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.NET微信公众号开发之公众号消息处理

时间：2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过：25人阅读

一.前言

  微信公众平台的消息处理还是比较完善的，有最基本的文本消息，到图文消息，到图片消息，语音消息，视频消息，音乐消息其基本原理都是一样的，只不过所post的xml数据有所差别，在处理消息之前，我们要认真阅读，官方给我们的文档：http://mp.weixin.qq.com/wiki/14/89b871b5466b19b3efa4ada8e577d45e.html。首先我们从最基本的文本消息处理开始。

  1. <xml>
  2. <ToUserName><![CDATA[toUser]]></ToUserName>
  3. <FromUserName><![CDATA[fromUser]]></FromUserName>
  4. <CreateTime>12345678</CreateTime>
  5. <MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType>
  6. <Content><![CDATA[你好]]></Content>
  7. </xml>

  我们可以看到这是消息处理的一个最基本的模式，有发送者，接受者，创建时间，类型，内容等等。

首先我们来创建一个消息处理的类，这个类用来捕获，所有的消息请求，根据不同的消息请求类型来处理不同的消息回复。

  1. public class WeiXinService
  2.   {
  3.     /// <summary>
  4.     /// TOKEN
  5.     /// </summary>
  6.     private const string TOKEN = "finder";
  7.     /// <summary>
  8.     /// 签名
  9.     /// </summary>
  10.     private const string SIGNATURE = "signature";
  11.     /// <summary>
  12.     /// 时间戳
  13.     /// </summary>
  14.     private const string TIMESTAMP = "timestamp";
  15.     /// <summary>
  16.     /// 随机数
  17.     /// </summary>
  18.     private const string NONCE = "nonce";
  19.     /// <summary>
  20.     /// 随机字符串
  21.     /// </summary>
  22.     private const string ECHOSTR = "echostr";
  23.     /// <summary>
  24.     /// 
  25.     /// </summary>
  26.     private HttpRequest Request { get; set; }
  27.     /// <summary>
  28.     /// 构造函数
  29.     /// </summary>
  30.     /// <param name="request"></param>
  31.     public WeiXinService(HttpRequest request)
  32.     {
  33.       this.Request = request;
  34.     }
  35.     /// <summary>
  36.     /// 处理请求，产生响应
  37.     /// </summary>
  38.     /// <returns></returns>
  39.     public string Response()
  40.     {
  41.       string method = Request.HttpMethod.ToUpper();
  42.       //验证签名
  43.       if (method == "GET")
  44.       {
  45.         if (CheckSignature())
  46.         {
  47.           return Request.QueryString[ECHOSTR];
  48.         }
  49.         else
  50.         {
  51.           return "error";
  52.         }
  53.       }
  54.       //处理消息
  55.       if (method == "POST")
  56.       {
  57.         return ResponseMsg();
  58.       }
  59.       else
  60.       {
  61.         return "无法处理";
  62.       }
  63.     }
  64.     /// <summary>
  65.     /// 处理请求
  66.     /// </summary>
  67.     /// <returns></returns>
  68.     private string ResponseMsg()
  69.     {
  70.       string requestXml = CommonWeiXin.ReadRequest(this.Request);
  71.       IHandler handler = HandlerFactory.CreateHandler(requestXml);
  72.    
  73.       if (handler != null)
  74.       {
  75.         return handler.HandleRequest();
  76.       }
  77.       return string.Empty;
  78.     }
  79.     /// <summary>
  80.     /// 检查签名
  81.     /// </summary>
  82.     /// <param name="request"></param>
  83.     /// <returns></returns>
  84.     private bool CheckSignature()
  85.     {
  86.       string signature = Request.QueryString[SIGNATURE];
  87.       string timestamp = Request.QueryString[TIMESTAMP];
  88.       string nonce = Request.QueryString[NONCE];
  89.       List<string> list = new List<string>();
  90.       list.Add(TOKEN);
  91.       list.Add(timestamp);
  92.       list.Add(nonce);
  93.       //排序
  94.       list.Sort();
  95.       //拼串
  96.       string input = string.Empty;
  97.       foreach (var item in list)
  98.       {
  99.         input += item;
  100.       }
  101.       //加密
  102.       string new_signature = SecurityUtility.SHA1Encrypt(input);
  103.       //验证
  104.       if (new_signature == signature)
  105.       {
  106.         return true;
  107.       }
  108.       else
  109.       {
  110.         return false;
  111.       }
  112.     }
  113.   }

在来看看我们的首先是如何捕获消息的。首页Default.ashx的代码如下

  1.     public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
  2.     {
  3.       context.Response.ContentType = "text/html";
  4.       
  5.       string postString = string.Empty;
  6.       if (HttpContext.Current.Request.HttpMethod.ToUpper() == "POST")
  7.       {
  8.         //由微信服务接收请求，具体处理请求
  9.         WeiXinService wxService = new WeiXinService(context.Request);
  10.         string responseMsg = wxService.Response();
  11.         context.Response.Clear();
  12.         context.Response.Charset = "UTF-8";
  13.         context.Response.Write(responseMsg);
  14.         context.Response.End();
  15.       }
  16.       else
  17.       {
  18.         string token = "wei2414201";
  19.         if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(token))
  20.         {
  21.           return;
  22.         }
  23.         string echoString = HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString["echoStr"];
  24.         string signature = HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString["signature"];
  25.         string timestamp = HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString["timestamp"];
  26.         string nonce = HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString["nonce"];
  27.         if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(echoString))
  28.         {
  29.           HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(echoString);
  30.           HttpContext.Current.Response.End();
  31.         }
  32.       }
  33.     }

从上面的代码中我们可以看到WeiXinService.cs类中的消息相应至关重要。

  1.     /// <summary>
  2.     /// 处理请求
  3.     /// </summary>
  4.     /// <returns></returns>
  5.     private string ResponseMsg()
  6.     {
  7.       string requestXml = CommonWeiXin.ReadRequest(this.Request);
  8.       IHandler handler = HandlerFactory.CreateHandler(requestXml);
  9.    
  10.       if (handler != null)
  11.       {
  12.         return handler.HandleRequest();
  13.       }
  14.       return string.Empty;
  15.     }

IHandler是一个消息处理接口，其下面有EventHandler，TextHandler处理类实现这个接口。代码如下

  1.   /// <summary>
  2.   /// 处理接口
  3.   /// </summary>
  4.   public interface IHandler
  5.   {
  6.     /// <summary>
  7.     /// 处理请求
  8.     /// </summary>
  9.     /// <returns></returns>
  10.     string HandleRequest();
  11.   }

EventHandler

  1. class EventHandler : IHandler
  2.   {
  3.     /// <summary>
  4.     /// 请求的xml
  5.     /// </summary>
  6.     private string RequestXml { get; set; }
  7.     /// <summary>
  8.     /// 构造函数
  9.     /// </summary>
  10.     /// <param name="requestXml"></param>
  11.     public EventHandler(string requestXml)
  12.     {
  13.       this.RequestXml = requestXml;
  14.     }
  15.     /// <summary>
  16.     /// 处理请求
  17.     /// </summary>
  18.     /// <returns></returns>
  19.     public string HandleRequest()
  20.     {
  21.       string response = string.Empty;
  22.       EventMessage em = EventMessage.LoadFromXml(RequestXml);
  23.       if (em.Event.Equals("subscribe", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))//用来判断是不是首次关注
  24.       {
  25.         PicTextMessage tm = new PicTextMessage();//我自己创建的一个图文消息处理类
  26.         tm.ToUserName = em.FromUserName;
  27.         tm.FromUserName = em.ToUserName;
  28.         tm.CreateTime = CommonWeiXin.GetNowTime();
  29.         response = tm.GenerateContent();
  30.       }
  31.       return response;
  32.     }
  33.   }

TextHandler

  1.   /// <summary>
  2.   /// 文本信息处理类
  3.   /// </summary>
  4.   public class TextHandler : IHandler
  5.   {
  6.     string openid { get; set; }
  7.     string access_token { get; set; }
  8.     /// <summary>
  9.     /// 请求的XML
  10.     /// </summary>
  11.     private string RequestXml { get; set; }
  12.     /// <summary>
  13.     /// 构造函数
  14.     /// </summary>
  15.     /// <param name="requestXml">请求的xml</param>
  16.     public TextHandler(string requestXml)
  17.     {
  18.       this.RequestXml = requestXml;
  19.     }
  20.     /// <summary>
  21.     /// 处理请求
  22.     /// </summary>
  23.     /// <returns></returns>
  24.     public string HandleRequest()
  25.     {
  26.       string response = string.Empty;
  27.       TextMessage tm = TextMessage.LoadFromXml(RequestXml);
  28.       string content = tm.Content.Trim();
  29.       if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(content))
  30.       {
  31.         response = "您什么都没输入，没法帮您啊。";
  32.       }
  33.       else
  34.       {
  35.           string username = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["weixinid"].ToString();
  36.           AccessToken token = AccessToken.Get(username);
  37.           access_token = token.access_token;
  38.           openid = tm.FromUserName;
  39.           response = HandleOther(content);
  40.         
  41.       }
  42.       tm.Content = response;
  43.       //进行发送者、接收者转换
  44.       string temp = tm.ToUserName;
  45.       tm.ToUserName = tm.FromUserName;
  46.       tm.FromUserName = temp;
  47.       response = tm.GenerateContent();
  48.       return response;
  49.     }
  50.     /// <summary>
  51.     /// 处理其他消息
  52.     /// </summary>
  53.     /// <param name="tm"></param>
  54.     /// <returns></returns>
  55.     private string HandleOther(string requestContent)
  56.     {
  57.       string response = string.Empty;
  58.       if (requestContent.Contains("你好") || requestContent.Contains("您好"))
  59.       {
  60.         response = "您也好~";
  61.       }else if (requestContent.Contains("openid") || requestContent.Contains("id") || requestContent.Contains("ID"))//用来匹配用户输入的关键字
  62.       {
  63.         response = "你的Openid: "+openid;
  64.       }
  65.       else if (requestContent.Contains("token") || requestContent.Contains("access_token"))
  66.       {
  67.         response = "你的access_token: " + access_token;
  68.       }else 
  69.       {
  70.         response = "试试其他关键字吧。";
  71.       }
  72.       return response;
  73.     }
  74.   }

HandlerFactory

  1.   /// <summary>
  2.   /// 处理器工厂类
  3.   /// </summary>
  4.   public class HandlerFactory
  5.   {
  6.     /// <summary>
  7.     /// 创建处理器
  8.     /// </summary>
  9.     /// <param name="requestXml">请求的xml</param>
  10.     /// <returns>IHandler对象</returns>
  11.     public static IHandler CreateHandler(string requestXml)
  12.     {
  13.       IHandler handler = null;
  14.       if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(requestXml))
  15.       {
  16.         //解析数据
  17.         XmlDocument doc = new System.Xml.XmlDocument();
  18.         doc.LoadXml(requestXml);
  19.         XmlNode node = doc.SelectSingleNode("/xml/MsgType");
  20.         if (node != null)
  21.         {
  22.           XmlCDataSection section = node.FirstChild as XmlCDataSection;
  23.           if (section != null)
  24.           {
  25.             string msgType = section.Value;
  26.             switch (msgType)
  27.             {
  28.               case "text":
  29.                 handler = new TextHandler(requestXml);
  30.                 break;
  31.               case "event":
  32.                 handler = new EventHandler(requestXml);
  33.                 break;
  34.             }
  35.           }
  36.         }
  37.       }
  38.       return handler;
  39.     }
  40.   }

 在这里基本的一些类已经完成了，现在我们来完成，关注我们的微信公众号，我们就发送一条图文消息，同时输入我们的一些关键字，返回一些消息，比如输入id返回用户的openid等等。

二.PicTextMessage

  1. public class PicTextMessage : Message
  2.   {
  3.     /// <summary>
  4.     /// 模板静态字段
  5.     /// </summary>
  6.     private static string m_Template;
  7.     /// <summary>
  8.     /// 默认构造函数
  9.     /// </summary>
  10.     public PicTextMessage()
  11.     {
  12.       this.MsgType = "news";
  13.     }
  14.     /// <summary>
  15.     /// 从xml数据加载文本消息
  16.     /// </summary>
  17.     /// <param name="xml"></param>
  18.     public static PicTextMessage LoadFromXml(string xml)
  19.     {
  20.       PicTextMessage tm = null;
  21.       if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(xml))
  22.       {
  23.         XElement element = XElement.Parse(xml);
  24.         if (element != null)
  25.         {
  26.           tm = new PicTextMessage();
  27.           tm.FromUserName = element.Element(CommonWeiXin.FROM_USERNAME).Value;
  28.           tm.ToUserName = element.Element(CommonWeiXin.TO_USERNAME).Value;
  29.           tm.CreateTime = element.Element(CommonWeiXin.CREATE_TIME).Value;
  30.         }
  31.       }
  32.       return tm;
  33.     }
  34.     /// <summary>
  35.     /// 模板
  36.     /// </summary>
  37.     public override string Template
  38.     {
  39.       get
  40.       {
  41.         if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(m_Template))
  42.         {
  43.           LoadTemplate();
  44.         }
  45.         return m_Template;
  46.       }
  47.     }
  48.     /// <summary>
  49.     /// 生成内容
  50.     /// </summary>
  51.     /// <returns></returns>
  52.     public override string GenerateContent()
  53.     {
  54.       this.CreateTime = CommonWeiXin.GetNowTime();
  55.       string str= string.Format(this.Template, this.ToUserName, this.FromUserName, this.CreateTime);
  56.       return str;
  57.     }
  58.     /// <summary>
  59.     /// 加载模板
  60.     /// </summary>
  61.     private static void LoadTemplate()
  62.     {
  63.       m_Template= @"<xml>
  64.               <ToUserName><![CDATA[{0}]]></ToUserName>
  65.               <FromUserName><![CDATA[{1}]]></FromUserName>
  66.               <CreateTime>{2}</CreateTime>
  67.               <MsgType><![CDATA[news]]></MsgType>
  68.               <ArticleCount>1</ArticleCount>
  69.               <Articles>
  70.                 <item>
  71.                 <Title><![CDATA[有位停车欢迎你！]]></Title> 
  72.                 <Description><![CDATA[如有问题请致电400-6238-136或直接在微信留言，我们将第一时间为您服务!]]></Description>
  73.                 <PicUrl><![CDATA[http://www.baidu.com/youwei.jpg]]></PicUrl>
  74.                 <Url><![CDATA[http://www.baidu.com]]></Url>
  75.                 </item>
  76.               </Articles>
  77.             </xml> ";
  78.     }
  79.   }

最后我们的效果如下所示；

以上所述就是本文的全部内容了，希望大家能够喜欢

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