时间:2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过:38人阅读
<asp:Gridview ID="Gridview1" Runat="server" DataSourceID="SqlDataSource1" DataKeyNames="CustomerID" AutoGenerateColumns="False" ShowFooter="True">
<Columns>
<asp:TemplateField>
<ItemTemplate>
<asp:Label ID="CustomerIDLabel" Runat="Server"><%# Eval("CustomerID") %></asp:Label>
</ItemTemplate>
<FooterTemplate>
<asp:TextBox ID="CustomerIDTextBox" Runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
</FooterTemplate>
</asp:TemplateField>
<asp:TemplateField>
<ItemTemplate>
<asp:Label ID="CompanyNameLabel" Runat="Server"><%# Eval("CompanyName") %></asp:Label>
</ItemTemplate>
<FooterTemplate>
<asp:TextBox ID="CompanyNameTextBox" Runat="server"></asp:TextBox>
</FooterTemplate>
</asp:TemplateField>
<asp:TemplateField>
<FooterTemplate>
<asp:DropDownList ID="ContactTitleDropDownList" Runat="server" DataSourceID="SqlDataSource2" DataTextField="ContactTitle" DataValueField="ContactTitle">
</asp:DropDownList>
<asp:SqlDataSource ID="SqlDataSource2" Runat="server" SelectCommand="SELECT DISTINCT [ContactTitle] FROM [Customers]"
ConnectionString="server=localhost;uid=sa;password=xxx;database=northwind">
</asp:SqlDataSource>
<asp:Button ID="Button1" Runat="server" Text="Add" OnClick="Button1_Click" />
<asp:Button ID="CancelButton1" Runat="server" Text="Cancel" OnClick="CancelButton1_Click" />
</FooterTemplate>
<ItemTemplate>
<asp:DropDownList ID="ContactTitleDropDown" SelectedValue='<%# Bind("ContactTitle") %>' Runat="Server" DataSourceID="SqlDataSource3" DataTextField="ContactTitle" DataValueField="ContactTitle" ></asp:DropDownList>
<asp:SqlDataSource ID="SqlDataSource3" Runat="server" SelectCommand="SELECT DISTINCT [ContactTitle] FROM [Customers]"
ConnectionString="server=localhost;uid=sa;password=xxxx;database=northwind" EnableCaching="True">
</asp:SqlDataSource>
</ItemTemplate>
</asp:TemplateField>
</Columns>
</asp:Gridview>
以上为Gridview的代码,可以看到,在第一,二列的<foottemplate>列中,分别提供了customerid和companyname两个文本框以供用户输入,在第三列的<footertemplate>列中,以dropdownlistbox的形式来显示contracttitle.。其中,请注意第三列的footertemplate中的add和cancel两个按钮的,它们的事件代码如下
代码如下:
<script runat="server">
void CancelButton1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Gridview1.ShowFooter = false;
}
void AddButton1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Gridview1.ShowFooter = true;
}
//点add按钮时,将新增的记录更新到数据库中去
void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
TextBox customerID = Gridview1.FooterRow.FindControl("CustomerIDTextBox") as TextBox;
TextBox companyName = Gridview1.FooterRow.FindControl("CompanyNameTextBox") as TextBox;
DropDownList ContactTitle = Gridview1.FooterRow.FindControl("ContactTitleDropDownList") as DropDownList;
SqlDataSource1.InsertParameters["CustomerID"].DefaultValue = customerID.Text;
SqlDataSource1.InsertParameters["CompanyName"].DefaultValue = companyName.Text;
SqlDataSource1.InsertParameters["ContactTitle"].DefaultValue=ContactTitle.SelectedValue;
SqlDataSource1.Insert();
}
</script>
其中的cancel按钮的事件,用来取消显示Gridview的footer模版,因此设置showfooter属性为false,而addbutton1按钮,是当用户决定新增记录时点选的,此时将设置showfooter属性为true,以显示各列的foottemplate,从而达到显示新的一个空白行的目的。
而在更新代码button1_click事件中,将首先使用Gridview1.footerrow.findcontrol的方法,将用户新增的各字段的值提取出来,然后分别赋值给sqldatasource的insertparameters集合(注意要一一对应),最后使用sqldatasource的insert方法,就可以成功向数据库增加一条新记录了。
另外,为了在窗体加载时,显示数据库northwind中customers表的数据,需要设置sqldatsource1的属性,如下代码:
代码如下:
<asp:SqlDataSource ID="SqlDataSource1" Runat="server"
InsertCommand="INSERT INTO [Customers] ([CustomerID], [CompanyName], [ContactTitle]) VALUES (@CustomerID, @CompanyName, @ContactTitle)"
SelectCommand="SELECT top 5 [CustomerID], [CompanyName], [ContactTitle] FROM [Customers]"
ConnectionString="server=localhost;uid=sa;password=XXXXX;database=northwind">
<InsertParameters>
<asp:Parameter Type="String" Name="CustomerID"></asp:Parameter>
<asp:Parameter Type="String" Name="CompanyName"></asp:Parameter>
<asp:Parameter Type="String" Name="ContactTitle"></asp:Parameter>
</InsertParameters>
</asp:SqlDataSource>
其中,必须设置insertcommand和selectcommand属性,设置数据提取和插入的语句,并且要设置好insertparameters集合中,各字段的类型和名称即可。
2、一次性更新所有的Gridview记录
我们经常会遇到这样的情况,在Gridview中列出的所有记录中,有时要同时修改多条记录,并且将其保存到数据库中去。那么在Gridview中应该如何实现呢?在Gridview中,有两种实现的方法,下面分别进行介绍:
先来看下第一种方法,本方法是使用sqldatasource来更新所有记录,但这个方法比较慢,因为每更新一条记录都要建立数据连接并执行updatecommand,会影响性能。其主要代码如下:
代码如下:
<script runat="server">
void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
for (int i = 0; i < Gridview1.Rows.Count; i++)
{
GridviewRow row = Gridview1.Rows[i];
SqlDataSource1.UpdateParameters[0].DefaultValue = ((TextBox)row.Cells[0].FindControl("TextBox2")).Text;
SqlDataSource1.UpdateParameters[1].DefaultValue = ((TextBox)row.Cells[1].FindControl("TextBox3")).Text;
SqlDataSource1.UpdateParameters[2].DefaultValue = Gridview1.DataKeys[i].Value.ToString();
SqlDataSource1.Update();
}
}
</script>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head id="Head1" runat="server">
<title>Untitled Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<asp:Gridview ID="Gridview1" Runat="server" DataSourceID="SqlDataSource1" DataKeyNames="CustomerID" AutoGenerateColumns="False">
<Columns>
<asp:TemplateField SortExpression="CustomerID" HeaderText="CustomerID">
<ItemTemplate>
<asp:TextBox Runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("CustomerID") %>' ID="TextBox1"></asp:TextBox>
</ItemTemplate>
</asp:TemplateField>
<asp:TemplateField SortExpression="CompanyName" HeaderText="CompanyName">
<ItemTemplate>
<asp:TextBox Runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("CompanyName") %>' ID="TextBox2"></asp:TextBox>
</ItemTemplate>
</asp:TemplateField>
<asp:TemplateField SortExpression="ContactName" HeaderText="ContactTitle">
<ItemTemplate>
<asp:TextBox Runat="server" Text='<%# Bind("ContactTitle") %>' ID="TextBox3"></asp:TextBox>
</ItemTemplate>
</asp:TemplateField>
</Columns>
</asp:Gridview>
<asp:SqlDataSource ID="SqlDataSource1" Runat="server"
SelectCommand="SELECT [CustomerID], [CompanyName], [ContactName], [ContactTitle] FROM [Customers]"
UpdateCommand="UPDATE [Customers] SET [CompanyName] = @CompanyName, [ContactTitle] = @ContactTitle WHERE [CustomerID] = @CustomerID"
ConnectionString="server=localhost;uid=sa;password=xxxx;database=northwind">
<UpdateParameters>
<asp:Parameter Type="String" Name="CompanyName"></asp:Parameter>
<asp:Parameter Type="String" Name="ContactTitle"></asp:Parameter>
<asp:Parameter Type="String" Name="CustomerID"></asp:Parameter>
</UpdateParameters>
</asp:SqlDataSource>
<asp:Button ID="Button1" Runat="server" Text="Button" OnClick="Button1_Click" />
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
在上面的代码中,我们必须首先指定updateparameters参数集合,也就是指出要更新的是哪些字段,它们的类型是什么。之后并指出sqldatasource的updatecommand语句。而在更新按钮button1的CLICK事件中,将以遍历的形式,使用for循环,对Gridview中的每一行进行检查,将每个更新了的文本框的内容放到sqldatasouce的updateparameters参数中去,最后调用sqldatasource的update方法,完成更新。
方法2使用的是首先遍历Gridview中的每一行,并且使用SQL语句,将要更新的内容连接起来,然后最后才使用command.ExecuteNonQuery()进行更新,效率高了,主要代码如下:
代码如下:
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (!Page.IsPostBack)
{
SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["AppConnectionString1"].ConnectionString);
SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand("SELECT [CustomerID], [CompanyName], [ContactName], [ContactTitle] FROM [Customers]", con);
con.Open();
Gridview1.DataSource = command.ExecuteReader();
Gridview1.DataBind();
con.Close();
}
}
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
StringBuilder query = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < Gridview1.Rows.Count; i++)
{
GridviewRow row = Gridview1.Rows[i];
string value1 = ((TextBox)row.Cells[0].FindControl("TextBox2")).Text.Replace("'", "''");
string value2 = ((TextBox)row.Cells[1].FindControl("TextBox3")).Text.Replace("'", "''");
string value3 = Gridview1.DataKeys[i].Value.ToString();
query.Append("UPDATE [Customers] SET [CompanyName] = '").Append(value1).Append("' , [ContactTitle] = '")
.Append(value2).Append("' WHERE [CustomerID] = '").Append(value3).Append("';\n");
}
SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["AppConnectionString1"].ConnectionString);
SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(query.ToString(), con);
con.Open();
command.ExecuteNonQuery();
con.Close();
}
}
其中要特别注意一点的是,在vs.net 2005 beta 2开始,如果你在web.config中使用了数据库连接字符串的配置,那么应该按如下的方法去写:
代码如下:
<connectionStrings>
<add name="NorthwindConnectionString" connectionString="Data Source=LIAO;Initial Catalog=Northwind;User ID=sa;Password=xxxx" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"/>
</connectionStrings>
然后在程序中如下进行读取:
SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["AppConnectionString1"].ConnectionString);