时间:2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过:2人阅读
php捕捉错误的方法:1、使用“try{}catch()”方法捕捉错误;2、通过“set_error_handler”函数捕捉“E_NOTICE”等;3、利用“set_exception_handler”设置默认的异常处理程序。
php错误及异常捕捉
在实际开发中,错误及异常捕捉仅仅靠try{}catch()是远远不够的。
所以引用以下几中函数。
a) set_error_handler
一般用于捕捉 E_NOTICE 、E_USER_ERROR、E_USER_WARNING、E_USER_NOTICE
不能捕捉:
E_ERROR, E_PARSE, E_CORE_ERROR, E_CORE_WARNING, E_COMPILE_ERROR and E_COMPILE_WARNING。
一般与trigger_error("...", E_USER_ERROR),配合使用。
- <?php
- // we will do our own error handling
- error_reporting(0);
- function userErrorHandler($errno, $errmsg, $filename, $linenum, $vars)
- {
- // timestamp for the error entry
- $dt = date("Y-m-d H:i:s (T)");
- // define an assoc array of error string
- // in reality the only entries we should
- // consider are E_WARNING, E_NOTICE, E_USER_ERROR,
- // E_USER_WARNING and E_USER_NOTICE
- $errortype = array (
- E_ERROR => 'Error',
- E_WARNING => 'Warning',
- E_PARSE => 'Parsing Error',
- E_NOTICE => 'Notice',
- E_CORE_ERROR => 'Core Error',
- E_CORE_WARNING => 'Core Warning',
- E_COMPILE_ERROR => 'Compile Error',
- E_COMPILE_WARNING => 'Compile Warning',
- E_USER_ERROR => 'User Error',
- E_USER_WARNING => 'User Warning',
- E_USER_NOTICE => 'User Notice',
- E_STRICT => 'Runtime Notice',
- E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR => 'Catchable Fatal Error'
- );
- // set of errors for which a var trace will be saved
- $user_errors = array(E_USER_ERROR, E_USER_WARNING, E_USER_NOTICE);
- $err = "<errorentry>\n";
- $err .= "\t<datetime>" . $dt . "</datetime>\n";
- $err .= "\t<errornum>" . $errno . "</errornum>\n";
- $err .= "\t<errortype>" . $errortype[$errno] . "</errortype>\n";
- $err .= "\t<errormsg>" . $errmsg . "</errormsg>\n";
- $err .= "\t<scriptname>" . $filename . "</scriptname>\n";
- $err .= "\t<scriptlinenum>" . $linenum . "</scriptlinenum>\n";
- if (in_array($errno, $user_errors)) {
- $err .= "\t<vartrace>" . wddx_serialize_value($vars, "Variables") . "</vartrace>\n";
- }
- $err .= "</errorentry>\n\n";
- echo $err;
- }
- function distance($vect1, $vect2) {
- if (!is_array($vect1) || !is_array($vect2)) {
- trigger_error("Incorrect parameters, arrays expected", E_USER_ERROR);
- return NULL;
- }
- if (count($vect1) != count($vect2)) {
- trigger_error("Vectors need to be of the same size", E_USER_ERROR);
- return NULL;
- }
- for ($i=0; $i<count($vect1); $i++) {
- $c1 = $vect1[$i]; $c2 = $vect2[$i];
- $d = 0.0;
- if (!is_numeric($c1)) {
- trigger_error("Coordinate $i in vector 1 is not a number, using zero",E_USER_WARNING);
- $c1 = 0.0;
- }
- if (!is_numeric($c2)) {
- trigger_error("Coordinate $i in vector 2 is not a number, using zero",E_USER_WARNING);
- $c2 = 0.0;
- }
- $d += $c2*$c2 - $c1*$c1;
- }
- return sqrt($d);
- }
- $old_error_handle = set_error_handler("userErrorHandler");
- $t = I_AM_NOT_DEFINED;//generates a warning
- // define some "vectors"
- $a = array(2, 3, "foo");
- $b = array(5.5, 4.3, -1.6);
- $c = array(1, -3);
- //generate a user error
- $t1 = distance($c,$b);
- // generate another user error
- $t2 = distance($b, "i am not an array") . "\n";
- // generate a warning
- $t3 = distance($a, $b) . "\n";
- ?>
b) set_exception_handler
设置默认的异常处理程序,用于没有用 try/catch 块来捕获的异常。 在 exception_handler 调用后异常会中止。
与throw new Exception('Uncaught Exception occurred'),连用。
- <?php
- // we will do our own error handling
- error_reporting(0);
- function exceptHandle($errno, $errmsg, $filename, $linenum, $vars)
- {
- // timestamp for the error entry
- $dt = date("Y-m-d H:i:s (T)");
- // define an assoc array of error string
- // in reality the only entries we should
- // consider are E_WARNING, E_NOTICE, E_USER_ERROR,
- // E_USER_WARNING and E_USER_NOTICE
- $errortype = array (
- E_ERROR => 'Error',
- E_WARNING => 'Warning',
- E_PARSE => 'Parsing Error',
- E_NOTICE => 'Notice',
- E_CORE_ERROR => 'Core Error',
- E_CORE_WARNING => 'Core Warning',
- E_COMPILE_ERROR => 'Compile Error',
- E_COMPILE_WARNING => 'Compile Warning',
- E_USER_ERROR => 'User Error',
- E_USER_WARNING => 'User Warning',
- E_USER_NOTICE => 'User Notice',
- E_STRICT => 'Runtime Notice',
- E_RECOVERABLE_ERROR => 'Catchable Fatal Error'
- );
- // set of errors for which a var trace will be saved
- $err = "<errorentry>\n";
- $err .= "\t<datetime>" . $dt . "</datetime>\n";
- $err .= "\t<errornum>" . $errno . "</errornum>\n";
- $err .= "\t<errortype>" . $errortype[$errno] . "</errortype>\n";
- $err .= "\t<errormsg>" . $errmsg . "</errormsg>\n";
- $err .= "\t<scriptname>" . $filename . "</scriptname>\n";
- $err .= "\t<scriptlinenum>" . $linenum . "</scriptlinenum>\n";
- if (1) {
- $err .= "\t<vartrace>" . wddx_serialize_value($vars, "Variables") . "</vartrace>\n";
- }
- $err .= "</errorentry>\n\n";
- echo $err;
- }
- $old_except_handle = set_exception_handler("exceptHandle");
- //$t = I_AM_NOT_DEFINED;//generates a warning
- $a;
- throw new Exception('Uncaught Exception occurred');
- ?>
c) register_shutdown_function
执行机制是:php把要调用的函数调入内存。当页面所有PHP语句都执行完成时,再调用此函数。
一般与trigger_error("...", E_USER_ERROR),配合使用。
- <?php
- error_reporting(0);
- date_default_timezone_set('Asia/Shanghai');
- register_shutdown_function('my_exception_handler');
- $t = I_AM_NOT_DEFINED;//generates a warning
- trigger_error("Vectors need to be of the same size", E_USER_ERROR);
- function my_exception_handler()
- {
- if($e = error_get_last()) {
- //$e['type']对应php_error常量
- $message = '';
- $message .= "出错信息:\t".$e['message']."\n\n";
- $message .= "出错文件:\t".$e['file']."\n\n";
- $message .= "出错行数:\t".$e['line']."\n\n";
- $message .= "\t\t请工程师检查出现程序".$e['file']."出现错误的原因\n";
- $message .= "\t\t希望能您早点解决故障出现的原因<br/>";
- echo $message;
- //sendemail to
- }
- }
- ?>
c) restore_error_handler()函数
定义和用法 restore_error_handler() 函数恢复之前的错误处理程序,该程序是由 set_error_handler() 函数改变的。
该函数永远返回 true。
是 set_error_handler()的反函数。
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