时间:2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过:36人阅读
当我们做数据库升级项目的时候,我们一般会去做性能回归测试,通俗一点来说,就是把10g生产库的语句拿到11g生产环境上运行,如果发现运行过程中,由于优化器、实例参数等改变导致执行计划变化,最终导致性能退化的语句,需要拿出来单独进行分析及验证。要做这
当我们做数据库升级项目的时候,我们一般会去做性能回归测试,通俗一点来说,就是把10g生产库的语句拿到11g生产环境上运行,如果发现运行过程中,由于优化器、实例参数等改变导致执行计划变化,最终导致性能退化的语句,需要拿出来单独进行分析及验证。要做这个事情,首先我们需要把我们的10g上的语句给采集出来,采集方法分为以下几种方式。
对于大型的生产库,我们一般采集的是方式是:游标还有awr snapshots的数据。为了能够完美的抓取到全部的SQL语句,我们往往需要一天对cursor cache进行多次采集。大部分建议是放在高峰期的时候采集,这么做主要是为了防止有些SQL还没被抓取到sqlset就从shared pool中purge出去了。在这个抓取的过程中,有一个困扰的问题就是literal sql的一些语句。举个例子如下:
select * from emp where empno=1456;
select * from emp where empno=1457;
select * from emp where empno=1458;
这三个SQL语句会先后被采集进来,每天都这样采集,会导致我们的SQLSET的结果集越来越大。正常情况下,一个大型的生产库的SQL语句也就几w条而已,但是如果你的硬解析非常多的话,可能在短短的几天,你采集的语句就会突破到100w条以上。然后在做后面SQLSET转换到中转表的这个过程,会执行相当长的时间,搞不好就报ORA-01555,导致运行一段时间后无法成功转换。我在这上面被坑了好几次。可能你会说,就100w的数据,Oracle应该很快转换出来的吧。这个我得解释一下。我们的中转表里面其实包含了好几个LOB字段和特殊TYPE类型。一旦数据量大了,可以说速度完全不行。正是基于这种原因,我们需要考虑一种方式,在采集的过程中进行去除重复的操作。
我们来举个例子说明下。
1.新建SQLSET
SQL> exec dbms_sqltune.CREATE_SQLSET('sqlset1'); PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. SQL> select * from dba_sqlset; ID NAME OWNER DESCRIPTION CREATED LAST_MODI STATEMENT_COUNT ---------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------- --------- --------------- 1 sqlset1 SYS 11-MAY-14 11-MAY-14 0
2.使用scott用户,执行几条语句,执行前先flush下shared pool
SQL> alter system flush shared_pool; System altered. connect scott/tiger select * from emp; select * from emp where empno=1456; select * from emp where empno=1457;
3.使用sys用户开始采集语句
DECLARE mycur DBMS_SQLTUNE.SQLSET_CURSOR; BEGIN OPEN mycur FOR SELECT value(P) FROM TABLE(dbms_sqltune.select_cursor_cache('parsing_schema_name in (''SCOTT'')', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 1, NULL, 'ALL')) p; dbms_sqltune.load_sqlset(sqlset_name => 'sqlset1', populate_cursor => mycur, load_option => 'MERGE'); CLOSE mycur; END; / SQL> select * from dba_sqlset; ID NAME OWNER DESCRIPTION CREATED LAST_MODI STATEMENT_COUNT ---------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------- --------- --------------- 1 sqlset1 SYS 11-MAY-14 11-MAY-14 9
4.查看采集结果
SQL> select sql_id,sql_text from DBA_SQLSET_STATEMENTS ; SQL_ID SQL_TEXT ------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1srhq04p4x0zz SELECT /* OPT_DYN_SAMP */ /*+ ALL_ROWS IGNORE_WHERE_CLAUSE NO_PARALLEL(SAMPLESUB 38mhtu5pc7d07 select * from emp where empno=1456 7hys3h7ysgf9m SELECT ATTRIBUTE,SCOPE,NUMERIC_VALUE,CHAR_VALUE,DATE_VALUE FROM SYSTEM.PRODUCT_P a2dk8bdn0ujx7 select * from emp bc26hcc8td76f select * from emp where empno=1457 cw6vxf0kbz3v1 SELECT CHAR_VALUE FROM SYSTEM.PRODUCT_PRIVS WHERE (UPPER('SQL*Plus') LIKE UPPE d6vwqbw6r2ffk SELECT USER FROM DUAL dyk4dprp70d74 SELECT DECODE('A','A','1','2') FROM DUAL g4y6nw3tts7cc BEGIN DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_MODULE(:1,NULL); END;
从这里我们可以观察到我们的三条语句都采集进来了。这里我们可以看到我们的literal sql,如果每天对游标采集好几次的话,我们的literal sql会越采集越多,导致SQLSET的结果集非常大。当SQL数量达到百万级别后,使得我们的转换非常慢。如何去重呢?我们看下这个DBA_SQLSET_STATEMENTS的结构。
SQL> desc DBA_SQLSET_STATEMENTS Name Null? Type ------------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------- SQLSET_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30) SQLSET_OWNER VARCHAR2(30) SQLSET_ID NOT NULL NUMBER SQL_ID NOT NULL VARCHAR2(13) FORCE_MATCHING_SIGNATURE NOT NULL NUMBER SQL_TEXT CLOB PARSING_SCHEMA_NAME VARCHAR2(30) PARSING_SCHEMA_ID NUMBER PLAN_HASH_VALUE NOT NULL NUMBER BIND_DATA RAW(2000) BINDS_CAPTURED CHAR(1) MODULE VARCHAR2(64) ACTION VARCHAR2(64) ELAPSED_TIME NUMBER CPU_TIME NUMBER BUFFER_GETS NUMBER DISK_READS NUMBER DIRECT_WRITES NUMBER ROWS_PROCESSED NUMBER FETCHES NUMBER EXECUTIONS NUMBER END_OF_FETCH_COUNT NUMBER OPTIMIZER_COST NUMBER OPTIMIZER_ENV RAW(2000) PRIORITY NUMBER COMMAND_TYPE NUMBER FIRST_LOAD_TIME VARCHAR2(19) STAT_PERIOD NUMBER ACTIVE_STAT_PERIOD NUMBER OTHER CLOB PLAN_TIMESTAMP DATE SQL_SEQ NOT NULL NUMBER SQL> select sql_id,sql_text,FORCE_MATCHING_SIGNATURE from DBA_SQLSET_STATEMENTS; SQL_ID SQL_TEXT FORCE_MATCHING_SIGNATURE ------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------- 1srhq04p4x0zz SELECT /* OPT_DYN_SAMP */ /*+ ALL_ROWS IGNORE_WHERE_CLAUSE NO_PARALLEL(SAMPLESUB 4094562552765466770 38mhtu5pc7d07 select * from emp where empno=1456 16946033956547040230 7hys3h7ysgf9m SELECT ATTRIBUTE,SCOPE,NUMERIC_VALUE,CHAR_VALUE,DATE_VALUE FROM SYSTEM.PRODUCT_P 10967007256268736959 a2dk8bdn0ujx7 select * from emp 7001777653489406494 bc26hcc8td76f select * from emp where empno=1457 16946033956547040230 cw6vxf0kbz3v1 SELECT CHAR_VALUE FROM SYSTEM.PRODUCT_PRIVS WHERE (UPPER('SQL*Plus') LIKE UPPE 18201431879876406267 d6vwqbw6r2ffk SELECT USER FROM DUAL 17376422952071979402 dyk4dprp70d74 SELECT DECODE('A','A','1','2') FROM DUAL 1846728577492307645 g4y6nw3tts7cc BEGIN DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_MODULE(:1,NULL); END; 0
这里我们主要利用FORCE_MATCHING_SIGNATURE这个字段。可以看到我们的literal sql的FORCE_MATCHING_SIGNATURE的值是相同的。这里是16946033956547040230。所以我们要对这个列进行distinct,并将distinct出来的值放在一个我们自定义的Table里面。
5.去重采集
SQL> create table spaqc as select distinct FORCE_MATCHING_SIGNATURE from DBA_SQLSET_STATEMENTS; Table created. SQL> select * from spaqc; FORCE_MATCHING_SIGNATURE --------------------------- 18201431879876406267 1846728577492307645 4094562552765466770 17376422952071979402 10967007256268736959 7001777653489406494 16946033956547040230 0 8 rows selected.
这里需要注意一下FORCE_MATCHING_SIGNATURE为0的情况下,一般是运行PL/SQL、JOB之类的操作,这个我们不能过滤掉。所以我们要把0这行给删掉。
SQL> delete from spaqc where FORCE_MATCHING_SIGNATURE=0; 1 row deleted. SQL> commit; Commit complete.
6.再次测试,看看literal sql会不会被采集。
select * from emp where empno=1458; select * from emp where empno=1459; select * from emp where empno=1460; select * from emp where empno=1460 and ENAME='scott'; DECLARE mycur DBMS_SQLTUNE.SQLSET_CURSOR; BEGIN OPEN mycur FOR SELECT value(P) FROM TABLE(dbms_sqltune.select_cursor_cache('parsing_schema_name in (''SCOTT'') and FORCE_MATCHING_SIGNATURE not in (select FORCE_MATCHING_SIGNATURE from spaqc)', NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 1, NULL, 'ALL')) p; dbms_sqltune.load_sqlset(sqlset_name => 'sqlset1', populate_cursor => mycur, load_option => 'MERGE'); CLOSE mycur; END; / SQL> select sql_id,sql_text,FORCE_MATCHING_SIGNATURE from DBA_SQLSET_STATEMENTS ; SQL_ID SQL_TEXT FORCE_MATCHING_SIGNATURE ------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------- 1srhq04p4x0zz SELECT /* OPT_DYN_SAMP */ /*+ ALL_ROWS IGNORE_WHERE_CLAUSE NO_PARALLEL(SAMPLESUB 4094562552765466770 38mhtu5pc7d07 select * from emp where empno=1456 16946033956547040230 7hys3h7ysgf9m SELECT ATTRIBUTE,SCOPE,NUMERIC_VALUE,CHAR_VALUE,DATE_VALUE FROM SYSTEM.PRODUCT_P 10967007256268736959 a2dk8bdn0ujx7 select * from emp 7001777653489406494 bc26hcc8td76f select * from emp where empno=1457 16946033956547040230 cw6vxf0kbz3v1 SELECT CHAR_VALUE FROM SYSTEM.PRODUCT_PRIVS WHERE (UPPER('SQL*Plus') LIKE UPPE 18201431879876406267 d6vwqbw6r2ffk SELECT USER FROM DUAL 17376422952071979402 d8fw5smyjva0b select * from emp where empno=1460 and ENAME='scott' 17445701640293030006 dyk4dprp70d74 SELECT DECODE('A','A','1','2') FROM DUAL 1846728577492307645 g4y6nw3tts7cc BEGIN DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_MODULE(:1,NULL); END; 0 10 rows selected.
这里我们看到literal sql没有被采集进来,我们实现了游标采集的过滤。
原文地址:SPA游标采集之去除重复, 感谢原作者分享。