at 775 #130905 22:27:15 server id 1 end_log_pos 775 Table_map: `test1`.`tt` mapped to number 21 #130905 22:27:15 server id 1 end_log_pos 827 Write_rows: table id 21 flags: STMT_END_F BINLOG ' w5QoUhMBAAAAMAAAAAcDAAAAABUAAAAAAAEABXRlc3QxAAJ0dAADAw8PBCwBWAIH w5QoUhcBAAAANAAAADsDAAAAABUAAAAAAAEAA//4AgAAAAsAdGlhbmhvbmd5YW4DAEJNVw== '/*!*/; # at 827 #130905 22:27:15 server id 1 end_log_pos 897 Query thread_id=7 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1378391235/*!*/; COMMIT /*!*/; # at 897 #130905 22:27:56 server id 1 end_log_pos 966 Query thread_id=7 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1378391276/*!*/; BEGIN /*!*/; # at 966 # at 1014 #130905 22:27:56 server id 1 end_log_pos 1014 Table_map: `test1`.`tt` mapped to number 21 #130905 22:27:56 server id 1 end_log_pos 1063 Write_rows: table id 21 flags: STMT_END_F BINLOG ' 7JQoUhMBAAAAMAAAAPYDAAAAABUAAAAAAAEABXRlc3QxAAJ0dAADAw8PBCwBWAIH 7JQoUhcBAAAAMQAAACcEAAAAABUAAAAAAAEAA//4AwAAAAgAamlzdWFuamkDAHdoeQ== '/*!*/; # at 1063 #130905 22:27:56 server id 1 end_log_pos 1133 Query thread_id=7 exec_time=0 error_code=0 SET TIMESTAMP=1378391276/*!*/; COMMIT /*!*/; DELIMITER ; # End of log file ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */; /*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;

二，备份数据库test1

1，mysqldump备份数据库

[root@test4 ~]# mysqldump --databases test1 --skip-opt --quick --extended-insert=false --lock-all-tables --master-data=2 -u root -p123456 > /tmp/test1.sql

2，查看备份文件

我们发现这个时候记录的开始位置正好是1133，如下就是证明

CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysqlbin.000161', MASTER_LOG_POS=1133;

[root@test4 ~]# cat /tmp/test1.sql -- MySQL dump 10.13 Distrib 5.1.70, for unknown-linux-gnu (x86_64) -- -- Host: localhost Database: test1 -- ------------------------------------------------------ -- Server version 5.1.70-log /*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */; /*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */; /*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */; /*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */; /*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */; /*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */; -- -- Position to start replication or point-in-time recovery from -- -- CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysqlbin.000161', MASTER_LOG_POS=1133; -- -- Current Database: `test1` -- CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/ `test1` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */; USE `test1`; -- -- Table structure for table `tt` -- /*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client = @@character_set_client */; /*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */; CREATE TABLE `tt` ( `id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL, `name` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL, `msg` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL ); /*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */; -- -- Dumping data for table `tt` -- INSERT INTO `tt` VALUES (1,'chenzhongyang','how are you'); INSERT INTO `tt` VALUES (2,'tianhongyan','BMW'); INSERT INTO `tt` VALUES (3,'jisuanji','why'); /*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=@OLD_TIME_ZONE */; /*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */; /*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */; /*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */; /*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */; -- Dump completed on 2013-09-05 22:48:50

三，对表进行修改插入数据然后误删表

由于我们不小心把表tt给删除了，那么我们就要把表tt通过二进制日志给恢复过来

mysql> insert into tt values(4,'shuijunyi','boss');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into tt values(5,'zhujun','may I know your name');

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from tt;

+------+---------------+----------------------+

| id | name | msg |

+------+---------------+----------------------+

| 1 | chenzhongyang | how are you |

| 2 | tianhongyan | BMW |

| 3 | jisuanji | why |

| 4 | shuijunyi | boss |

| 5 | zhujun | may I know your name |

+------+---------------+----------------------+

5 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> drop table tt;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

四，，查看执行误操作的位置

通过show master status; 可以查看当前的二进制日志文件的位置

mysql> show master status;

+-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |

+-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| mysqlbin.000161 | 1622 | | |

+-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)