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undo损坏案列

时间:2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过:64人阅读

公司一台测试环境的基于linux 平台下 oracle 11.2.0.3 的数据库,为开归档,未备份。 21号晚上,因/目录下 空间使用%100,oracle HOME目录在系统 / 目录下: 因硬盘资源占尽,不能连接操作,oracle 数据库挂起。 某人的操作,查看undotbs1 占用最大,通过mv 移

公司一台测试环境的基于linux 平台下 oracle 11.2.0.3 的数据库,为开归档,未备份。 21号晚上,因/目录下 空间使用%100,oracle HOME目录在系统 / 目录下:
因硬盘资源占尽,不能连接操作,oracle 数据库挂起。
某人的操作,查看undotbs1 占用最大,通过mv 移动到 另一目录,同时系统被重启,使得undotbs1 数据文件损坏,不能使用,最后又做了一个rm 操作, 重启库,导致故障出现!
报错一:
Wed Jan 22 09:42:50 2014 ALTER DATABASE OPEN Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/gtadata13/gtadata13/trace/gtadata13_dbw0_4245.trc: ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 3 - see DBWR trace file ORA-01110: data file 3: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/gtadata13/undotbs01.dbf' ORA-27047: unable to read the header block of file Linux-x86_64 Error: 25: Inappropriate ioctl for device Additional information: 1 Wed Jan 22 09:42:52 2014 Checker run found 1 new persistent data failures Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/gtadata13/gtadata13/trace/gtadata13_ora_4361.trc: ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 3 - see DBWR trace file ORA-01110: data file 3: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/gtadata13/undotbs01.dbf' ORA-1157 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...
--- 就是oracle 在mount后,不能加载到open 状态。

2 接下来操作: 因为undo tablespace 数据文件undotbs1 没有了,想通过重建一个undo 表空间 undotbs2 把数据库启动到open 状态
操作:
SQL> show parameter undo NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ undo_management string AUTO undo_retention integer 900 undo_tablespace string UNDOTBS1
SQL > CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS2 DATAFILE '/XXXX.DBF' SIZE 32M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 32M MAXSIZE 10G; --重创建表空间 SQL > SELECT * FROM V$TABLESAPCE SELECT NAME,STATUS FROM V$DATAFILE -- 查询其状态值 SQL > ALTER SYSTEM SET UNDO_TABLESPACE=UNDOTBS2 SCOPE=BOTH -- 通过show parameter undo 查看是否使用。
3 此时,数据库可以open起来, 但是通过client ,或者其他用户连接时,报错:
报错二 SQL> conn input/INPUT ERROR: ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1 ORA-00376: file 3 cannot be read at this time ORA-01110: data file 3: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/gtadata13/undotbs01.dbf' ORA-02002: error while writing to audit trail ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1 ORA-00376: file 3 cannot be read at this time ORA-01110: data file 3: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/gtadata13/undotbs01.dbf'
4 根据报错,发现不仅仅是 undotbs1数据文件有问题,还有开启了审计 audit: 如是
先关闭审计 SQL > SHOW PARAMETER AUDIT NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ audit_file_dest string /u01/app/oracle/admin/gtadata1 3/adump audit_sys_operations boolean FALSE audit_syslog_level string audit_trail string DB
SQL > alter system set audit_trail=none scope=spfile -- 设置后需要重启库。 --具体见审计
5 再通过对undotbs1数据文件操作,使其offline 处理(看行否)
SQL > alter database datafile 3 offline drop ;
6 通过 v$logfile,dba_tablespaces, dba_data_files 查看数据表空间,数据文件的状态:
SQL> select tablespace_name,file_id,file_name from dba_data_files; TABLESPACE_NAME FILE_ID FILE_NAME ------- ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------- USERS 4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/gtadata13/users01.dbf UNDOTBS1 3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/gtadata13/undotbs01.dbf SQL> select status,tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces; STATUS TABLESPACE_NAME --------- ------------------------------ ONLINE SYSTEM ONLINE SYSAUX ONLINE UNDOTBS1

7 此时发现undotbs1 数据文件还在,同时undotbs1 表空online
如是操作:
报错三 SQL> alter tablespace UNDOTBS1 offline; alter tablespace UNDOTBS1 offline * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01191: file 3 is already offline - cannot do a normal offline ORA-01110: data file 3: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/gtadata13/undotbs01.dbf' --- 此时心想,怎么不能offline了,看能否风能 temporary offline 查询数据文件头,select FILE#,checkpoint_change#,recover, fuzzy from v$datafile_header;
最后通过 SQL> alter system checkpoint; --做一个检查点,再试试: System altered. SQL> alter tablespace undotbs1 offline temporary; Tablespace altered.
再次通过 dba_tablespaces 查看 undotbs1 的状态,发现 是否offline。 offline 状态。
8 测试再看看能否通过其他用户连接或client 连接: -- 发现ok,可以通过其他用户连接了,但是一些程序 涉及到报错:
报错四:

\

执行存储过程失败 ORA-00376: 此时无法读取文件 3 ORA-01110: 数据文件 3: "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/gtadata13/undotbs01.dbf' ORA-06512: 在 "GTA_DATA.SP_QA_TIMELINESS", line 54 ORA-06512: 在 line 1
如是想了想 ,确实,因为undotbs1 是通过物理删除的,那么oracle 一致性 会是这些需要recovery恢复:

9 既然offline,可否删除掉,(估计比较麻烦,这回退给干掉了,怎么回退了?)
通过dba_rollback_segs 发现 还有很多 recovery 的undotbs1 段需要回滚恢复,是数据一致性。
SQL> select segment_name,tablespace_name,status from dba_rollback_segs; SEGMENT_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------------- SYSTEM SYSTEM ONLINE _SYSSMU122_928896348$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE _SYSSMU121_4101333926$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE _SYSSMU120_471964226$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE _SYSSMU119_3645569891$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE _SYSSMU118_1816999230$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE _SYSSMU117_3513527861$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE _SYSSMU116_2167311593$ UNDOTBS1 OFFLINE _SYSSMU90_1969094056$ UNDOTBS1 NEEDS RECOVERY _SYSSMU89_2804401042$ UNDOTBS1 NEEDS RECOVERY _SYSSMU88_3446396459$ UNDOTBS1 NEEDS RECOVERY _SYSSMU87_268667266$ UNDOTBS1 NEEDS RECOVERY _SYSSMU86_1912503840$ UNDOTBS1 NEEDS RECOVERY _SYSSMU85_2732352333$ UNDOTBS1 NEEDS RECOVERY _SYSSMU84_1805825668$ UNDOTBS1 NEEDS RECOVERY _SYSSMU83_1984855352$ UNDOTBS1 NEEDS RECOVERY _SYSSMU212_1777710046$ UNDOTBS2 ONLINE _SYSSMU211_3260590093$ UNDOTBS2 ONLINE _SYSSMU210_1915944113$ UNDOTBS2 ONLINE _SYSSMU209_2868303011$ UNDOTBS2 ONLINE _SYSSMU208_3687438092$ UNDOTBS2 ONLINE _SYSSMU207_752508113$ UNDOTBS2 ONLINE
此时,百度,及询问了一些高手,说最好做个备份: 如是想通过expdp 导入导出:
报错五:
[oracle@gtadata13 dump_dir]$ impdp dcsys/DCSYS directory=dump_dir dumpfile=TBL_CHN_FN_ForecFin.dmp Import: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Wed Jan 22 14:40:30 2014 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options ORA-31626: job does not exist ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_SYS_ERROR", line 79 ORA-06512: at "SYS.KUPV$FT", line 1042 ORA-31637: cannot create job SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01 for user DCSYS ORA-31632: master table "DCSYS.SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01" not found, invalid, or inaccessible ORA-31635: unable to establish job resource synchronization ORA-06512: at "SYS.DBMS_SYS_ERROR", line 79 ORA-06512: at "SYS.KUPV$FT_INT", line 2401 ORA-00376: file 3 cannot be read at this time ORA-01110: data file 3: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/gtadata13/undotbs01.dbf' -- 这也不行,看来,只能老实的弄了
10 ,打算删除 这offline undotbs1表空间,看是否跳过:
报错六:
SQL> drop tablespace undotbs1; drop tablespace undotbs1 * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01548: active rollback segment '_SYSSMU1_1240252155$' found, terminate dropping tablespace SQL> DROP ROLLBACK SEGMENT "_SYSSMU1_1240252155$"; DROP ROLLBACK SEGMENT "_SYSSMU1_1240252155$" * ERROR at line 1: ORA-30025: DROP segment '_SYSSMU1_1240252155$' (in undo tablespace) not allowed
再次通过百度,高手请教: 发现需要在pfile 上 添加隐藏参数文件_offline_rollback_segments (‘xx’)和 _corrupted_rollback_segments ('xx') 后再删除,看否跳过
在pfile中加入参数 _offline_rollback_segments=(‘’) _corrupted_rollback_segments=(‘’) ---括号参数为dba_rollback_segs中 undotbs1 status 为need recovery 状态的这种值“_SYSSMU122_928896348$”
10 : 于是通过 pfile添加影藏参数 或者 alter system set _offline_rollback_segments = " 值 " socpe=spfile
alter system set _corrupted_rollback_segments = " 值 " socpe=spfile 进行操作。
当时我通过重建pfile参数文件 *._offline_rollback_segments=('_SYSSMU90_1969094056$',。。。。) *._corrupted_rollback_segments=('_SYSSMU90_1969094056$', 来操作
然后 通过删除所有 dba_rollback_segs 下的所有值后,在drop undotbs1 表空间:
SQL> drop rollback segment "_SYSSMU1_1240252155$"; ---注意双引号不能有空格 Rollback segment dropped. ---对应的值,一个一个删除。

11 : 最后删除 undotbs1 表空间 ---ok,可以删除了,再通过dba_rollback_segs发现,没有了undtotbs1 的表空间了。
SQL> select segment_name,tablespace_name,status from dba_rollback_segs; SEGMENT_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------------- SYSTEM SYSTEM ONLINE _SYSSMU212_1777710046$ UNDOTBS2 ONLINE _SYSSMU211_3260590093$ UNDOTBS2 ONLINE _SYSSMU210_1915944113$ UNDOTBS2 ONLINE _SYSSMU209_2868303011$ UNDOTBS2 ONLINE _SYSSMU208_3687438092$ UNDOTBS2 ONLINE _SYSSMU207_752508113$ UNDOTBS2 ONLINE _SYSSMU206_883733676$ UNDOTBS2 ONLINE _SYSSMU205_725465268$ UNDOTBS2 ONLINE _SYSSMU204_1401227473$ UNDOTBS2 ONLINE _SYSSMU203_3100642042$ UNDOTBS2 ONLINE


12 : 扫尾: a: 恢复原来好审计功能设置, b: 多切换几次,查看业务数据 c: 这样操作,虽然 可以了,但是有部分业务数据丢失 d: 做好备份 e: 就像大师说的,遇事,莫急躁

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