MySQL5.5.35单机多实例配置详解

一、前言二、概述三、环境准备四、安装MySQL5.5.35五、新建支持多实例的配置文件（我这里配置的是四个实例）六、初始化多实例数据库七、提供管理脚本mysqld_mult

2.背景/需求、注意事项

(1).背景与需求

(2).注意事项

三、环境准备

1.安装yum源

[root@node1 src]# wget [root@node1 src]# rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

2.同步时间

[root@node1 src]# yum install -y ntp [root@node1 src]# ntpdate 202.120.2.101 [root@node1 src]# hwclock –w

3.安装mysql5.5依赖包

[root@node1 ~]# yum install -y autoconf* automake* zlib* libxml* ncurses-devel* libgcrypt* libtool* openssl*

4.安装cmake

[root@node1 ~]# yum install -y cmake

四、安装MySQL 5.5.35

1.创建安装目录与数据存放目录

[root@node1 ~]# mkdir /data/mysql [root@node1 ~]# mkdir /data/mysql/data

2.创建mysql用户与组

[root@node1 ~]# useradd mysql [root@node1 ~]# id mysql uid=500(mysql) gid=500(mysql) 组=500(mysql)

3.授权安装目录与数据目录

[root@node1 ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/ [root@node1 ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/data

4.安装mysql

[root@node1 ~]# cd src/ [root@node1 src]# tar xf mysql-5.5.35.tar.gz [root@node1 src]# cd mysql-5.5.35 [root@node1 mysql-5.5.35]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/data/mysql -DSYSCONFDIR=/data/mysql/etc -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/data -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysqld.sock -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_SSL=system -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 [root@node1 mysql-5.5.35]# make && make install

好了，到这里我们的mysql就安装完成了，下面我们为mysql提供多实例配置文件。

五、新建支持多实例的配置文件（我这里配置的是四个实例）

1.删除默认的数据目录

[root@node1 ~]# cd /data/mysql/ [root@node1 mysql]# rm -rf data

2.创建多实例配置需要的目录

[root@node1 mysql]# mkdir etc tmp run log binlogs data data2 data3 data4 [root@node1 mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql tmp run log binlogs data data2 data3 data4

3.提供配置文件

[root@node1 ~]# cd src/ [root@node1 src]# cd mysql-5.5.35 [root@node1 mysql-5.5.35]# cp support-files/my-small.cnf /data/mysql/etc/my.cnf [root@node1 ~]# cd /data/mysql/etc/ [root@node1 etc]# vim my.cnf # This server may run 4+ separate instances. So we use mysqld_multi to manage their services. [client] default-character-set = utf8 [mysqld_multi] mysqld = /data/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe mysqladmin = /data/mysql/bin/mysqladmin log = /data/mysql/log/mysqld_multi.log user = root #password = # This is the general purpose database. # The locations are default. # They are left in [mysqld] in case the server is started normally instead of by mysqld_multi. [mysqld1] socket = /data/mysql/run/mysqld.sock port = 3306 pid-file = /data/mysql/run/mysqld.pid datadir = /data/mysql/data lc-messages-dir = /data/mysql/share/english # These support master - master replication #auto-increment-increment = 4 #auto-increment-offset = 1 # Since it is master 1 log-bin = /data/mysql/binlogs/bin-log-mysqld1 log-bin-index = /data/mysql/binlogs/bin-log-mysqld1.index #binlog-do-db = # Leave this blank if you want to control it on slave max_binlog_size = 1024M # This is exlusively for mysqld2 # It is on 3307 with data directory /data/mysqld/data2 [mysqld2] socket = /data/mysql/run/mysqld.sock2 port = 3307 pid-file = /data/mysql/run/mysqld.pid2 datadir = /data/mysql/data2 lc-messages-dir = /data/mysql/share/english # Disable DNS lookups #skip-name-resolve # These support master - slave replication log-bin = /data/mysql/binlogs/bin-log-mysqld2 log-bin-index = /data/mysql/binlogs/bin-log-mysqld2.index #binlog-do-db = # Leave this blank if you want to control it on slave max_binlog_size = 1024M # Relay log settings #relay-log = /data/mysql/log/relay-log-mysqld2 #relay-log-index = /data/mysql/log/relay-log-mysqld2.index #relay-log-space-limit = 4G # Slow query log settings #log-slow-queries = /data/mysql/log/slow-log-mysqld2 #long_query_time = 2 #log-queries-not-using-indexes # This is exlusively for mysqld3 # It is on 3308 with data directory /data/mysqld/data3 [mysqld3] socket = /data/mysql/run/mysqld.sock3 port = 3308 pid-file = /data/mysql/run/mysqld.pid3 datadir = /data/mysql/data3 lc-messages-dir = /data/mysql/share/english #Disable DNS lookups #skip-name-resolve # These support master - slave replication log-bin = /data/mysql/binlogs/bin-log-mysqld3 log-bin-index = /data/mysql/binlogs/bin-log-mysqld3.index #binlog-do-db = # Leave this blank if you want to control it on slave max_binlog_size = 1024M # This is exlusively for mysqld4 # It is on 3309 with data directory /data/mysqld/data4 [mysqld4] socket = /data/mysql/run/mysqld.sock4 port = 3309 pid-file = /data/mysql/run/mysqld.pid4 datadir = /data/mysql/data4 lc-messages-dir = /data/mysql/share/english # Disable DNS lookups #skip-name-resolve # These support master - slave replication log-bin = /data/mysql/binlogs/bin-log-mysqld4 log-bin-index = /data/mysql/binlogs/bin-log-mysqld4.index #binlog-do-db = # Leave this blank if you want to control it on slave max_binlog_size = 1024M # The rest of the my.cnf is shared # Here follows entries for some specific programs # The MySQL server [mysqld] basedir = /data/mysql tmpdir = /data/mysql/tmp socket = /data/mysql/run/mysqld.sock port = 3306 pid-file = /data/mysql/run/mysqld.pid datadir = /data/mysql/data lc-messages-dir = /data/mysql/share/english skip-external-locking key_buffer_size = 16K max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 4 sort_buffer_size = 64K read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 256K net_buffer_length = 2K thread_stack = 128K # Increase the max connections max_connections = 2 # The expiration time for logs, including binlogs expire_logs_days = 14 # Set the character as utf8 character-set-server = utf8 collation-server = utf8_unicode_ci # This is usually only needed when setting up chained replication #log-slave-updates # Enable this to make replication more resilient against server crashes and restarts # but can cause higher I/O on the server #sync_binlog = 1 # The server id, should be unique in same network server-id = 1 # Set this to force MySQL to use a particular engine/table-type for new tables # This setting can still be overridden by specifying the engine explicitly # in the CREATE TABLE statement default-storage-engine = INNODB # Enable Per Table Data for InnoDB to shrink ibdata1 innodb_file_per_table = 1 # Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables #innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql/data #innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend #innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysql/data # You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 % of RAM # but beware of setting memory usage too high innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M # Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size innodb_log_file_size = 5M innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 8M sort_buffer_size = 8M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout [mysql.server] user = mysql [mysqld_safe] log-error = /data/mysql/log/mysqld.log pid-file = /data/mysql/run/mysqld.pid open-files-limit = 8192