通过RPM包安装Mysql_MySQL

通过RPM包安装Mysql

由于公司最近的也去需要，需要安装Mysql作为数据服务器，服务器版本是redhat6。在redhat6的光盘中找到Mysql的RPM包就直接用RPM包来安装Mysql，期间遇到看种种问题。

网上的介绍基本上都是一样的。先安装server，然后再安装client。但是我的server始终安装不上，总是提示

然后按照提示安装perl-DBD-Mysql的相关包，还是报错。后来发现这个包和mysql的server包存在互相依赖，所以将安装服务器端的命令改为：

1.rpm -ivh mysql-server-5.1.47-4.el6.x86_64.rpm --nodeps

安装成功

2.启动mysql

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

无法启动，这时按照提示运行命令

chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql

再次启动启动成功

3.设置mysql root用户的密码：mysqladmin -uroot password '密码'

4.登录测试：mysql -u root -p

5.备份数据库：mysqldump --add-drop-table --opt test > backup-file.sql

以下内容自己就比较懒了是转载的

Mysql相关设置
1，密码和登陆设置
我们可以用命令 mysql_secure_installation进行相关的设置
mysql_secure_installation

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):
这里我已经通过命令mysqladmin 更改过默认密码 语法为：
mysqladmin -uroot password 'newpassword'
这里我们键入新密码
[root@test-1 ~]# mysql_secure_installation

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.

You already have a root password set, so you can safely answer 'n'.

Change the root password? [Y/n] n
... skipping.

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
... Success!

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] n
... skipping.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MySQL!

以上我们可以根据提示来一步一步操作，再次不做说明
3.2，MySQL默认的数据文件存储目录为/var/lib/mysql。假如要把目录移到/home/data下需要进行下面几步：
1.、home目录下建立data目录
cd /home
mkdir data
2、把MySQL服务进程停掉：
mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown
3、把/var/lib/mysql整个目录移到 /home/data
mv /var/lib/mysql /home/data/
这样就把MySQL的数据文件移动到了/home/data/mysql下
4、找到 my.cnf配置文件
如果/etc/目录下没有my.cnf配置文件，请到/usr/share/mysql/ 下找到*.cnf文件，拷贝其中一个到/etc/并改名为my.cnf)中。命令如下：
[root@test1 mysql]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
说明在/usr/share/mysql/下面有四个不同模式mysql运行配置文件：
my-large.cnf
my-medium.cnf
my-small.cnf
my-huge.cnf
5、编辑MySQL的配置文件/etc/my.cnf
为保证MySQL能够正常工作，需要指明mysql.sock文件的产生位置。 修改socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock 一行中等号右边的值
为：/home/mysql/mysql.sock 。操作如下：
vi my.cnf ##用vi工具编辑my.cnf文件，找到下列数据修改之
# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
#socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock ##原内容，为了更稳妥用“#”注释此行
socket = /home/data/mysql/mysql.sock #加上此行
3.3为了在其它电脑上能用root用户登录,需进行以下动作:
1、mark@marklinux mark>mysql -h localhost -u root
//这样应该可以进入MySQL服务器
2、mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION
//赋予任何主机访问数据的权限
例子：
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'172.16.0.10' identified by 'skymobi' WITH GRANT
3.4相关说明：
3.4.1 Mysql默认安装路径
find / -name mysql
/usr/bin