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CentOS6(64-bit)+Nginx搭建静态文件服务器

时间:2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过:16人阅读

Nginx搭建静态文件服务器

使用命令打开Nginx配置文件:

sudo vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

将配置改为:

  1. server { ...... ...... # 下面的东西是需要自行添加的配置 location ~ \.(png|gif|jpg|jpeg)$ { root /usr/share/nginx/images; #这个将替换`server->root`配置 # expires 1d; index default.jpg; } # 上面就是需要添加的东西了 # 对于满足以 .png/.gif/.jpg 结尾的url请求, # 将其根目录定义为 /usr/share/nginx/images # 文件的有效期为一天(如果需要可以取消注释) ...... ......}

设置完之后通过命令:

sudo service nginx restart重启Nginx后生效。

如果遇到启动失败,使用命令:

nginx -t

查看错误信息

Nginx搭建PHP运行环境

PHP运行环境安装一个 php-fpm包即可:

sudo yum install php-fpm

执行命令打开对应的配置文件:

sudo vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

将server_name改为:

server_name localhost;

将第一个默认的 localtion改为:

  1. location / { try_files $uri $uri=404;}

将 404 改为:

  1. error_page 404 /404.html;

执行命令:

vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

查找并记住 listen内容(以下127.0.0.1:9000是我本机的设置):

listen = 127.0.0.1:9000

去掉Nginx配置文件里的PHP的配置改为如下:

  1. # 同样是在server的区块里location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri = 404; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # 就是上面查找到的127.0.0.1:9000这个内容 fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params;}

可以得知我们的配置是正确的。

使用PHP上传文件

配置"php.ini"文件

sudo vim /etc/php.ini

如果不知道php.ini文件在哪里,请执行命令:

php -i | grep "Loaded Configuration File"

设置:

file_uploads = On

重启PHP服务:

sudo service php-fpm restart

在 /usr/share/nginx中创建HTML表单 upload.php:

注意:

  • 确保表单的 method为 post
  • enctype为 multipart/form-data确保可以接收文件

创建上传的PHP脚本

  1. <!--?php $target_dir = "images/"; $target_file = $target_dir . basename($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["name"]); $uploadOk = 1; $imageFileType = pathinfo($target_file,PATHINFO_EXTENSION); // Check if image file is a actual image or fake image if(isset($_POST["submit"])) { $check = getimagesize($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["tmp_name"]); if($check !== false) { echo "File is an image - " . $check["mime"] . "."; $uploadOk = 1; } else { echo "File is not an image."; $uploadOk = 0; } }?-->

解释:

  • $target_dir = "images/"表示文件存放的目录
  • $target_file表示文件上传的路径
  • $uploadOk=1暂未使用
  • $imageFileType包含了文件的扩展名
  • 接着就是判断文件是否是图片

检查文件是否已存在

  1. // Check if file already existsif (file_exists($target_file)) { echo "Sorry, file already exists."; $uploadOk = 0;}

限制文件大小

  1. // Check file sizeif ($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["size"] > 500000) { echo "Sorry, your file is too large."; $uploadOk = 0;}

限制文件类型

  1. // Allow certain file formatsif($imageFileType != "jpg" && $imageFileType != "png" && $imageFileType != "jpeg"&& $imageFileType != "gif" ) { echo "Sorry, only JPG, JPEG, PNG & GIF files are allowed."; $uploadOk = 0;}

完整的代码

  1. <!--?php$target_dir = "uploads/";$target_file = $target_dir . basename($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["name"]);$uploadOk = 1;$imageFileType = pathinfo($target_file,PATHINFO_EXTENSION);// Check if image file is a actual image or fake imageif(isset($_POST["submit"])) { $check = getimagesize($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["tmp_name"]); if($check !== false) { echo "File is an image - " . $check["mime"] . "."; $uploadOk = 1; } else { echo "File is not an image."; $uploadOk = 0; }}// Check if file already existsif (file_exists($target_file)) { echo "Sorry, file already exists."; $uploadOk = 0;}// Check file sizeif ($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["size"] --> 500000) { echo "Sorry, your file is too large."; $uploadOk = 0;}// Allow certain file formatsif($imageFileType != "jpg" && $imageFileType != "png" && $imageFileType != "jpeg"&& $imageFileType != "gif" ) { echo "Sorry, only JPG, JPEG, PNG & GIF files are allowed."; $uploadOk = 0;}// Check if $uploadOk is set to 0 by an errorif ($uploadOk == 0) { echo "Sorry, your file was not uploaded.";// if everything is ok, try to upload file} else { if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["tmp_name"], $target_file)) { echo "The file ". basename( $_FILES["fileToUpload"]["name"]). " has been uploaded."; } else { echo "Sorry, there was an error uploading your file."; }}?>

遇到php报 500 Server internal error错误怎么办?

在对应的php文件中增加:

ini_set('display_errors', 1);

在.htaccess文件中(如果没有该文件则手动创建一个空文件)添加:

php_flag display_errors 1

遇到php报 move_uploaded_file:failed to open stream: Permission denied in /usr/share/nginx/images怎么办?

在对应的php文件中增加:

echo exec('whoami');

比如输出的是:

www-data

执行以下语句赋予权限(语句中的www-data应该对应whoami的输出值):

sudo chown www-data /usr/share/nginx/imagessudo chmod 0755 /usr/share/nginx/images

[参考文章] https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-linux-nginx-mysql-php-lemp-stack-on-centos-7

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