Oracle10g修改SGA_TARGET值心得ORA-01078

为了保证内存的设置不影响数据库启动失败设置所以需要备份spfile文件/pfile文件[oracle@urp65 dbs]$cd /u01/app/oracle/oracle/o

备份

为了保证内存的设置不影响数据库启动失败设置
所以需要备份spfile文件/pfile文件
[Oracle@urp65 dbs]$cd /u01/app/oracle/oracle/oraInventory/db_1/dbs
[oracle@urp65 dbs]$ cp spfilejwdb.ora spfilejwdb.ora.bak

cd /u01/app/oracle/oracle/oraInventory/db_1/admin/jwdb/pfile/
cp init.ora.2132009144930 init.ora.2132009144930.bak

实现2种方式
1)init.ora时间点文件修改sga-target或增加sga_max_size 修改最大内存、实际使用内存值===》create spfile=spfileSID_NAME.ora
2):1158/em/
调整内存值
以下是整个过程

直接修改测试
--------在EM中直接的修还最大的SGA值
ALTER SYSTEM SET sga_max_size = 524288000 COMMENT='internally adjusted' SCOPE=SPFILE

重新启动数据库
SQL> conn sys/jwdb as sysdba
ò?á??ó?￡
SQL> shutdown immediate;

Total System Global Area 524288000 bytes
Fixed Size 1220384 bytes
Variable Size 222298336 bytes
Database Buffers 297795584 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
êy?Y?a×°??íê±??￡

SQL> show parameter sga_max_size;

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
sga_max_size big integer 500M

证明上述方法有效、但是需要启动数据库生效

查看对应的文件
1)vi /u01/app/oracle/oracle/oraInventory/db_1/dbs/spfilejwdb.ora
$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/spfileSID_NAME.ora
发现
*.sga_max_size=524288000#internally adjusted #此时修改了、在spfilejwdb.ora中增加了一个字段
*.sga_target=424288000
2)
/u01/app/oracle/oracle/oraInventory/db_1/admin/jwdb/pfile/init.ora.2132009144930
$ORACLE_HOME/admin/SID_NAME/pfile/init.ora.时间点
# SGA Memory
###########################################
sga_target=424288000

--------在EM中直接的修的SGA_TARGET实际值

在em中直接的修改内存值
Old
sga_target=408M
sga_max_size=500M

ALTER SYSTEM SET sga_target = 471859200 SCOPE=BOTH
同时的修改spfile/当前服务进程的值、需要重新启动生效
更新消息

修改之后报告
1)有变化
vi /u01/app/oracle/oracle/oraInventory/db_1/dbs/spfilejwdb.ora
*.sga_max_size=524288000#internally adjusted
*.sga_target=473956352
2)没有变化
/u01/app/oracle/oracle/oraInventory/db_1/admin/jwdb/pfile/init.ora.2132009144930
# SGA Memory
###########################################
sga_target=424288000
已成功进行更改。可能需要一段时间更改才能生效。
3)重新启动数据库
SQL> startup
ORACLE ày3ìò??-???ˉ?￡

Total System Global Area 524288000 bytes ==500M=sga_max_size
Fixed Size 1220384 bytes
Variable Size 222298336 bytes
Database Buffers 297795584 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
查看
SQL> show parameter sga_target

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
sga_target big integer 452M

SQL> show parameter sga_max_size

NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
sga_max_size big integer 500M
1)查看内存、没有变化
vi /u01/app/oracle/oracle/oraInventory/db_1/admin/jwdb/pfile/init.ora.2132009144930
# SGA Memory
###########################################
sga_target=424288000
2)vi /u01/app/oracle/oracle/oraInventory/db_1/dbs/spfilejwdb.ora 没有变化

*.sga_max_size=524288000#internally adjusted
*.sga_target=473956352

结论
修改当前内存时候不需要重新启动数据库、但是修改最大内存需要重新的启动数据库

$ORACLE_HOME/admin/SID_NAME/pfile/init.ora.时间点
$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/spfileSID_NAME.ora
2者之间不存在必然的联系、除非使用create spfile from create spfile from pfile='/opt/oracle/admin/jwdb/pfile/init.ora.2132009144930'
从而产生新的spfile文件格式

为了保证内存的设置不影响数据库启动失败设置
所以需要备份spfile文件/pfile文件
[oracle@urp65 dbs]$cd /u01/app/oracle/oracle/oraInventory/db_1/dbs
[oracle@urp65 dbs]$ cp spfilejwdb.ora spfilejwdb.ora.bak

cd /u01/app/oracle/oracle/oraInventory/db_1/admin/jwdb/pfile/
cp init.ora.2132009144930 init.ora.2132009144930.bak

------------单独创建spfile文件

SQL> create spfile from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/oracle/oraInventory/db_1/admin/jwdb/pfile/init.ora.2132009144930'
2 /
create spfile from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/oracle/oraInventory/db_1/admin/jwdb/pfile/init.ora.2132009144930'
*
μú 1 DD3???′í?ó:
ORA-32002: ?T·¨′′?¨ò?óéêμàyê1ó?μ? SPFILE

需要关闭数据库在nmount下建立pfile否则如果在使用的话、失败
SQL> shutdown immediate;
êy?Y?aò??-1?±??￡
ò??-D???êy?Y?a?￡
ORACLE ày3ìò??-1?±??￡
SQL> create spfile from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/oracle/oraInventory/db_1/admin/jwdb/pfile/init.ora.2132009144930'
2 /

SQL> startup
ORACLE ày3ìò??-???ˉ?￡

Total System Global Area 436207616 bytes
Fixed Size 1219856 bytes
Variable Size 125829872 bytes
Database Buffers 306184192 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes

启动发现内存值变化了spfilejwdb.ora与init.ora2132009144930保持一致的
*.sga_target=434288000；
但是此时没有sga_max_size在sfilejwdb.ora中出现、应为在init.ora2132009144930没有指定

[oracle@urp65 pfile]$ pwd
/u01/app/oracle/oracle/oraInventory/db_1/admin/jwdb/pfile
[oracle@urp65 pfile]$ vi init.ora.2132009144930

增
sga_max_size=524288000#internally adjusted

---关闭
SQL> shutdown immediate;
êy?Y?aò??-1?±??￡
ò??-D???êy?Y?a?￡
ORACLE ày3ìò??-1?±??￡

SQL> create spfile from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/oracle/oraInventory/db_1/admin/jwdb/pfile/init.ora.2132009144930'
2 /

SQL> startup
ORACLE ày3ìò??-???ˉ?￡

Total System Global Area 524288000 bytes
Fixed Size 1220384 bytes
Variable Size 213909728 bytes
Database Buffers 306184192 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
êy?Y?a×°??íê±??￡
êy?Y?aò??-′ò?a?￡

启动发现值发生了变化、最大内存变化为524288000 bytes 与sga_max_size=524288000#internally adjusted
增加保持一致了

因此直接修改 init.ora.2132009144930---->增加sga_max_size=524288000#internally adjusted、*.sga_target=434288000；===》 create spfile 生成
达到同时修改的功效、最有效

-----直接修改spfilejwdb.ora值
*.sga_max_size=504288000#internally adjusted
*.sga_target=404288000
SQL> shutdown immediate
êy?Y?aò??-1?±??￡
ò??-D???êy?Y?a?￡
ORACLE ày3ìò??-1?±??￡
SQL> startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: ???????????????? '/u01/app/oracle/oracle/oraInventory/db_1/dbs/initjwdb.ora'

报告错误说明、无法直接的修改spfilejwdb.ora文件而是需要通过修改init.ora.2132009144930 实现

解决办法:

SQL> create spfile from pfile='/u01/app/oracle/oracle/oraInventory/db_1/admin/jwdb/pfile/init.ora.2132009144930'
2 /

SQL> startup
ORACLE

Total System Global Area 524288000 bytes
Fixed Size 1220384 bytes
Variable Size 213909728 bytes
Database Buffers 306184192 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes

设置成功!!!!