当前位置:Gxlcms > JavaScript > 详解vue+css3做交互特效的方法

详解vue+css3做交互特效的方法

时间:2021-07-01 10:21:17 帮助过:5人阅读

1.前言

做项目就难免会开发交互效果或者特效,而我最近开发的项目一直在使用vue,开发技术栈方面,理所当然就使用了vue+css3开发,过程中发现使用vue+css3开发特效,和javascript/jquery+css3的思维方式不一样,但是比javascript/jquery+css3简单一点点。今天就分享三个简单的小实例,希望能起到拓展思维的作用,让大家明白vue+css3应该怎样开发交互效果!如果大家有什么好的建议,或者觉得我哪里写错了,欢迎指出!

1.文章上面的代码,虽然代码很简单,不难理解,但是也是建议大家边写边看,这样不会混乱。
2.文章所提及的小实例,都是很基础的,大家可以参照自己的想法进行扩展,或者修改,可能会有意想不到的效果。我写这类型的文章也是想授人以渔,不是授人以鱼!
3.这几个实例,摘自我自己的平常练习的项目,代码已经提到github上面了(vue-demos)。欢迎大家star。

2.开场小动画运行效果

gif图模糊效果看着跟实际效果不太一样!大家注意!

原理分析

说到原理分析,其实也没什么可以分析的,就是在页面是下面这个状态的时候,把文字替换掉。至于看到字体缩成一团,就是letter-spacing这个css属性的控制效果。字体模糊就是filter: blur()这个css属性的控制效果!看到有逐渐的变化,就是css3动画(animation)的效果

下面简单分析下,这个动画的几个步骤,从下面看到,这个动画一共8个步骤。

这下就清晰明了了,我们要在下图这个瞬间开始改变文字,也就是页面加载了两秒后,动画执行了两次后就开始改变文字。然后每隔两秒改变一次文字,直到最后!

下面给出vuejavascript两种方式的代码,看下哪种方式更加的简单!

vue方式

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Title</title>
</head>
<style>
  body{
    background: #ccc;
  }
  h1 {
    color: white;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    margin-top: 100px;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 6rem;
    line-height: 1;
    animation: letterspacing 1s 7 alternate ease-in-out;
    display: block;
    letter-spacing: .5rem;
  }

  @keyframes letterspacing {
    0% {
      letter-spacing: -72px;
      filter: blur(20px);
    }

    40% {
      filter: blur(6px);
    }

    80% {
      letter-spacing: 8px;
      filter: blur(0);
    }
  }
</style>
<body>
<div id="text">
  <h1>{{testText}}</h1>
</div>
</body>
<script src="vue.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
  new Vue({
    el:'#text',
    data:{
      nowIndex:0,
      testText:'欢迎浏览'
    },
    mounted(){
      let _this=this;
      let timer = setInterval(function(){
        _this.nowIndex++;
        switch (_this.nowIndex) {
          case 1:
            _this.testText = '守候的文章';
            break;
          case 2:
            _this.testText = '愿您浏览愉快';
            break;
          case 3:
            _this.testText = '学到知识';
            break;
        }
        if (_this.nowIndex > 3) {
          setTimeout(() => {
            clearInterval(timer);
          }, 2000)
        }
      }, 2000)
    }
  })
</script>
</html>

javascript方式

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Title</title>
</head>
<style>
  body{
    background: #ccc;
  }
  h1 {
    color: white;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    margin-top: 100px;
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 6rem;
    line-height: 1;
    animation: letterspacing 1s 7 alternate ease-in-out;
    display: block;
    letter-spacing: .5rem;
  }

  @keyframes letterspacing {
    0% {
      letter-spacing: -6rem;
      filter: blur(1rem);
    }

    40% {
      filter: blur(.3rem);
    }

    80% {
      letter-spacing: .5rem;
      filter: blur(0rem);
    }
  }
</style>
<body>
<div id="text">
  <h1>欢迎浏览</h1>
</div>
</body>
<script>
  var oH1=document.querySelector('h1'),nowIndex=0;
  console.log(oH1)
  var timer = setInterval(function () {
    nowIndex++;
    switch (nowIndex) {
      case 1:
        oH1.innerHTML = '守候的文章';
        break;
      case 2:
        oH1.innerHTML = '愿您浏览愉快';
        break;
      case 3:
        oH1.innerHTML = '学到知识';
        break;
    }
    if (nowIndex > 3) {
      setTimeout(() => {
        clearInterval(timer);
      }, 2000)
    }
  }, 2000)
</script>
</html>

3.导航滑块运行效果

原理分析

首先,下面是页面初始化的时候,橙色滑块的位置

鼠标放到第二个tab上面,大家可以看到,橙色滑块就是向右偏移了一个tab的距离

鼠标放到第三个tab上面,大家可以看到,橙色滑块就是向右偏移了两个tab的距离

如果从第一个tab到第六个tab的索引是0,1,2,3,4,5。

那么滑块的公式就是(索引*tab的宽度)。大家看到有逐渐过去的效果,其实是css3过渡(transition)的效果。大家看下面的代码就行了,一看就懂!代码如下:

vue方式

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Title</title>
</head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="reset.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
<style>
  .nav{
    margin: 40px;
    position: relative;
  }
.nav li{
  float: left;
  width: 100px;
  height: 40px;
  line-height: 40px;
  color: #fff;
  text-align: center;
  background: #09f;
  cursor: pointer;
}
  .nav span{
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
  }
  .nav .slider{
    position: absolute;
    transition: all .5s cubic-bezier(0.4, -0.3, 0.57, 1.38);
    width: 100px;
    height: 40px;
    background: #f90;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    z-index: 1;
  }
</style>
<body>
<div class="nav clear" id="nav" @mouseleave="nowIndex=0">
  <ul>
    <li @mouseenter.stop="nowIndex=0"><span>Tab One</span></li>
    <li @mouseenter.stop="nowIndex=1"><span>Tab Two</span></li>
    <li @mouseenter.stop="nowIndex=2"><span>Tab Three</span></li>
    <li @mouseenter.stop="nowIndex=3"><span>Tab four</span></li>
    <li @mouseenter.stop="nowIndex=4"><span>Tab five</span></li>
    <li @mouseenter.stop="nowIndex=5"><span>Tab six</span></li>
  </ul>
  <div class="slider" :style="{'transform':'translate3d('+nowIndex*100+'px,0,0)'}"></div>
</div>
</body>
<script src="vue.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
  new Vue({
    el:'#nav',
    data:{
      nowIndex:0
    }
  })
</script>
</html>

javascript方式

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Title</title>
</head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="reset.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
<style>
  .nav{
    position: relative;
  }
.nav li{
  float: left;
  width: 100px;
  height: 40px;
  line-height: 40px;
  color: #fff;
  text-align: center;
  background: #09f;
  cursor: pointer;
}
  .nav span{
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
  }
  .nav .slider{
    position: absolute;
    transition: all .5s cubic-bezier(0.4, -0.3, 0.57, 1.38);
    width: 100px;
    height: 40px;
    background: #f90;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    z-index: 1;
  }
</style>
<body>
<div class="nav clear" id="nav">
  <ul>
    <li><span>Tab One</span></li>
    <li><span>Tab Two</span></li>
    <li><span>Tab Three</span></li>
    <li><span>Tab four</span></li>
    <li><span>Tab five</span></li>
    <li><span>Tab six</span></li>
  </ul>
  <div class="slider"></div>
</div>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
  var oDiv=document.querySelector("#nav"),oLi=oDiv.querySelectorAll("li"),oSlider=document.querySelector(".slider");
  oDiv.addEventListener("mouseleave",function () {
    oSlider.style.transform='translate3d(0,0,0)';
  })
  for(var i=0;i<oLi.length;i++){
    oLi[i].index=i;
    oLi[i].addEventListener("mouseenter",function (e) {
      oSlider.style.transform='translate3d('+this.index*100+'px,0,0)';
    })
  }
</script>
</html>

4.轮播图运行效果

原理分析

蓝框的是li,黑框的是div

初始化状态

处于显示第二张图片的时候

看到上面,其实也就是控制ul的偏移量(transform:translate3d)。计算公式和上面的滑块相似,索引(0|1|2|3)*li的宽度。不同的就是,ul的偏移量是取负数,因为ul是想左偏,上面的滑块是向右偏!
当第一张图片的时候,ul偏移量设置(transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px))。
当第二张图片的时候,ul偏移量设置(transform: translate3d(-1000px, 0px, 0px))。
当第二张图片的时候,ul偏移量设置(transform: translate3d(-2000px, 0px, 0px))。以此类推,偏移量很简单的就能计算出来!

可能我说的大家有点懵,但是,看下面的代码,就不会懵了,因为代码也很简单!

vue方式

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Title</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="reset.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
  <style>
    .slide-img {
      width: 1000px;
      height: 500px;
      overflow: hidden;
      position: relative;
      margin: 20px auto;
    }

    ul {
      transition: all .5s ease;
    }

    li {
      float: left;
    }

    .slide-arrow div {
      width: 50px;
      height: 100px;
      position: absolute;
      margin: auto;
      top: 0;
      bottom: 0;
      background: url("http://i1.bvimg.com/1949/4d860a3067fab23b.jpg") no-repeat;
    }

    .arrow-right {
      transform: rotate(180deg);
      right: 0;
    }

    .arrow-left {
      left: 0;
    }
    .slide-option{
      position: absolute;
      bottom: 10px;
      width: 100%;
      left: 0;
      text-align: center;
    }
    .slide-option span{
      display: inline-block;
      width: 14px;
      height: 14px;
      border-radius: 100%;
      background: #ccc;
      margin: 0 10px;
    }
    .slide-option .active{
      background: #09f;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="slide-img clear" id="slide-img">
  <!--用tran这个class控制ul是否含有过渡效果,样式已经写好-->
  <ul :style="{'width':(listWidth*list.length)+'px','transform':'translate3d(-'+(listWidth*nowIndex)+'px,0,0)'}">
    <!--遍历出来的图片-->
    <li v-for="(li,index) in list" :style="{'width':listWidth+'px'}">
      <a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
        <img :src="li" class="slider-img"/>
      </a>
    </li>
  </ul>
  <div class="slide-option">
    <span v-for="(li,index) in list" :class="{'active':index===nowIndex}"></span>
  </div>
  <div class="slide-arrow">
    <div class="arrow-left" @click.stop="switchDo('reduce')"></div>
    <div class="arrow-right" @click.stop="switchDo"></div>
  </div>
</div>
</body>
<script src="vue.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
  new Vue({
    el: '#slide-img',
    data: {
      nowIndex: 0,
      listWidth: '1000',
      list: ['./images/timg1.jpg', './images/timg2.jpg', './images/timg3.jpg', './images/timg4.jpg'],
      timer:null
    },
    methods: {
      //滑动操作
      switchDo(reduce){
        clearInterval(this.timer);
        //根据reduce判断this.nowIndex的增加或者减少!
        if(reduce==='reduce'){
          //如果是第一张,就返回最后一张
          if(this.nowIndex===0){
            this.nowIndex=this.list.length-1;
          }
          else{
            this.nowIndex--;
          }
        }
        else{
          //如果是最后一张,就返回第一张
          if(this.nowIndex===this.list.length-1){
            this.nowIndex=0;
          }
          else{
            this.nowIndex++;
          }
        }
        var _this=this;
        this.timer=setInterval(function () {
          _this.switchDo();
        },4000)

      },
    },
    mounted(){
      var _this=this;
      this.timer=setInterval(function () {
        _this.switchDo();
      },4000)
    }
  })
</script>
</html>

javascript方式

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>Title</title>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="reset.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >
  <style>
    .slide-img {
      width: 1000px;
      height: 500px;
      overflow: hidden;
      position: relative;
      margin: 20px auto;
    }

    ul {
      transition: all .5s ease;
    }

    li {
      float: left;
    }

    .slide-arrow div {
      width: 50px;
      height: 100px;
      position: absolute;
      margin: auto;
      top: 0;
      bottom: 0;
      background: url("http://i1.bvimg.com/1949/4d860a3067fab23b.jpg") no-repeat;
    }

    .arrow-right {
      transform: rotate(180deg);
      right: 0;
    }

    .arrow-left {
      left: 0;
    }
    .slide-option{
      position: absolute;
      bottom: 10px;
      width: 100%;
      left: 0;
      text-align: center;
    }
    .slide-option span{
      display: inline-block;
      width: 14px;
      height: 14px;
      border-radius: 100%;
      background: #ccc;
      margin: 0 10px;
    }
    .slide-option .active{
      background: #09f;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="slide-img clear" id="slide-img">
  <!--用tran这个class控制ul是否含有过渡效果,样式已经写好-->
  <ul id="slide-img-ul">
    <!--遍历出来的图片-->
    <li style="width: 1000px;"><a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" ><img src="images/timg1.jpg" class="slider-img"/></a></li>
    <li style="width: 1000px;"><a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" ><img src="images/timg2.jpg" class="slider-img"/></a></li>
    <li style="width: 1000px;"><a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" ><img src="images/timg3.jpg" class="slider-img"/></a></li>
    <li style="width: 1000px;"><a href="javascript:;" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" ><img src="images/timg4.jpg" class="slider-img"/></a></li>
  </ul>
  <div class="slide-option">
    <span></span>
    <span></span>
    <span></span>
    <span></span>
  </div>
  <div class="slide-arrow">
    <div class="arrow-left"></div>
    <div class="arrow-right"></div>
  </div>
</div>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
  window.onload=function () {
    var oUl=document.querySelector('#slide-img-ul');
    var oLi=oUl.querySelectorAll('li');
    var oSpan=document.querySelector('.slide-option').querySelectorAll('span');
    var oArrowLeft=document.querySelector('.arrow-left');
    var oArrowRight=document.querySelector('.arrow-right');
    oUl.style.width='4000px';
    oArrowLeft.addEventListener('click',function () {
      switchDo('reduce');
    })
    oArrowRight.addEventListener('click',function () {
      switchDo();
    })
    var timer=null,nowIndex=0;
    function switchDo(reduce){
      clearInterval(timer);
      //设置样式
      oUl.style.transform='translate3d(-'+(1000*nowIndex)+'px,0,0)';
      for (var i=0;i<oSpan.length;i++){
        if(i===nowIndex){
          oSpan[i].className='active';
        }
        else{
          oSpan[i].className='';
        }
      }
      //根据reduce判断this.nowIndex的增加或者减少!
      if(reduce==='reduce'){
        //如果是第一张,就返回最后一张
        if(nowIndex===0){
          nowIndex=oLi.length-1;
        }
        else{
          nowIndex--;
        }
      }
      else{
        //如果是最后一张,就返回第一张
        if(nowIndex===oLi.length-1){
          nowIndex=0;
        }
        else{
          nowIndex++;
        }
      }
      timer=setInterval(function () {
        switchDo();
      },4000)
    }
    switchDo();
  }
</script>
</html>

5.小结

好了,关于vue+css3开发的特效,以及和javascript+css3的对比,就说到这里了,希望这三个小实例,能帮到大家了解下应该怎么使用vue+css3开发特效的。今天讲这三个小实例不是说给大家代码,让大家复制粘贴使用,而是希望能起到一个抛砖引玉的作用,拓展思维的作用!就像我之前写文章说得那样,我写文章是希望能起到一个授人以渔的作用,而不是授人以鱼!最后,如果大家觉得有什么地方我写错了,写错不好,或者有其它什么建议,欢迎指出!让大家相互学习,共同进步!也希望大家多多支持脚本之家!!!

人气教程排行