Oracle表连接方法(图文并茂)

一般的相等连接： select * from a, b where a.id = b.id; 这个就属于内连接。 对于外连接： Oracle中可以使用“(+) ”来表示，9

一般的相等连接：
select * from a, b where a.id = b.id;
这个就属于内连接。

对于外连接：
Oracle中可以使用“(+) ”来表示，9i可以使用LEFT/RIGHT/FULL OUTER JOIN

LEFT OUTER JOIN：左外关联
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e
LEFT OUTER JOIN departments d
ON (e.department_id = d.department_id);
等价于
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e, departments d
WHERE e.department_id=d.department_id(+)
结果为：所有员工及对应部门的记录，包括没有对应部门编号department_id的员工记录。

RIGHT OUTER JOIN：右外关联
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e
RIGHT OUTER JOIN departments d
ON (e.department_id = d.department_id);
等价于
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e, departments d
WHERE e.department_id(+)=d.department_id
结果为：所有员工及对应部门的记录，包括没有任何员工的部门记录。

FULL OUTER JOIN：全外关联
SELECT e.last_name, e.department_id, d.department_name
FROM employees e
FULL OUTER JOIN departments d
ON (e.department_id = d.department_id);
结果为：所有员工及对应部门的记录，包括没有对应部门编号department_id的员工记录和没有任何员工的部门记录。

ORACLE8i是不直接支持完全外连接的语法，也就是说不能在左右两个表上同时加上(+)，下面是在ORACLE8i可以参考的完全外连接语法
select t1.id,t2.id from table1 t1,table t2 where t1.id=t2.id(+)
union
select t1.id,t2.id from table1 t1,table t2 where t1.id(+)=t2.id

例子

select A.c1,B.c2 from A join B on A.c3 = B.c3;

select A.c1,B.c2 from A left join B on A.c3 = B.c3;

select A.c1,B.c2 from A right join B on A.c3 = B.c3;

select A.c1,B.c2 from A full join B on A.c3 = B.c3;

select A.c1,B.c2 from A join B on A.c3 != B.c3;