RMAN常用配置命令解释

1.RMAN的登陆退出命令： 方法一：$rman nocatalog 直接进入rman，以非 catalog 方式进行备份,也可以不要nocatalogrman〉 connect

方法一：$rman nocatalog 直接进入rman，以非 catalog 方式进行备份,也可以不要nocatalog
rman〉 connect target / 连接到 target database

方法二：rmantarget / rman target / nocatalog

方法三：rmantarget sys/oraclesys@bys 登陆远程数据库 或登陆本机的非操作系统验证库

方法四：rmantarget sys/oraclesys 登陆到默认本机数据库

方法五： rman targetsys/oraclesys@192.168.0.181:1521/orcl

方法六： rmantarget sys/oraclesys@xporacle:1521/orcl

退出：exit

可以在RMAN中执行SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE,STARTUP MOUNT等SQL命令

执行操作系统 命令需要加 host

执行SQL命令需要加 sql ，不能执行查询语句

Show all 查看RMAN全局配置

RMAN>show channel;

RMAN> show device type;

RMAN> show default device type;

report schema 查看目标数据库物理结果，能显示出表空间及对应数据文件的信息

RMAN> list backup;

RMAN> list backup of database;

RMAN> list backup of tablespacetable_name;

RMAN> list backup of controlfile;

RMAN> list backup of spfile;

RMAN> list backupset id; 这里ID指的是备份集的ID号 比如2、3.

RMAN> crosscheck backup;

RMAN> crosscheck backup of database;

RMAN> crosscheck backup of tablespacesystem;

RMAN> crosscheck backup of controlfile;

RMAN> crosscheck backup of spfile;

RMAN> crosscheck archivelog all;

在执行删除命令时有两点需要了解：

提示：

注意这里oracle对于obsolete和expired的定义与我们常规理解是相反的。Oracle的定义是这样的，对于手工删除的文件，物理上已经 不存在了的，在执行了crosscheck之后，oracle将其标记为expired，而对于那些超出了备份保留策略的备份集备份片，则标记为 obsolete。

RMAN> report obsolete; 报告陈旧备份

RMAN> delete obsolete; -- 删除陈旧备份

RMAN> delete expired backup;

RMAN> delete expired copy ; 删除EXPIRED副本

RMAN> delete backupset 9;删除备份集编号9的

RMAN> delete backuppiece ¨F:\backup\DEMO_9.bak¨; 删除特定备份片

RMAN> delete backup; -- 删除所有备份

RMAN> delete copy;删除映象副本

RMAN> delete datafilecopy ¨F:\backup\DEMO_9.bak¨删除特定映象副本

同时删除多个指定的备份集，，用逗号隔开

RMAN> delete backupset 62,62,63,64,65,66,67;

using channel ORA_DISK_1

List of Backup Pieces

BP Key BS Key Pc# Cp# Status Device Type Piece Name

------- ------- --- --- ---------------------- ----------

62 62 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /backup/ctl_c-2041679290-20130618-05

62 62 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /backup/ctl_c-2041679290-20130618-05

63 63 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/BYS001/backupset/2013_06_18/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130618T170650_8w08sc14_.bkp

64 64 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /backup/ctl_c-2041679290-20130618-06

65 65 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/BYS001/backupset/2013_06_18/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20130618T171003_8w08zcpq_.bkp

66 66 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /backup/ctl_c-2041679290-20130618-07

67 67 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /backup/full/bys001arch_BYS001_818443809_72

Do you really want to delete the aboveobjects (enter YES or NO)?

RMAN> deletearchivelog all; 删除所有归档

RMAN> delete archivelog until time'sysdate-1' ; 删除当天之前的归档。-7是7天前。

RMAN> delete archivelog all delete input ;

RMAN> delete backupset 22 format = ¨¨d:\backup\%u.bak¨¨ delete input;

备份后删除输入对象

改变备份集的状态

RMAN> change backupset id unavailable;-- available

RMAN> change backupset id keep foreverlogs; 改为长期备份

RMAN> change backupset id keep untiltime 'sysdate+60' logs;

RMAN> change backupset id nokeep;

RMAN> report unrecoverable; 报告不可恢复的数据文件

推荐阅读：

Oracle基础教程之通过RMAN复制数据库

RMAN备份策略制定参考内容

RMAN备份学习笔记

Oracle数据库备份加密 RMAN加密