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JavaScript使用面向对象实现的拖拽功能详解

时间：2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过：6人阅读

本文实例讲述了JavaScript使用面向对象实现的拖拽功能。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

面向对象有个前提：

前提：所有东西都必须包含在onload里
改写：不能有函数嵌套，可以有全局变量
过程，如下
- onload改成构造函数，
- 全局变量改成属性（通过this）
- 函数改写成方法

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>面向对象的继承-1</title>
<style>
#div1 {width: 100px; height: 100px; background: red; position: absolute;}
</style>
<script>
window.onload = function() {
  var oDiv = document.getElementById('div1');
  oDiv.onmousedown = function(ev) {
    var ev = ev || event;
    var disX = ev.clientX - this.offsetLeft;
    var disY = ev.clientY - this.offsetTop;
    document.onmousemove = function(ev) {
      var ev = ev || event;
      oDiv.style.left = ev.clientX - disX + 'px';
      oDiv.style.top = ev.clientY - disY + 'px';
    }
    document.onmouseup = function() {
      document.onmousemove = document.onmouseup = null;
    }
  }
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
  <div id="div1"></div>
</body>
</html>

把局部变量改成全局变量

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>面向对象的继承-2</title>
<style>
#div1 {width: 100px; height: 100px; background: red; position: absolute;}
</style>
<script>
var oDiv=null;
var disX=0;
var disY=0;
window.onload = function() {
  oDiv = document.getElementById('div1');
  oDiv.onmousedown = fnDown;
}
function fnMove(ev) {
  var ev = ev || event;
  oDiv.style.left = ev.clientX - disX + 'px';
  oDiv.style.top = ev.clientY - disY + 'px';
}
function fnUp() {
  document.onmousemove = document.onmouseup = null;
}
function fnDown(ev) {
  var ev = ev || event;
  disX = ev.clientX - this.offsetLeft;
  disY = ev.clientY - this.offsetTop;
  document.onmousemove = fnMove;
  document.onmouseup =fnUp;
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
  <div id="div1"></div>
</body>
</html>

引用块内容

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>面向对象的继承-2</title>
<style>
#div1 {width: 100px; height: 100px; background: red; position: absolute;}
#div2 {width: 100px; height: 100px; background: red; position: absolute;top:120px;}
</style>
<script>
window.onload=function(){
  new Drag('div1');
  new Drag('div2');
}
function Drag(id) {
  var _this=this;
  this.disX=0;
  this.disY=0;
  this.oDiv = document.getElementById(id);
  this.oDiv.onmousedown = function(){
    _this.fnDown()
  };
}
Drag.prototype.fnDown=function (ev) {
  var ev = ev || event;
  var _this=this;
  this.disX = ev.clientX - this.oDiv.offsetLeft;
  this.disY = ev.clientY - this.oDiv.offsetTop;
  document.onmousemove = function(){
    _this.fnMove();
  };
  document.onmouseup =function(){
    _this.fnUp();
  };
}
Drag.prototype.fnMove=function(ev) {
  var ev = ev || event;
  this.oDiv.style.left = ev.clientX - this.disX + 'px';
  this.oDiv.style.top = ev.clientY - this.disY + 'px';
}
Drag.prototype.fnUp=function () {
  document.onmousemove = null;
  document.onmouseup = null
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
  <div id="div1"></div>
  <div id="div2"></div>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>面向对象的继承-2</title>
<style>
#div1 {width: 100px; height: 100px; background: red; position: absolute;}
#div2 {width: 100px; height: 100px; background: red; position: absolute;top:120px;}
</style>
<script>
window.onload=function(){
  new Drag('div1');
  new Drag('div2');
}
function Drag(id) {
  var _this=this;
  this.disX=0;
  this.disY=0;
  this.oDiv = document.getElementById(id);
  this.oDiv.onmousedown = function(){
    _this.fnDown()
  };
}
Drag.prototype.fnDown=function (ev) {
  var ev = ev || event;
  var _this=this;
  this.disX = ev.clientX - this.oDiv.offsetLeft;
  this.disY = ev.clientY - this.oDiv.offsetTop;
  document.onmousemove = function(){
    _this.fnMove();
  };
  document.onmouseup =function(){
    _this.fnUp();
  };
}
Drag.prototype.fnMove=function(ev) {
  var ev = ev || event;
  this.oDiv.style.left = ev.clientX - this.disX + 'px';
  this.oDiv.style.top = ev.clientY - this.disY + 'px';
}
Drag.prototype.fnUp=function () {
  document.onmousemove = null;
  document.onmouseup = null
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
  <div id="div1"></div>
  <div id="div2"></div>
</body>
</html>

感兴趣的朋友可以使用在线HTML/CSS/JavaScript代码运行工具：http://tools.jb51.net/code/HtmlJsRun测试一下运行效果。

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希望本文所述对大家JavaScript程序设计有所帮助。

JavaScript使用面向对象实现的拖拽功能详解

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